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xaTuna ToTlaZe `saqarTvelos saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonis xarvezebi 1. Sesavali saqarTvelos samarTlebriv sistema- Si saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebas sakmaod mniSvnelovani adgili ukavia. saqarTvelos konstituciis Tanaxmad: `...saqar- Tvelos saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebas an SeTanxmebas, Tu igi ar ewinaaRmdegeba saqarTvelos konstitucias, konstituciur SeTanxmebas aqvs upiratesi iuridiuli Zala Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi normatiuli aqtebis mimarT~. 1 saerTaSoriso xelSekruleba saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobis nawili, Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi samarTlis wyaroa, romelsac SeuZlia iuridiuli da fizikuri pirebisaTvis uflebebisa da movaleobebis warmoSoba. saxelmwifoebi damoukidebelni arian, daadginon saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebis adgili Sidasaxelmwifoebriv normaTa ierarqiaSi. 2 saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebis upiratesi iuridiuli Zala kanonTan SedarebiT aRiarebulia mravali saxelmwifos, maT Soris im saxelmwifoTa didi nawilis mier, romlebmac 90-iani wlebis dasawyisSi moipoves an aRadgines saxelmwifoebrivi damoukidebloba. saqarTvelos konstituciis zemoxsenebuli debulebis Sesrulebis mizniT, 1997 wlis 16 oqtombers miRebul iqna saqarTvelos kanoni `saqarTvelos saer- TaSoriso xelSekrulebebis Sesaxeb~, romelic morgebulia saxelmwifoSi 90- ian wlebSi arsebul realobas. 1997 wels amgvari tipis kanonis miRebam safuZveli Cauyara saxelSekrulebo samarTlis kuTxiT saqarTveloSi Tanamedrove praqtikis damkvidrebas. saqarTveloSi bolo xans ganviTarebulma movlenebma gamoiwvia mTeli rigi sakanonmdeblo cvlilebebisa, maT Soris saqarTvelos konstituciaSi. 3 miRebul iqna `saqarTvelos mTavrobis struqturis, uflebamosilebisa da saqmianobis wesis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanoni. ganxorcielebuli cvlilebebidan gamomdinare, warmoiSva samarTlebrivi da praqtikuli xasiaTis problemebi dRes moqmedi `saqar- Tvelos saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebebis Sesaxeb saqarTvelos kanonis~ implementaciasTan dakavSirebiT. 2. kanonis implementaciis procesSi warmoSobili samarTlebrivi xasiaTis problemebi samarTlebrivi kuTxiT, aRsaniSnavia, rom dRes moqmedi `kanoni saqarTvelos saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebebis Sesaxeb~ saerTod ar iTvaliswinebs premier-ministris, rogorc mTavrobis meTauris, kompetencias saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebis dadebis, Sesrulebisa da moqmedebis Sewyvetis kuTxiT, rac TavisTavad ewinaaRmdegeba rogorc qveynis konstitucias, ise saqarTvelos mier nakisr saer- TaSoriso valdebulebebs, kerZod ki 1969 wlis `saxelSekrulebo samarTlis Sesaxeb venis konvenciis~ im debulebebs, romlebic gansazRvraven mTavrobis meTaur- Ta kompetencias. erTi mxriv, saqarTvelos premier-ministri, zemoxsenebuli konvenciis moTxovnaTa Sesabamisad, xel- Sekrulebis teqstis miRebis an misi avTenturobis dadgenis, an xelSekrulebis savaldebuloobaze saxelmwifos Tanxmobis gamoxatvis mizniT, ex officio, yovelgvari uflebamosilebis wardgenis gareSe, iTvleba saxelmwifos warmomadgenlad, xolo meore mxriv, ar aris Seqmnili premier-ministris mier Tavisi uflebamosilebis ganxorcielebis amsaxveli Si- 189
saerTaSoriso samarTlis Jurnali, #1, 2008 JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL LAW, N1, 2008 dasaxelmwifoebrivi meqanizmi, rac konvenciis praqtikaSi implementaciis kuTxiT warmoSobs rogorc teqnikuri, ise samarTlebrivi xasiaTis sirTuleebs. saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobis Tanaxmad, aRmasrulebeli xelisuflebis roli saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebis dadebis procesSi bevrad ufro farToa, vidre sakanonmdeblo xelisuflebisa, rac ganpirobebulia saerTaSoriso praqtikiT, saqarTvelos samarTlebrivi tradiciebiTa da, zogadad, saerTaSoriso urTier- Tobebis sferoSi aRmasrulebeli xelisuflebis rolis dominirebiT. 4 `saqarTvelos saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonis Sesabamisad, aRmasrulebeli xelisuflebis kompetenciaSi Sedis: saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebis dadebis inicireba, uflebamosilebis gacema, molaparakebebis warmoeba sxva saxelmwifoebTan, monawileoba xelSekrulebis teqstis miRebasa da avTenturobis dadgenaSi, xelSekrulebis xelmowera, xelSekrulebis damtkiceba, saer- TaSoriso xelSekrulebis Sesrulebaze kontroli da im saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebaTa moqmedebis SewyvetasTan dakavSirebuli procedurebis ganxorcieleba, romelTa savaldebulod aRiarebaze man gamoxata Tanxmoba. `saqarTvelos saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanoni adgens saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebaTa sam kategorias: saxelmwifoTaSoriss, mTavrobaTaSorissa da uwyebaTaSoriss. 5 gadawyvetilebas saxelmwifoTaSorisi da mTavrobaTaSorisi xelSekrulebis dadebaze iRebs saqarTvelos prezidenti, uwyebaTaSorisi xelSekrulebis dadebaze ki sagareo saqmeTa ministri. faqtobrivad, saqarTvelos premier-ministris roli SeTavsebuli aqvs saqarTvelos prezidents, romelic kanonis miRebis droisaTvis iTvleboda rogorc saxelmwifos, ise aRmasrulebeli xelisuflebis meTaurad. Sesabamisad, dRes arsebuli realobis gaTvaliswinebiT, mniSvnelovania saqarTvelos premier-ministris institutis mniSvnelobis wamoweva da misi kompetenciis gansazRvra saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebebTan dakavSirebuli moqmedebebis mimarT. marTebulia, gadawyvetilebas mTavrobaTaSorisi saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebis dadebaze iRebdes saqarTvelos premier-ministri, rogorc saqarTvelos mTavrobis meTauri. Sesabamisad, nebismieri moqmedeba, romelic ukavSirdeba mTavrobaTaSorisi xasiaTis saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebis dadebas an misi moqmedebis Sewyvetas, unda xorcieldebodes premier-ministris uSualo monawileobiT. 3. rekomendaciebi saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebis dadebis Sesaxeb aRmasrulebeli Tu sakanonmdeblo xelisuflebis mxridan xelSekrulebis savaldebulod aRiarebaze Tanxmobis gamoxatvis konkretuli formis miuxedavad (xelmowera, ratificireba, miReba, damtkiceba, SeerTeba, dokumentebis gacvla, romlebic Seadgens xelSekrulebas), nebismieri zemoaRniSnuli kategoriis xelSekrulebis proeqtis mimarT xorcieldeba Sesabamisi, kanoniT dadgenili Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi procedurebi. sawyis etapze aRsaniSnavia rekomendaciebis institutis arseboba, rac Zalze moqnili da gamartivebuli formaa saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebis dadebis Sesaxeb winadadebasTan SedarebiT, romelmac unda gaiaros kanoniT dadgenili Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi procedurebi. rekomendaciis gauziareblobis SemTxveva- Si, misi ganxilva wydeba Sesabamisi saministroebis mier xelSekrulebis dadebis mizanSewonilobis ganxilvis rTuli da droSi gaWianurebuli proceduris ganxorcielebis gareSe. kanonis Tanaxmad, rekomendaciis wardgenis ufleba aqvT saqarTvelos parlaments, saqarTvelos uzenaes sasamarTlosa da saxalxo damcvels 6 . saqarTvelos parlamentis wevrs, Tavisi kompetenciidan gamomdinare, SesaZlebelia hqondes saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebis dadebis Sesaxeb rekomendaciis wardgenis ufleba, aseve mniSvnelovania, rekomendaciis wardgenis ufleba mieniWos saqarTvelos sakonstitucio sasamarTlos da aWarisa da afxazeTis avtonomiuri respublikebis uzenaes sabWoebs, rasac kanoni ar iTvaliswinebs. kanonis Tanaxmad, `rekomendaciebi saqarTvelos saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebis dadebis Taobaze unda Seicavdes xelSekrulebis dadebis mizanSewonilobis dasabuTebas~, rac sakmaod bundovani debulebaa da 190
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ivane javaxiSvilis sax. Tbilisis sa
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saredaqcio kolegia mTavari redaqtor
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FROM THE EDITORIAL BOARD The Journa
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irine qurdaZe saerTaSoriso da Sidas
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i. qurdaZe, saerTaSoriso da Sidasax
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STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENTIFIC
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I. KURDADZE, STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT
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afxazeTSi qarTveli mosaxleobis eTni
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L. ALEXIDZE, VITAL ROLE OF OSCE IN
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qeTevan xuciSvili suverenuli imunit
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q. xuciSvili, suverenuli imuniteteb
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imunitetebiT daculi sisxlis samarTl
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adamianis uflebaTa masobrivad damrR
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statiis SezRuduli formatis gamo, sa
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statiaSi naCvenebi iyo, rom saxelmw
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KETEVAN KHUTSISHVILI SHALL PROTECTI
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E. SIRADZE, JURISDICTION OF THE COA
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e. siWinava, `gonivruli vadis~ moTx
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ELENE SICHINAVA “A REASONABLE TIM
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E. SICHINAVA, “A REASONABLE TIME
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nona kalandaZe `SromiTi migrantebis
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M. GOTSIRIDZE, DIPLOMATIC PROTECRIO
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danarTi, saqarTvelos kanoni diploma
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