Combating Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction

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The Coordinator of U.S. Assistance to the New Independent States of theFormer Soviet Union.Within the Department of State structure is the Coordinator of U.S. Assistance to the NewIndependent States (NIS) of the former Soviet Union. This position has been establishedin accordance with Section 102 of the FREEDOM Support Act. The mandate of theCoordinator is to “assure maximum coordination of efforts within the executive branch” topromote reform and policies in the NIS. The Coordinator presides over the allocation ofU.S. assistance resources, directs and coordinates the interagency process ondevelopment, funding and implementation of all bilateral assistance, trade, and investmentprograms related to the NIS. These programs include: trade and investment, business andeconomic development, training and exchange, criminal justice, energy andenvironmental, social sector and humanitarian, and security. The Coordinator is thechairman of the interagency NIS Assistance Coordination Group and is also a member ofthe Policy Steering Group for the NIS to ensure that U.S. assistance and related activitiesare consistent with and support broader foreign policy objectives. The Coordinator ismandated to work with U.S. Ambassadors to the NIS to strengthen coordinationmechanisms in the field and increase the effectiveness of our assistance and export andinvestment programs on the ground. The Coordinator reports to the Secretary of State.The Role of the Department of State in International Proliferation-relatedEffortsThe Department of State is the lead for the conduct of diplomacy and representation of theU.S. overseas, and the advocate of U.S. policies for foreign governments and internationalinstitutions. As such, State interacts extensively with foreign governments and multilateralorganizations on non-proliferation issues. These efforts include, but are not limited to,leading U.S. delegations in numerous multilateral bodies and negotiations, includinginternational proliferation-related treaty negotiations, export control regimes such as theAustralia Group and the Nuclear Supplier Group, and in many G-8 and NATO proliferationrelateddiscussions.The Department holds regular bilateral proliferation-related talks, in Washington and incapitals, with the United Kingdom, Israel, Australia and the European Union, during whichthe full range of proliferation-related concerns are discussed and joint courses of action areidentified. State often writes instructions to U.S embassies to deliver messages to hostgovernments that may address such issues as halting an export to a country of concern,or seeking coordination of public reaction to the South Asian nuclear tests. In the UnitedNations Security Council, State coordinates efforts to consult both in New York and incapitals on issues of proliferation concern.28
The Science Centers are established under multilateral agreements, funded by variousgovernments, and have a number of mechanisms for coordination between governments.The main goal of the Science Centers is to provide peaceful research opportunities toqualified NIS scientists and engineers who are experts in WMD and their delivery systems.The Science Centers process direct, tax-free payments of grants to participating NISscientists and have access to project facilities for international auditing and technicalmonitoring. Both Science Centers are run by Governing Boards, with representatives fromeach of the governments that signed the original agreements.State has the lead for negotiating and implementing proliferation-related treaties, includingthe NPT and several treaties establishing regional nuclear-weapons-free zones. State alsohas leadership responsibilities in ongoing U.S. efforts to strengthen the IAEA safeguardsand BWC verification and the development of verification for the future Fissile MaterialControl Treaty.29
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CombatingProliferation ofWeapons of
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ContentsExecutive Summary vIntroduc
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Executive SummaryEvery American sho
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Similarly, the Commission assessed
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ole as a supplier of ballistic miss
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economic, political, and diplomatic
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Sixth, we must prepare for the thre
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82A (45p x 55p)
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An improved mechanism for White Hou
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esolved before the meetings occur.
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In advising the President and ViceP
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Recommendation 2.3: The President s
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Chapter 3Managing the Interagency P
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the CPC will need to set program re
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Agency Budget ProcessesRecommendati
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The Persian Gulf War gave vivid war
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One example of poor coordination is
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The lengthy time required for techn
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• facilitating other countries’
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efficiently among the departments,
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organizations about proliferation t
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The Proper Role of Export Controls
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Second, many of the countries that
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function is shared as a statutory r
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coherent and effective non-prolifer
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and training opportunities that wil
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The Commission believes this reorga
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Responding to Proliferation that Ha
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Recommendation 5.4: The National Di
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545B (45p x 28p)
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• Second, DoD elements are still
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(3) Maintain the regional responsib
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5C (45p x 33p)61
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and related areas (such as instrume
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Recommendation 5.10: DOE’s prolif
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While there has been considerable p
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Recommendation 5.13: The President
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Recommendation 5.16: The Director o
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own export control system. This eff
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For a variety of reasons, however,
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In theory, all goods leaving or ent
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Committee on Foreign Investment in
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context. The results of this assess
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when grand jury secrecy no longer a
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The FBI’s National Security Divis
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Commission notes that the FBI has i
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Departments of Health and Human Ser
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Department of AgricultureThe Depart
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As discussed in Chapter 3, collabor
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SEC. 711. ESTABLISHMENT OF COMMISSI
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(C) existing arrangements governing
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serve without compensation in addit
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(a) Extension of Deadline for Submi
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on the Senate Budget and Commerce,
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106
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Richard K. BettsCouncil on Foreign
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William CohenSecretary of DefenseCo
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EWilliam EckertDepartment of StateR
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Thomas GrahamSecond Choice Foundati
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Robert JosephDirector for Counterpr
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Jacob L. LewDirectorOffice of Manag
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Michael MoodiePresidentChemical and
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Paul RobinsonPresident and Laborato
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Owen J. SheaksSpecial AdvisorVerifi
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Bonni G. TischlerAssistant Commissi
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Gillian WoollettAssociate VP for Bi
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7. List and describe the authoritie
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17. What deficiencies and strengths
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Subgroup on Nuclear Export Coordina
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Groups Addressing WMD Accident, Eme
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IAEA Steering CommitteeChair: State
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Title (Legislation that Contains Re
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Appendix G: Resource Allocation—B
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Department of State• NDF• NIS e
Page 163 and 164: Department of Agriculture• Select
Page 165 and 166: AbbreviationsAGARSCBRNCDCCFIUSCPDCT
Page 167 and 168: Appendix H: Technology AcquisitionA
Page 169 and 170: to change; up-to-date data should b
Page 171 and 172: this activity: the Materials Protec
Page 173 and 174: National Goal: Military Action (Inc
Page 175 and 176: • PE 602715BR: Hard Target Defeat
Page 177 and 178: • Active defensesTechnology Progr
Page 179 and 180: that provides an order-of-magnitude
Page 181 and 182: Additional ViewsAdditional Views of
Page 183 and 184: The following is a brief outline of
Page 185 and 186: Additional Views of Margo D. B. Car
Page 187 and 188: Annex:Organizational OverviewsExecu
Page 189 and 190: policies through a briefing schedul
Page 191 and 192: The current Senior Director, as wit
Page 193 and 194: Although responsibility for prolife
Page 195 and 196: • the Under Secretary of Defense
Page 197 and 198: Treaty negotiations, U.S. nuclear p
Page 199 and 200: • integrated national policies fo
Page 201 and 202: President with the Prime Minister o
Page 203 and 204: A small secretariat guides the day-
Page 205 and 206: U.S.-Russia Proliferation Issues in
Page 207 and 208: and procedures; assessing competing
Page 209 and 210: Senate, and who is also dual-hatted
Page 211 and 212: Department of StateThe Non-prolifer
Page 213: (CTBT). The Verification and Compli
Page 217 and 218: Enhancing Export Controls 3Demilita
Page 219 and 220: KazakhstanRussiaStrategic Offensive
Page 221 and 222: UkraineThis assistance is to preven
Page 223 and 224: esource management, and to improve
Page 225 and 226: This expansion will cover the secur
Page 227 and 228: esearch and development in areas su
Page 229 and 230: warfighting plans are developed in
Page 231 and 232: The office of the Assistant Secreta
Page 233 and 234: Directive 5134.9, and is responsibl
Page 235 and 236: • The Counter-proliferation Progr
Page 237 and 238: 4 Mitigate the Effects of WMD Use5
Page 239 and 240: U.S. Army Top Ranked Specific Milit
Page 241 and 242: • The Director, Defense Research
Page 243 and 244: Technology—has primary oversight
Page 245 and 246: • Recommendation 1 to reinforce t
Page 247 and 248: AEC’s successor agencies, the Dep
Page 249 and 250: Components of NN-40 include the Int
Page 251 and 252: ensure excess fissile material no l
Page 253 and 254: X07, 18x24• participate with the
Page 255 and 256: Nuclear Regulatory CommissionBackgr
Page 257 and 258: Office of International Programs. T
Page 259 and 260: The Intelligence CommunityThe Intel
Page 261 and 262: The DCI Nonproliferation Center, un
Page 263 and 264: Findings of the Aspin-Brown and Jer
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Department of CommerceThe Bureau of
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Office of Exporter Services. In add
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The OC weighs the intelligence info
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important weapon in BXA’s arsenal
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Non-proliferation and Export Contro
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The Customs Service’s response to
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An additional benefit to the Bureau
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The Exon-Florio provision does not
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Combating Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction

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