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Climate Choices for a Sustainable Southwest 435Wheeler, S. M. 2000. Planning for metropolitan sustainability. Journal of Planning Education andResearch 20:133–145.Wiek, A., F. Farioli, K. Fukushi, and M. Yarime. 2012. Sustainability science: Bridging the gapbetween science and society. Sustainability Science 7 (Suppl. 1): 1–4.Wilkinson, C. F. 1992. Crossing the next meridian: Land, water, and the future of the West. Washington,DC: Island Press.Willson, R. W. and K. D. Brown. 2008. Carbon neutrality at the local level: Achievable goal orfantasy? Journal of the American Planning Association 74:497–504.Worster, D. 1992. Rivers of empire: Water, aridity, and the growth of the American West. Oxford:Oxford University Press.Zimmerman, R., and C. Faris. 2011. Climate change mitigation and adaptation in North Americancities. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability 3:181–187.Zweibel, K., J. Mason, and V. Fthenakis. 2008. A solar grand plan. Scientific American 298:64–73.Endnotesi Observed global emissions have accelerated from an increase of 1.1% per year in the 1990s to3.5% per year from 2000−2007 (see McMullen and Jabbour 2009). The global recession producedonly a slight drop in emissions in 2009 with the overall trend now upward again (Friedlingsteinet al. 2010; Peters et al. 2011).ii Definition adapted from NRC 2010a.iii See http://www.icleiusa.org/about-iclei/members/member-list.iv The concept of “use-inspired” basic research was originally introduced by Stokes (1997); it refersto research that seeks basic understanding while considering social needs and potentialusefulness.v The company website is at http://www.fcx.com.
Chapter 19Moving Forward with ImperfectInformationCoordinating Lead AuthorKristen Averyt (University of Colorado Boulder)lead authorsLevi D. Brekke (Bureau of Reclamation), David E. Busch (U.S. Geological Survey)contributing authorsLaurna Kaatz (Denver Water), Leigh Welling (National Park Service), Eric H. Hartge(Stanford University)review editorTom Iseman (Western Governors’ Association)Executive SummaryThis chapter summarizes the scope of what is known and not known about climate in theSouthwestern United States. There is now more evidence and more agreement amongclimate scientists about the physical climate and related impacts in the Southwest comparedwith that represented in the 2009 National Climate Assessment (Karl, Melillo, andPeterson 2009). However, there remain uncertainties about the climate system, the complexitieswithin climate models, the related impacts to the biophysical environment, andthe use of climate information in decision making.Chapter citation: Averyt, K., L. D. Brekke, D. E. Busch, L. Kaatz, L. Welling, and E. H. Hartge. 2013.“Moving Forward with Imperfect Information.” In Assessment of Climate Change in the SouthwestUnited States: A Report Prepared for the National Climate Assessment, edited by G. Garfin, A. Jardine, R.Merideth, M. Black, and S. LeRoy, 436–461. A report by the Southwest Climate Alliance. Washington,DC: Island Press.436
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National Climate Assessment Regiona
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Assessment of Climate Changein the
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Abbreviations and AcronymsxiiiNIDIS
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WEATHER AND CLIMATE OF THE SOUTHWES
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Airport infrastructure 182Vehicular
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Wildfires 317Permissive ecology 317
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20.2 Developing Research Strategies
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2 assessment of climate change in t
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10 assessment of climate change in
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Chapter 4Present Weather and Climat
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Chapter 5Present Weather and Climat
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Chapter 7Future Climate: Projected
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136 Coastal Impacts, Adaptation, an
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Chapter 8Natural EcosystemsCoordina
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Chapter 9Coastal IssuesCoordinating
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Chapter 11Agriculture and RanchingC
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Agriculture and Ranching 221water (
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Agriculture and Ranching 223additio
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Agriculture and Ranching 225Irrigat
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Agriculture and Ranching 227may exa
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Agriculture and Ranching 229Dry war
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Agriculture and Ranching 231River w
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Agriculture and Ranching 233decline
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Agriculture and Ranching 235Another
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Agriculture and Ranching 237Howitt,
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Agriculture and Ranching 239Torell,
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Energy: Supply, Demand, and Impacts
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Chapter 13Urban AreasCoordinating L
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Urban Areas 269• Monitoring for c
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Urban Areas 271Figure 13.3 FEMA 100
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Urban Areas 273Urban processes that
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Urban Areas 275Figure 13.7 Embodied
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Urban Areas 277Atmospheric CO 2conc
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Urban Areas 279infrastructure to ha
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Urban Areas 281Figure 13.10 Per cap
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Urban Areas 283in high-fire-zone ar
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Urban Areas 285California, such inv
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Urban Areas 287Figure 13.14 Number
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Figure 13.16 Average annual rainfal
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Urban Areas 291that may then become
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Urban Areas 293Eidlin, E. 2010. Wha
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Urban Areas 295Quevauviller, P. 201
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Chapter 14TransportationCoordinatin
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Transportation 299This chapter begi
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Transportation 301Transportation se
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Transportation 303Other needed chan
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Transportation 305Table 14.2 Potent
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Transportation 307Disruptions to th
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Transportation 309ReferencesAlpert,
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Transportation 311Seager, R., M. Ti
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Human Health 313establish policy gu
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Human Health 315Figure 15.1 Hazy vi
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Human Health 317Heat waves (periods
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Human Health 319expected to be more
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Human Health 321Figure 15.52010 Wil
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Human Health 323by climate in multi
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Human Health 325Figure 15.6 Duststo
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Human Health 327throughout the year
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Human Health 329Box 15.2Linking Dat
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Human Health 331Co-benefitsThough t
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Human Health 333Davis, D. H. S. 195
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Human Health 335Jack, D. W., and P.
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Human Health 337Parmenter, R. R., E
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Human Health 339Vedal, S., and S. J
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Climate Change and U.S.-Mexico Bord
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Page 408 and 409: Chapter 17Unique Challenges FacingS
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Page 506 and 507: GlossaryA2 - a greenhouse gas emiss
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Glossary 485or drift) from an exter
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Glossary 487crassulacean acid metab
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Glossary 489evapotranspiration - th
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Glossary 491heating degree days - a
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Glossary 493misery days - days wher
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Glossary 495peer-review - the revie
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Glossary 497sediment load - the amo
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Glossary 499knowledge. Two primary
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Authors and Review EditorsChapter 1
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Authors and Review Editors 503Cruz)
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Authors and Review Editors 505Chapt
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Assessment of Climate Change in the
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