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saerTaSoriso samarTlis tradiciuli principis Tanaxmad, diplomatiuri dacvis ganxorcieleba saxelmwifos prerogativaa. saerTaSoriso marTlmsajum. gociriZe, fizikuri da iuridiuli pirebis diplomatiuri dacva saerTaSoriso sajaro ... Tanamedrove saerTaSoriso samarTalSi diplomatiuri dacvis meqanizmi damkvidrebulia rogorc saerTaSoriso samarTlis CveulebiTi norma. 2 Tanamedrove samarTalSi ar arsebobs zogadsamarTlebrivi saxelSekrulebo instrumenti, romelic daaregulirebda diplomatiuri dacvis meqanizmis samarTlebriv aspeqtebs. misi Sinaarsis gansazRvra wlebis ganmavlobaSi xdeboda ZiriTad wyaroTa ganmartebis damxmare saSualebebiT. 3 mcdeloba diplomatiuri dacvis Sesaxeb arsebuli saerTaSoriso samarTlis bazis kodifikaciisa ganaxorciela gaerTianebuli erebis organizaciis saerTaSoriso samarTlis komisiam (SemdgomSi – `saerTa- Soriso samarTlis komisia~ an `komisia~). komisiis mier diplomatiuri dacvis Sesaxeb muxlebis proeqtis (SemdgomSi – `muxlebis proeqti~ an `proeqti~) teqsti, komentarebTan erTad, pirveli mosmeniT miRebul iqna 2004 wels, 4 xolo 2006 wels proeqti damtkicda meore mosmeniT. 5 am droisaTvis diplomatiuri dacvis samarTlis kodifikaciis aRniSnuli dokumenti rCeba isev da isev proeqtad da mas aranairi savaldebulo Zala, garda ZiriTad wyaroTa ganmartebis damxmare funqciisa, 6 ar gaaCnia saerTaSoriso sazogadoebis wevri saxelmwifoebisaTvis. saerTaSoriso marTlmsajulebis mudmivma sasamarTlom diplomatiuri dacva ganmarta rogorc `saerTaSoriso samar- Tlis elementaruli principi~, romlis mixedviTac, `saxelmwifo uflebamosilia, daicvas sakuTari subieqti, rodesac am ukanasknels ziani miadga sxva saxelmwifos mier Cadenili qmedebiT, romelic ewinaaRmdegeba saerTaSoriso samarTals, da rodesac am saxelmwifoSi Cveulebrivi gziT zianis anazRaureba ver moxerxda~. 7 komisia diplomatiuri dacvis Sesaxeb normaTa proeqtSi Semdegnairad ganmartavs am instruments: `diplomatiuri dacva moicavs diplomatiuri qmedebis an davis mSvidobiani mogvarebis sxva saSualebis gamoyenebas saxelmwifos mier im saxelmwifos pasuxismgeblobis dasmis mizniT, romelmac saerTaSorisosamarTlebrivi darRvevis meSveobiT ziani miayena ganmcxadebeli saxelmwifos moqalaqe fizikur an iuridiul pirs, Tuki aRniSnuli miznad isaxavs aseTi pasuxismgeblobis implementacias~. 8 rogorc vxedavT, diplomatiuri dacva aris is meqanizmi, romelsac Seu- Zlia, saSualeba misces sazRvargareT myof moqalaqes, daicvas Tvisi darRveuli uflebebi sakuTari saxelmwifos SuamdgomlobiT, iseT SemTxvevebSi, rodesac darRveva warmoSobs saxelmwifos pasuxismgeblobas. 9 Tumca unda aRiniSnos, rom diplomatiuri dacvis ganxorcieleba yvelanairi meTodiT dauSvebelia. rogorc ssk-is mier SemuSavebuli ganmartebidan Cans, diplomatiuri dacvis ganxorcieleba saerTaSorisosamarTlebriv CarCoebSi moeqceva mxolod davis mogvarebis mSvidobiani xerxebis gamoyenebis SemTxvevaSi. sainteresoa is garemoebac, rom diplomatiuri dacva ar moicavs im moqalaqeTa dacvas, romlebic sazRvargareT saxelmwifos saxeliT ewevian diplomatiur-warmomadgenlobiT saqmianobas, radgan amgvar SemTxvevaSi Cadenili qmedeba aRiqmeba saxelmwifos winaaRmdeg ganxorcielebul pirdapir darRvevad. aseTia zogadad diplomatiuri dacvis meqanizmis samarTlebrivi arsi. is, Tu ramdenad xelmisawvdomi da realurad ganxorcielebadi meqanizmia diplomatiuri dacva, amis demonstrirebas misi ZiriTadi Semadgeneli elementebisa da principebis detaluri analiziT SevecdebiT. 3. diplomatiuri dacvis meqanizmis ZiriTadi elementebi da principebi – Teoria praqtikis winaaRmdeg diplomatiuri dacva, rogorc erTi mTliani samarTlebrivi meqanizmi, uamravi calkeuli elementisagan Sedgeba, romelTa jer cal-calke da Semdgom erT mTlian meqanizmad amoqmedebisaTvis aucilebelia calkeuli principisa Tu moTxovnis dakmayofileba. aRniSnul proces- Si ki vawydebiT uamrav bariers, rac Zalze amcirebs im pirTa wres, romelTac eZlevaT realuri SesaZlebloba, isargeblon diplomatiuri dacviT. 3.1. diplomatiuri dacvis ganxorcielebis ufleba 223
saerTaSoriso samarTlis Jurnali, #1, 2008 JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL LAW, N1, 2008 lebis mudmivma sasamarTlom mavromatisis palestinuri koncesiebis saqmeze ganacxada, rom diplomatiuri dacvis ganxorcielebisas saxelmwifo iyenebs Tavis uflebas, `uzrunvelyos saerTaSorisosamarTlebrivi normebis pativiscema Tavis subieqtTan mimarTebiT~. 10 diplomatiuri dacvis ganxorcieleba saxelmwifos uflebaa. saerTaSoriso samarTlis Tanaxmad, saxelmwifo ar aris valdebuli, daicvas sakuTari moqalaqe saerTaSoriso arenaze da, Sesabamisad, dacvis ganxorcielebaze uaris Tqmis Sem- TxvevaSi aranairi pasuxismgebloba ar ekisreba. es ganpirobebulia im faqtiT, rom saxelmwifoebi istoriulad Tavs arideben, saerTaSoriso samarTalSi miscen ufleba individebs, Tavad wamoiwyon saqme saxelmwifoebis winaaRmdeg, rasac xsnian saxelmwifo suverenitetsa da Sida saqmeebSi Caurevlobis principebTan dakavSirebuli mizezebiT. 11 kompania `barselona treqSenis~ saqmeze saerTaSoriso marTlmsajulebis sasamarTlom daadgina, rom: `saerTaSoriso samarTlis farglebSi dawesebuli SezRudvebis Tanaxmad, saxelmwifos SeuZlia, ganaxorcielos diplomatiuri dacva im saSualebebiTa da im farglebSi, rasac saWirod miiCnevs... saxelmwifo unda ganvixiloT rogorc erTaderTi msajuli, romelsac SeuZlia, gadawyvitos, ganaxorcielebs Tu ara igi dacvas, ra farglebSi da rodis Sewyvets~. 12 amgvarad, rogorc ukve gamoikveTa, pirveli da yvelaze mniSvnelovani dabrkoleba fizikuri Tu iuridiuli pirisaTvis – isargeblos Tavisi moqalaqeobis saxelmwifos dacviT, aris saxelmwifos mier diplomatiuri dacvis valdebulebis ganxorcielebis ararseboba. amdenad, moqalaqe saerTaSorisosamarTlebriv reJimSi veranairad aiZulebs saxelmwifos, ganaxorcielos misi dacva. ufro metic, `Tundac fizikurma an iuridiulma pirma [romlis saxeliTac saxelmwifo axorcielebs diplomatiur dacvas] CaTvalos, rom misi ufleba araadekvaturad iqna daculi, mas saerTaSorisosamarTlebriv reJimSi ar gaaCnia aranairi samarTlebrivi saSualeba~. 13 Tumca aqve unda aRiniSnos is dadebi- Ti tendenciebi, rac am mxriv saxelmwifo- Ta Tanamedrove praqtikaSi SeiniSneba. saerTaSorisosamarTlebrivi sazogadoebis zogierTi wevri Tvlis, rom individebs unda hqondeT ufleba, mosTxovon saxelmwifos, ganaxorcielos diplomatiuri dacva maTi saxeliT. arsebobs, marTalia, Zalze SezRuduli masStabiT, magram mainc, saxelmwifo praqtika, romelic exmianeba aRniSnul mosazrebas. 14 ramdenime saxelmwifos konstituciuri debulebebiT, aRiarebulia individis ufleba, miiRos saxelmwifo dacva im zianis gamo, romelic miadga ucxo qveynis teritoriaze. 15 maT Soris aris saqarTveloc. saqarTvelos konstituciis me-13 muxlis Tanaxmad: `saqarTvelo mfarvelobs Tavis moqalaqes ganurCevlad misi adgilsamyofelisa~. miuxedavad zemoaRniSnuli dadebiTi Zvrebisa, faqti faqtad rCeba – saerTa- Soriso samarTalSi kvlavac savaldebulo Zalas inarCunebs tradiciuli principi diplomatiuri dacvis ganxorcielebis saxelmwifo uflebis Sesaxeb. saer- TaSoriso samarTlis komisiam uaryo Se- Tavazeba, eRiarebinaT dacvis ganxorcielebaze saxelmwifos SezRuduli valdebuleba. 16 Tumca verc am dadebiTi tendenciebis sruliad ugulebelyofa SeZlo. komisiam diplomatiuri dacvis Sesaxeb muxlebis proeqtSi Cado me-19(a) muxli 17 , romelic erTgvar rekomendacias uwevs saxelmwifos, dacvis gareSe ar datovos, gansakuTrebiT, is moqalaqeebi, romelTac mniSvnelovani ziani miadgaT. 3.2. diplomatiuri dacvis meqanizmis beneficiarebi moqalaqeoba aris damakavSirebeli rgoli saxelmwifosa da dazaralebul pirs Soris, rac safuZvels iZleva diplomatiuri dacvis ganxorcielebisaTvis. 18 am SemTxvevaSi, termini moqalaqe moicavs rogorc fizikur, aseve iuridiul pirebs. fizikuri da iuridiuli pirebis moqalaqeobis gansazRvrisas vawydebiT Ti- Toeuli maTganisaTvis damaxasiaTebel garkveul Taviseburebebs, ris gamoc am or jgufs cal-calke ganvixilavT. fizikuri pirebi. istoriulad, imis gansazRvra, Tu vin warmoadgens Tavis moqalaqes, ganekuTvneboda saxelmwifos prerogativas. saerTaSoriso marTlmsajulebis mudmivma sasamarTlom saqmeze – 224
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FROM THE EDITORIAL BOARD The Journa
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STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENTIFIC
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