(IPPM) in Vegetables - Vegetableipmasia.org

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Resource Manual on IPPM in Vegetable World Education Philippines, Inc. d. Land preparation The field should be prepared very well. It should be pulverized and leveled. If the soil pH is lower than 5.8, apply lime one month before transplanting at the rate of 1,000 3,000 kilograms per hectare depending on the actual acidity of the soil. e. Transplanting Three weeks after pricking, transfer the seedlings into the field at a distance of 1.2 m between rows and 40 cm between plants. Carefully remove the seedlings from the seedbed or seedbox with the aide of trowel to minimize root injury and so that plenty of soil will adhere to the roots. Transplanting should be done during cloudy days or late afternoon to minimize wilting and hasten the recovery of the newly transplanted seedlings. Set transplant deep, the first true leaves just above the soil level. Irrigate immediately after transplanting. f. Fertilization Ideal Transplants When transplanting, basal application of ten bags 14-14-14 per hectare or 25 g/hill should be applied. First sidedressing should be done 20-25 days after transplanting at the rate of two bags of 46-0-0 mixed with one bag 0-0-60 per hectare or approximately seven grams per hill of the mixture. Eggplant responds very well to organic fertilizers. Apply compost or old manure if ever possible up to ten tons per hectare before transplanting. g. Irrigation For eggplant, furrow irrigation is recommended. If the rainfall is insufficient, irrigation should start immediately after transplanting and as needed afterwards. The soil must be soaked thoroughly but water logging must be avoided. Off-barring should be done ten days after transplanting to be followed by hilling-up one week later in order to protect the plants from water logging in order to ensure weed control. h. Pest and Diseases Fruit and shoot borer (Leucinodes orbnalis Guenee) is the most serious pest of eggplant attacking practically all parts of the eggplant. Other pests such as Epilachna beetle, red spider mite, leafhopper can be contacted locally. Eggplant can be affected by many pathogens. Major diseases of eggplant in the Philippines are early blight, phomopsis, bacterial wilt, and damping-off. 104
Resource Manual on IPPM in Vegetable World Education Philippines, Inc. i. Weeding Eggplant is slow to establish and can not compete with aggressive weeds. Weeds also harbor damaging insects and diseases. Weeds are controlled by physical methods. Hand weeding, cultivation, and mulching are quite common in small vegetable farms. Only shallow cultivation is necessary. Mulching with plastic mulch effectively controls weeds and reduces labor needs. Natural organic mulches, such as rice straw, will conserve moisture and add organic matter to the soil. j. Harvesting Harvest eggplant when the fruit is 2/3 maximum size for the variety, before fruit hardens, or when the fruit shows streak of unusual color, or about 2 weeks after fruit set. Harvesting can be done 2 or 3 times a week so the fruit will not become over-mature. More frequent harvesting can reduce damage from borers. 105
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Resource Manual on Integrated Produ
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Compiled and published by: World Ed
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ACKNOWLEDGM ENT World Education (IN
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1. Leaves 48 2. Flower 49 3. Fruit
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Sources 203 Part XII: Farm Record K
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Resource Manual on IPPM in Rice Wor
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