Combating Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction

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and the Deputy Assistant to the Secretary of Defense for Counterproliferation/Chemicaland Biological Defense. The chemical and biologicaldefense program is divided into the following topical areas: contaminationavoidance, individual protection, collective protection, decontamination,medical chemical defense, medical biological defense and modeling andsimulation. It is of note that there are few nuclear or radiological defenseelements in spite of the committee’s name. For 1999, the capabilitiessupported by the chemical and biological defense program are shown in thetable belowCapabilities Supported by the Chemical and Biological Defense Program for 1999Cross-referenced to the Commander-in-Chief’s Counter-proliferation Capabilities Priority ListPri Description1 Provide individual protection to forces and assist allies/coalition partners3 Provide collective protection to forces and assist allies/coalition partners4 Mitigate the effects of WMD use5 Detect employment of WMD• The Joint NBC Defense Board, which works the Program OperatingMemorandum and provides overall management, is co-chaired by the ArmyVice Chief of Staff and the Assistant Secretary of the Army for Research andDevelopment; It has two sub-elements, one for requirements and one forexecution management:*The Joint Service Integration Group—led by the Army—which works onService/SOF requirements, and reviews doctrine, training, plans andService Program Operating Memoranda. It includes a medical program subpanelchaired by the Senior Clinical Consultant for the Army MedicalDepartment Center and School and serves to identify chemical andbiological defense-based medical programs identified by the Department ofDefense’s medical community, and*The Joint Service Management Group—led by the Army—which coordinatesresearch and development planning, provides technical oversight, developsProgram Operating Memoranda strategy, and reviews research,development, and acquisition and technology base programs.There are a series of “commodity areas” led by program managers from the variousservices: the Army leads contamination avoidance and medical issues; the Air Force leadsdecontamination; the Marines lead in individual protection; and the Navy leads in collectiveprotection (in ships, aircraft, building complexes, etc.) and modeling and simulation. Themodeling and simulation commodity area reports to the Joint Service Integration Group,presumably to help establish requirements; all others report in to the Joint Service MaterialGroup;54
• The Director, Defense Research and Engineering’s Defense Science andTechnology Advisory Group Steering Committee develops plans to provideprogramming guidance for the Department of Defense Science andTechnology community, including NBC defense research. The three plansare the:*Basic Research Plan (BRP), which presents the Department of Defenseobjectives and investment strategy for the Department-sponsored BasicResearch (6.1) performed by universities, industry, and service laboratories.In addition, it presents the planned investment in each of ten technicaldisciplines. They include Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics and ComputerSciences, Electronics, Materials Science, Mechanics, Ocean and TerrestrialSciences, Atmospheric and Space Sciences, Biological Sciences, andCognitive and Neural Science;*Joint Warfighting Science and Technology Plan (JWSTP), a joint perspectivehorizontally across the Applied Research (6.2) and Advanced TechnologyDevelopment (6.3) plans of the services and defense to ensure that theScience and Technology program supports priority future joint warfightingcapabilities. The Joint Requirements Oversight Council has endorsed theJoint Warfighting Science and Technology Plan planning process andmethodology and the Joint Warfighting Capability Objectives used in thedevelopment of the Joint Warfighting Science and Technology Plan; and*Defense Technology Area Plan (DTAP), which presents the Department ofDefense objectives and the Applied Research (6.2) and AdvancedTechnology Development (6.3) investment strategy for technologies criticalto Department of Defense acquisition plans, service warfighter capabilities,and the JWSTP. It also takes a horizontal perspective across the service anddefense agency efforts, thereby charting the total Department of Defenseinvestment for a given technology. The Defense Technology Area Plandocuments the focus, content, and principal objectives of the overallDepartment of Defense science and technology efforts. This plan providesa sound basis for acquisition decisions and is structured to respond to theDeputy Under Secretary of Defense for Science and Technology’s emphasison rapid transition of technology to the operational forces.It is reported in the 1999 Department of Defense’s Annual report to Congress on NuclearBiological and Chemical Defense that the Defense Threat Reduction Agency’s Chemicaland Biological Defense Directorate prepares relevant portions of the these threedocuments by March of each year. This implies that as a member of the Office of theSecretary of Defense’s Nuclear, Biological and Chemical Defense Steering Committee,the activities of the chemical and biological defense program are reflected in thedevelopment process for the defense technology objectives (shown below). However, thecorrelation of the investment strategies of the Defense Technology Area Plan with those55
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CombatingProliferation ofWeapons of
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ContentsExecutive Summary vIntroduc
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Executive SummaryEvery American sho
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Similarly, the Commission assessed
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ole as a supplier of ballistic miss
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economic, political, and diplomatic
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Sixth, we must prepare for the thre
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82A (45p x 55p)
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An improved mechanism for White Hou
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esolved before the meetings occur.
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In advising the President and ViceP
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Recommendation 2.3: The President s
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Chapter 3Managing the Interagency P
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the CPC will need to set program re
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Agency Budget ProcessesRecommendati
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The Persian Gulf War gave vivid war
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One example of poor coordination is
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The lengthy time required for techn
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• facilitating other countries’
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efficiently among the departments,
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organizations about proliferation t
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The Proper Role of Export Controls
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Second, many of the countries that
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function is shared as a statutory r
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coherent and effective non-prolifer
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and training opportunities that wil
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The Commission believes this reorga
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Responding to Proliferation that Ha
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Recommendation 5.4: The National Di
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545B (45p x 28p)
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• Second, DoD elements are still
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(3) Maintain the regional responsib
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5C (45p x 33p)61
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and related areas (such as instrume
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Recommendation 5.10: DOE’s prolif
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While there has been considerable p
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Recommendation 5.13: The President
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Recommendation 5.16: The Director o
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own export control system. This eff
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For a variety of reasons, however,
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In theory, all goods leaving or ent
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Committee on Foreign Investment in
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context. The results of this assess
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when grand jury secrecy no longer a
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The FBI’s National Security Divis
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Commission notes that the FBI has i
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Departments of Health and Human Ser
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Department of AgricultureThe Depart
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As discussed in Chapter 3, collabor
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SEC. 711. ESTABLISHMENT OF COMMISSI
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(C) existing arrangements governing
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serve without compensation in addit
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(a) Extension of Deadline for Submi
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on the Senate Budget and Commerce,
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106
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Richard K. BettsCouncil on Foreign
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William CohenSecretary of DefenseCo
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EWilliam EckertDepartment of StateR
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Thomas GrahamSecond Choice Foundati
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Robert JosephDirector for Counterpr
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Jacob L. LewDirectorOffice of Manag
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Michael MoodiePresidentChemical and
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Paul RobinsonPresident and Laborato
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Owen J. SheaksSpecial AdvisorVerifi
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Bonni G. TischlerAssistant Commissi
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Gillian WoollettAssociate VP for Bi
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7. List and describe the authoritie
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17. What deficiencies and strengths
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Subgroup on Nuclear Export Coordina
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Groups Addressing WMD Accident, Eme
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IAEA Steering CommitteeChair: State
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Title (Legislation that Contains Re
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Appendix G: Resource Allocation—B
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Department of State• NDF• NIS e
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Department of Agriculture• Select
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AbbreviationsAGARSCBRNCDCCFIUSCPDCT
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Appendix H: Technology AcquisitionA
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to change; up-to-date data should b
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this activity: the Materials Protec
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National Goal: Military Action (Inc
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• PE 602715BR: Hard Target Defeat
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• Active defensesTechnology Progr
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that provides an order-of-magnitude
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Additional ViewsAdditional Views of
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The following is a brief outline of
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Additional Views of Margo D. B. Car
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Annex:Organizational OverviewsExecu
Page 189 and 190: policies through a briefing schedul
Page 191 and 192: The current Senior Director, as wit
Page 193 and 194: Although responsibility for prolife
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Page 197 and 198: Treaty negotiations, U.S. nuclear p
Page 199 and 200: • integrated national policies fo
Page 201 and 202: President with the Prime Minister o
Page 203 and 204: A small secretariat guides the day-
Page 205 and 206: U.S.-Russia Proliferation Issues in
Page 207 and 208: and procedures; assessing competing
Page 209 and 210: Senate, and who is also dual-hatted
Page 211 and 212: Department of StateThe Non-prolifer
Page 213 and 214: (CTBT). The Verification and Compli
Page 215 and 216: The Science Centers are established
Page 217 and 218: Enhancing Export Controls 3Demilita
Page 219 and 220: KazakhstanRussiaStrategic Offensive
Page 221 and 222: UkraineThis assistance is to preven
Page 223 and 224: esource management, and to improve
Page 225 and 226: This expansion will cover the secur
Page 227 and 228: esearch and development in areas su
Page 229 and 230: warfighting plans are developed in
Page 231 and 232: The office of the Assistant Secreta
Page 233 and 234: Directive 5134.9, and is responsibl
Page 235 and 236: • The Counter-proliferation Progr
Page 237 and 238: 4 Mitigate the Effects of WMD Use5
Page 239: U.S. Army Top Ranked Specific Milit
Page 243 and 244: Technology—has primary oversight
Page 245 and 246: • Recommendation 1 to reinforce t
Page 247 and 248: AEC’s successor agencies, the Dep
Page 249 and 250: Components of NN-40 include the Int
Page 251 and 252: ensure excess fissile material no l
Page 253 and 254: X07, 18x24• participate with the
Page 255 and 256: Nuclear Regulatory CommissionBackgr
Page 257 and 258: Office of International Programs. T
Page 259 and 260: The Intelligence CommunityThe Intel
Page 261 and 262: The DCI Nonproliferation Center, un
Page 263 and 264: Findings of the Aspin-Brown and Jer
Page 265 and 266: Department of CommerceThe Bureau of
Page 267 and 268: Office of Exporter Services. In add
Page 269 and 270: The OC weighs the intelligence info
Page 271 and 272: important weapon in BXA’s arsenal
Page 273 and 274: Non-proliferation and Export Contro
Page 275 and 276: The Customs Service’s response to
Page 277 and 278: An additional benefit to the Bureau
Page 279: The Exon-Florio provision does not
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Combating Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction

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