(IPPM) in Vegetables - Vegetableipmasia.org

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Resource Manual on IPPM in Vegetable World Education Philippines, Inc. Disease is more serious problem in onion production rather than insect pest. Different types of diseases infect the onion from seedling up to the storage which greatly reduces profit. Damping off at seedling stage and purple blotch at plantation are the most serious problem of onion. Other problems occur during its growing period are Stemphylium, downy mildew, botrytis leaf blight, cercospora leaf spot, basal plate rot and pink root disease. i. Weeding Weeds are serious problem in onion production. Yield decreases with increasing population of weeds. A weed-free condition must be observed during the first 30-45 days after transplanting or 45-60 days after seeding. Hand-pull the weeds as they appear or use selective herbicide j. Harvesting Softening of neck, color change of the leaves from green to yellow, falling over of tops and death of roots are manifestation of maturity, signs that the onions are ready to harvest. Onion is a shallow-rooted plant and usually only the roots are in contact with the soil. It is best to use hand tools like trowel or dibble to uproot the plant in order to minimize damage. Selective harvesting is suggested to avoid rapid deterioration of immature bulbs in a lot that may enhance the deterioration or more matured bulbs. 66
Resource Manual on IPPM in Vegetable World Education Philippines, Inc. 2. GARLIC a. Introduction Garlic (Allium sativum) is an erect herb, up to 60 cm tall, grown as an annual from small bulbs called cloves. The roots are adventitious and superficial. The bulb is depressed globular to avoid lateral cloves that developed from axillary buds of younger leaves. Each clove is enclosed with sheath. Real stem is very short, flattened, forming a disk at the base of the bulb. Leaves are distichous, glabrous, linear oblong, often V-shaped in section. Fruits are aborted and without seeds. b. Climate and soil requirements Garlic grows well in easily drained clay or sandy loam soils with pH of 5.5 to 6.5. It requires type 1 climate (dry from November to April). Garlic grows best under moderate temperature and rainfall. For bulbing to occur, a long photoperiod is needed. Table 9. Varieties of Garlic Variety Maturity (DAP) Nueva Ecija pink 120 Ilocos Pink 124 Ilocos white 124 Tan Bolters 105 - 120 Batanes white 120 Batangas white 120 Batangas purple 120 Table 10. Growth Stages of Garlic Growth Stage Maturity Days After Planting (DAP) Seeding 30 DAP Vegetative 55 60 DAP Bulbing 60 90 DAP Maturity 90 - 120 DAP Harvesting 120 DAP 67
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1. Leaves 48 2. Flower 49 3. Fruit
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Sources 203 Part XII: Farm Record K
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