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saerTaSoriso samarTlis Jurnali, #1, 2008 JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL LAW, N1, 2008<br />
deba xolme, rodesac Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi<br />
sasamarTloebis mier universaluri<br />
iurisdiqciis ganxorcielebis sakiTxi<br />
ganixileba. am TvalsazrisiT zedapirze<br />
amodis kiTxva: SesaZloa Tu ara imis mtkiceba,<br />
rom saerTaSoriso samarTali yovelTvis<br />
sworxazovnad uWerda mxars<br />
`kargad daculTa~ 36 absolutur imunitetsa<br />
da xelSeuxeblobas am sakiTxis<br />
analizisaTvis mizanSewonilia, mokled<br />
mimovixiloT saerTaSoriso danaSaulebisTvis<br />
individualuri pasuxismgeblobis<br />
aRiarebis procesi. individualuri sisxlissamarTlebrivi<br />
pasuxismgeblobis<br />
koncefciis ganviTarebis ganxilva Sesa-<br />
Zleblobas iZleva, mokled gadavavloT<br />
Tvali im progress, romlis miRweva moxda<br />
saerTaSoriso danaSaulis Camden ma-<br />
Rali rangis saxelmwifo moxeleTa, miuxedavad<br />
maTTvis miniWebuli imunitetebisa<br />
da privilegiebisa, sisxlissamarTlebrivi<br />
devnisa da gasamarTlebis mxriv.<br />
am cvlilebebma mniSvnelovani roli Seasrula<br />
saxelmwifo imunitetis ideis<br />
garSemo kiTxvis niSnebis gaCenaSi im situaciebSi,<br />
rodesac saerTaSoriso danaSaulis<br />
Cadena xdeba saxelmwifos warmomadgeneli<br />
pirebis mier, romlebic sisxlissamarTlebrivi<br />
devnisgan Sesabamisi imunitetiT<br />
daculobis pretenzias acxadeben.<br />
37 adamianis uflebaTa doqtrinis etapobrivma<br />
ganviTarebam dasabami misca suverenuli<br />
imunitetis doqtrinis erozias.<br />
farTod aRiarebulia, rom niurnbergis<br />
tribunalis wesdeba da misi gadawyvetileba<br />
saerTaSoriso danaSaulebisaTvis<br />
individualuri pasuxismgeblobis<br />
aRiarebis dasabamia, maT Soris imunitetebiT<br />
dacul pirebTan mimarTeba-<br />
Sic. Tumca niurnbergis procesebamde iyo<br />
versalis xelSekruleba 38 , da mniSvnelovania<br />
aRiniSnos, rom cvlilebaTa pirveli<br />
talRa am mimarTulebiT ukve pirveli<br />
msoflio omis 39 Semdeg SeiniSna, rodesac<br />
kaizeri vilhelm II am `braldebulis<br />
dasasjelad Seqmnili specialuri tribunalis~<br />
40 iurisdiqcias daqvemdebarebul<br />
pirad gamocxadda. omis wamomwyebTa pasuxismgeblobaSi<br />
micemis komisiis sasjel-<br />
Ta aRsrulebis Sesaxeb angariSSi aseve<br />
aRniSnulia: `... komisia survils gamoTqvams,<br />
pirdapir ganacxados, rom xelisuflebaSi<br />
myofi adamianebis mimarT ar arsebobs<br />
mizezi, ris gamoc rangi, ramdenad<br />
maRalic ar unda iyos igi, nebismier<br />
pirobebSi unda icavdes mis mflobels im<br />
pasuxismgeblobisgan Tavis aridebis<br />
mizniT, romelic dadgenilia kanonierad<br />
Seqmnili sasamarTlos mier. igive saxelmwifo<br />
meTaurebzec vrceldeba~. 41 Tumca<br />
es saxelmwifo suverenitetis koncefciisadmi<br />
midgomis Secvlis sakmaod adreul<br />
etapze Zalze mniSvnelovani ganacxadi<br />
iyo, komisiis angariSiT Semdgom `SeTavazebul<br />
iqna, dafuZnebuliyo maRali donis<br />
tribunali, romelic mravali eris<br />
warmomadgeneli mosamarTleebisgan dakompleqtdeboda<br />
da Sesabamisi saxelmwifos<br />
TanxmobiT SeZlebda saxelmwifos<br />
yofili meTauris gasamarTlebas, rac dafuZnebuli<br />
unda yofiliyo sazavo xel-<br />
Sekrulebis Sesabamis muxlebze~. 42 daTqma<br />
da SezRudva `saxelmwifos Tanxmobas-<br />
Tan~ dakavSirebiT SesaZlebelia gavigoT,<br />
Tu mxedvelobaSi miviRebT versalis xelSekrulebis<br />
Seqmnis dros mZime saerTa-<br />
Soriso danaSaulebisaTvis imunitetebiT<br />
daculi pirebis individualuri sisxlissamarTlebrivi<br />
pasuxismgeblobis koncefciis<br />
ganviTarebis dones. am daTqmis<br />
miuxedavad, aRniSnuli principi kvlavac<br />
rCeba mniSvnelovan garRvevad saxelmwifo<br />
suverenitetisa da gansakuTrebiT<br />
sastiki danaSaulebisgan adamianis dacvis<br />
urTierTmimarTebis aRqmis TvalsazrisiT.<br />
aRniSnul angariSSi aseve aRniSnulia<br />
Semdegi: `Tu suverenis/monarqis<br />
imuniteti... iseT princips daafuZnebda,<br />
rom gansakuTrebuli sisastike, mimar-<br />
Tuli omis wesebisa, Cveulebebisa da kacobriobis<br />
kanonebis winaaRmdeg, damtkicdeboda<br />
da bralad Seeracxeboda damnaSaves,<br />
magram arc erT SemTxvevaSi ar<br />
daisjeboda Camdeni... amgvari Sedegi Sokis<br />
momgvreli iqneboda civilizebuli kacobriobisaTvis~.<br />
43<br />
amdenad, miuxedavad imisa, rom es iyo<br />
absoluturad Canasaxovani formiT arsebuli<br />
wesi, romelic praqtikaSi arasdros<br />
ganxorcielebula, pirveli msoflio<br />
omis Semdeg gakeTebuli daskvnebis<br />
saSualebiT moxda imis aRiareba, rom Sesa-<br />
Zlebelia suverenuli imunitetis cnebis<br />
absoluturi dacvis uaryofa da gansakuTrebiT<br />
mZime danaSaulis CadenisaTvis,<br />
gamonaklis SemTxvevaSi, Tundac<br />
monarqis daqvemdebareba am wesisadmi. 44<br />
amgvarad, aRsaniSnavia saxelmwifos me-<br />
52
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