(IPPM) in Vegetables - Vegetableipmasia.org

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Resource Manual on IPPM in Vegetable World Education Philippines, Inc. example, which effectively suppresses weeds and reduces the incidence of seedling pests. Farmers have developed these practices through observation and trial and error. These crop production practices are transferred from generation to generation, usually consisting of farm-based technology with little dependence on outside resources. Modification of any crop production practice ultimately affects yield through complex interactions with the crop and environment. All crop production practices affect insect pest populations either positively or negatively. A single practice such as plant spacing or time of planting may produce opposite effects on different pest species. Often they counterbalance one another. The use of low fertilizer rates or draining the fields is highly effective in suppressing certain insect pests, but may result is lower yield. The development of cultural control methods requires a thorough knowledge of the life history and habitats of the insect and its plant host. Farmers must decide which cultural practices are best for their location, such as direct seeding or transplanting seedlings in a wetland environment. Advantages and Disadvantages of Cultural Control Advantages: · Most cultural control practices are inexpensive or use resources available to farmers, such as labor or indigenous materials. · Adoption of pests against a cultural control practice appears to be a much slower process than that of pesticides and resistant host plants. · Cultural control practices are generally free from environmental pollution. · Most cultural control practices are compatible with other pest management practices. Disadvantages: · Most methods suppress populations of some pests but can increase some others. · Some practices decreases pests but also decreases yield. · Many practices require community-wide adoption, which may be difficult to achieve. Cultural Control Vigorous, rapidly growing plants often outgrow pest damage. You should plant recommended cultivars, maintain fertile soil with proper pH and moisture providing your vegetable field means to outgrow pest damage. Sanitation - dispose of infested plant and trash materials that harbor pests and cultivate the soil to expose and destroy pests in the soil. Weed control - keep the garden border areas trimmed and cultivate the garden to control unwanted plants (weeds) that serve as hosts to insects that can move over to your vegetable plants. 150
Resource Manual on IPPM in Vegetable World Education Philippines, Inc. Time your plantings - many insect pests, including the corn earworm and squash bug, are less numerous early in the season and an early planting of vegetables will often escape with little to no damage. Traps are devices that collect or cause insects to congregate, such as flat boards on top of the soil in the garden. Check the traps frequently and collect and destroy the insect pests in the traps. Barriers serve to exclude pests from the crop and include the use of paper collars around the stem collar of young transplants that prevents cutworms from attacking and destroying plants. Other barriers include row covers made of transparent or translucent covers of woven plastic that allow light to enter, but block insects. Typically, these row covers are supported above the plants with hoop frames although light weight woven covers can rest on the canopy. Mechanical removal by hand picking or washing with a directed stream of water is effective for large insects or eggs and for small, soft-bodied insects or mites. Sources Lingelbach, L. and Lisa Purcell (ed.). Hands-On-Nature: Information and Activities for Exploring the Environment with Children. Vermont Institute of Natural Science. http://www.amonline.net.au/spiders http://www.entm.purdue.edu/entomology/ext/targets/e-series/e-list.htm http://www.gardenmosaics.cornell.edu http://www.okstate.edu/ag/agedcm4h/pearl/insects/grdnbugs/f-7313.pdf 151
Page 1 and 2:
Resource Manual on Integrated Produ
Page 3 and 4:
Compiled and published by: World Ed
Page 5 and 6:
ACKNOWLEDGM ENT World Education (IN
Page 7 and 8:
1. Leaves 48 2. Flower 49 3. Fruit
Page 9 and 10:
Sources 203 Part XII: Farm Record K
Page 11 and 12:
Resource Manual on IPPM in Vegetabl
Page 13 and 14:
Resource Manual on IPPM in Rice Wor
Page 15 and 16:
Page 17 and 18:
Page 19 and 20:
Page 21 and 22:
Page 23 and 24:
Page 25 and 26:
Page 27 and 28:
Page 29 and 30:
Page 31 and 32:
Page 33 and 34:
Page 35 and 36:
Page 37 and 38:
Page 39 and 40:
Page 41 and 42:
Page 43 and 44:
Page 45 and 46:
Page 47 and 48:
Page 49 and 50:
Page 51 and 52:
Page 53 and 54:
Page 55 and 56:
Page 57 and 58:
Page 59 and 60:
Page 61 and 62:
Page 63 and 64:
Page 65 and 66:
Page 67 and 68:
Page 69 and 70:
Page 71 and 72:
Page 73 and 74:
Page 75 and 76:
Page 77 and 78:
Page 79 and 80:
Page 81 and 82:
Page 83 and 84:
Page 85 and 86:
Page 87 and 88:
Page 89 and 90:
Page 91 and 92:
Page 93 and 94:
Page 95 and 96:
Page 97 and 98:
Page 99 and 100:
Page 101 and 102:
Page 103 and 104:
Page 105 and 106:
Page 107 and 108:
Page 109 and 110: Resource Manual on IPPM in Vegetabl
Page 159: Resource Manual on IPPM in Vegetabl
Page 211 and 212:
Page 213 and 214:
Page 215 and 216:
Page 217 and 218:
Page 219 and 220:
Page 221 and 222:
Page 223 and 224:
Page 225 and 226:
Page 227 and 228:
Page 229 and 230:
Page 231 and 232:
Page 233 and 234:
Page 235:
show all

(IPPM) in Vegetables - Vegetableipmasia.org

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?