Combating Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction

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preparing the President’s and Vice President’s remarks for such meetings, as well assculpting their public statements and speeches.While proliferation-related diplomacy is primarily the responsibility of the StateDepartment, the National Director will also be a valuable resource for the Department touse in meetings below the Presidential level, whether in Washington or abroad. Foreignvisitors who may not see the President or Vice President recognize that a meeting with asenior White House official, such as the National Director, conveys a powerful message ofemphasis. Likewise, when U.S. officials meet with foreign counterparts in their countries,the inclusion of the National Director on some occasions can give extraordinary emphasisto the proliferation message.Improving the Effectiveness of International OrganizationsThe United States cooperates on proliferation-related matters with several types ofinternational organizations, including the United Nations; military alliances such as NATO;arms control treaty review and compliance organizations such as the Organization for theProhibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW); export control regime monitoringorganizations such as the Nuclear Suppliers Committee, Zangger Committee, andAustralia Group; and special proliferation-related activities such as the Korean PeninsulaEnergy Development Organization.The Commission applauds the efforts of the United States to support the activities of theseinternational organizations. Generally, the Commission found that American leadership,expertise, and funding energizes and drives the work of these organizations. Whetherpushing the WMD Initiative at the 1999 NATO Summit, providing inspectors to the UnitedNations Special Commission on Iraq, or encouraging China to join the Missile TechnologyControl Regime, the United States is at the forefront of the effort to make proliferationrelatedinternational organizations more effective.Intelligence Sharing with Foreign Governments and InternationalOrganizationsRecommendation 3.13: The Director of Central Intelligence should introduce adisciplined procedure for approaching key allies and international organizations forthe purpose of expanding intelligence cooperation.The Commission noted that intelligence sharing is a valuable tool for building support forU.S. efforts to combat proliferation, but one that carries serious risks. Government officialsneed to balance the advantages to be gained from informing allies and international34
organizations about proliferation threats or supporting enforcement operations against theneed to maintain the security of U.S. intelligence sources and methods. Moreover, atpresent intelligence sharing generally takes place at the individual agency level, and thereis no coordinated effort by the government to identify the highest priority opportunities forcooperation, or to determine a unified Intelligence Community approach either to friendlygovernments and their intelligence services or to international organizations. TheCommission endorses carefully planned and securely executed intelligence-sharingactivities to strengthen multilateral support for our proliferation policy.3C (36p x 16p)35
Page 1: CombatingProliferation ofWeapons of
Page 7 and 8: ContentsExecutive Summary vIntroduc
Page 9: Executive SummaryEvery American sho
Page 12 and 13: Similarly, the Commission assessed
Page 14 and 15: ole as a supplier of ballistic miss
Page 16 and 17: economic, political, and diplomatic
Page 18 and 19: Sixth, we must prepare for the thre
Page 20 and 21: 82A (45p x 55p)
Page 22 and 23: An improved mechanism for White Hou
Page 24 and 25: esolved before the meetings occur.
Page 26 and 27: In advising the President and ViceP
Page 28: Recommendation 2.3: The President s
Page 31 and 32: Chapter 3Managing the Interagency P
Page 33 and 34: the CPC will need to set program re
Page 35 and 36: Agency Budget ProcessesRecommendati
Page 37 and 38: The Persian Gulf War gave vivid war
Page 39 and 40: One example of poor coordination is
Page 41 and 42: The lengthy time required for techn
Page 43 and 44: • facilitating other countries’
Page 45: efficiently among the departments,
Page 50 and 51: The Proper Role of Export Controls
Page 52 and 53: Second, many of the countries that
Page 54 and 55: function is shared as a statutory r
Page 56 and 57: coherent and effective non-prolifer
Page 58 and 59: and training opportunities that wil
Page 60 and 61: The Commission believes this reorga
Page 62 and 63: Responding to Proliferation that Ha
Page 64 and 65: Recommendation 5.4: The National Di
Page 66 and 67: 545B (45p x 28p)
Page 68 and 69: • Second, DoD elements are still
Page 71 and 72: (3) Maintain the regional responsib
Page 73 and 74: 5C (45p x 33p)61
Page 75 and 76: and related areas (such as instrume
Page 77 and 78: Recommendation 5.10: DOE’s prolif
Page 79 and 80: While there has been considerable p
Page 81 and 82: Recommendation 5.13: The President
Page 83 and 84: Recommendation 5.16: The Director o
Page 85 and 86: own export control system. This eff
Page 87 and 88: For a variety of reasons, however,
Page 89 and 90: In theory, all goods leaving or ent
Page 91 and 92: Committee on Foreign Investment in
Page 93 and 94: context. The results of this assess
Page 95 and 96: when grand jury secrecy no longer a
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The FBI’s National Security Divis
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Commission notes that the FBI has i
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Departments of Health and Human Ser
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Department of AgricultureThe Depart
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As discussed in Chapter 3, collabor
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SEC. 711. ESTABLISHMENT OF COMMISSI
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(C) existing arrangements governing
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serve without compensation in addit
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(a) Extension of Deadline for Submi
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on the Senate Budget and Commerce,
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106
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Richard K. BettsCouncil on Foreign
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William CohenSecretary of DefenseCo
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EWilliam EckertDepartment of StateR
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Thomas GrahamSecond Choice Foundati
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Robert JosephDirector for Counterpr
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Jacob L. LewDirectorOffice of Manag
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Michael MoodiePresidentChemical and
Page 134 and 135:
Paul RobinsonPresident and Laborato
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Owen J. SheaksSpecial AdvisorVerifi
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Bonni G. TischlerAssistant Commissi
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Gillian WoollettAssociate VP for Bi
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7. List and describe the authoritie
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17. What deficiencies and strengths
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Subgroup on Nuclear Export Coordina
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Groups Addressing WMD Accident, Eme
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IAEA Steering CommitteeChair: State
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Title (Legislation that Contains Re
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Page 156 and 157:
Page 159 and 160:
Appendix G: Resource Allocation—B
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Department of State• NDF• NIS e
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Department of Agriculture• Select
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AbbreviationsAGARSCBRNCDCCFIUSCPDCT
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Appendix H: Technology AcquisitionA
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to change; up-to-date data should b
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this activity: the Materials Protec
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National Goal: Military Action (Inc
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• PE 602715BR: Hard Target Defeat
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• Active defensesTechnology Progr
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that provides an order-of-magnitude
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Additional ViewsAdditional Views of
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The following is a brief outline of
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Additional Views of Margo D. B. Car
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Annex:Organizational OverviewsExecu
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policies through a briefing schedul
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The current Senior Director, as wit
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Although responsibility for prolife
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• the Under Secretary of Defense
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Treaty negotiations, U.S. nuclear p
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• integrated national policies fo
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President with the Prime Minister o
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A small secretariat guides the day-
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U.S.-Russia Proliferation Issues in
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and procedures; assessing competing
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Senate, and who is also dual-hatted
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Department of StateThe Non-prolifer
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(CTBT). The Verification and Compli
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The Science Centers are established
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Enhancing Export Controls 3Demilita
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KazakhstanRussiaStrategic Offensive
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UkraineThis assistance is to preven
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esource management, and to improve
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This expansion will cover the secur
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esearch and development in areas su
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warfighting plans are developed in
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The office of the Assistant Secreta
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Directive 5134.9, and is responsibl
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• The Counter-proliferation Progr
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4 Mitigate the Effects of WMD Use5
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U.S. Army Top Ranked Specific Milit
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• The Director, Defense Research
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Technology—has primary oversight
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• Recommendation 1 to reinforce t
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AEC’s successor agencies, the Dep
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Components of NN-40 include the Int
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ensure excess fissile material no l
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X07, 18x24• participate with the
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Nuclear Regulatory CommissionBackgr
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Office of International Programs. T
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The Intelligence CommunityThe Intel
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The DCI Nonproliferation Center, un
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Findings of the Aspin-Brown and Jer
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Department of CommerceThe Bureau of
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Office of Exporter Services. In add
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The OC weighs the intelligence info
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important weapon in BXA’s arsenal
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Non-proliferation and Export Contro
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The Customs Service’s response to
Page 277 and 278:
An additional benefit to the Bureau
Page 279:
The Exon-Florio provision does not
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Combating Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction

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