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Resource Manual on IPPM in Vegetable World Education Philippines, Inc. 3. BELL PEPPER a. Introduction Sweet pepper or bell pepper is a nutritious vegetable that is gaining popularity throughout the world. Similar with other solanaceous crops, pepper is grown as cash crop because of its high market value. It is mainly used as ingredient in many food preparations. Sweet pepper can be grown successfully under local condition. Minimal labor and farm inputs are needed to produce this crop. b. Climate and soil Requirements Sweet pepper grows best in cooler areas. For best fruit quality and better yield however, planting in the months of October to February in the tropics is recommended. Sweet pepper can be grown throughout the year. Choose an area with dependable irrigation facilities and good drainage. The soil texture should be sandy loam or clay loam and the pH should range from 5.5 6.8. Table 29. Varieties of Bell Pepper Variety Maturity (DAT) Majesty F1 55 Bless F1 60 All season F1 60 65 Trinity F1 55 60 Sinagtala 60 California wonder 60 Yelo wonder 60 Lamuyo 60 Table 30. Growth Stages of Bell Pepper Growth Stages No. of Days Seedling Recovery Vegetative Flowering Fruiting Harvesting/Maturity c. Seedling Production 25 30 Days After Sowing (DAS) 5 7 Days After Transplanting 25 30 DAT 37 45 DAT 45 55 DAT 55 65 DAT One hectare requires 100-200 g of bell pepper seeds. It is best to produce seedlings in nurseries and transplant 3-4 weeks later. Prepare seedbeds by incorporating 2-4 kg of manure and 1-2 kg carbonized rice hull per square meter. Prepare 1-m wide beds at any convenient length. Water first then, make lines across the bed at 7-10 cm apart. Sow the seeds thinly and cover lightly with manure and mulch with rice hull. If the seedlings 106
Resource Manual on IPPM in Vegetable World Education Philippines, Inc. have been grown in shade, harden them off by gradually exposing them to direct sunlight over 4-5 days prior to transplanting. d. Land Preparation Plow the field once and harrow twice. Construct the furrows at row spacing of 75 cm. For small areas, make plot .75 m - 1m wide for two-row planting for every plot. e. Planting Irrigate the furrows during transplanting. Transplant 25-30 day old seedlings with a distance of 30-50 m between hills and 0.5-0.75 between rows. Depth of planting should be 4-6 cm depending on the height of seedlings. Plant missing hills five days after transplanting. f. Fertilization Amount of fertilizer to be applied depends on soil fertility recovery rate and the soil organic matter. Test the soil to determine the amount of NPK required. Forty percent (40%) of the N should be applied as basal fertilizer before transplanting. The remaining sixty percent (60%) should be side-dresses in three equal amounts at 2, 4, and 6 weeks after transplanting. Fifty percent (50%) of the P and K should be applied as basal fertilizer, and the remaining 50% should be side-dressed at 4 weeks after transplanting. g. Mulching Mulching is recommended to reduce weed competition, soil compaction and soil erosion to maintain a uniform root environment and to conserve soil moisture. Rice hull, rice straw or plastic may be used. In the case of plastic mulch, make beds 1 m wide and incorporate the required manure and fertilizer. Spread the mulch, covering the sides with soil. Make holes 50 cm x 50 cm apart. h. Irrigation Sweet peppers are fairly shallow-rooted and have low tolerance to drought or flooding. They will generally wilt and die if they stand in water for very long period so drain fields quickly after rain. i. Pests and Diseases Common pest of sweet pepper are aphids, spider mites, cutworm, fruitfly and fruit and shoot borer. Diseases attacking this crop include bacterial wilt, anthracnose, leaf spot, nematodes and viral diseases. 107
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Compiled and published by: World Ed
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ACKNOWLEDGM ENT World Education (IN
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1. Leaves 48 2. Flower 49 3. Fruit
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Sources 203 Part XII: Farm Record K
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