Combating Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction

• Civil aviation access to ports of entry• Trade access to industrial, agricultural, and service markets• Support for nations abroad through international financial institutions• Military training and related services• The sale of surplus defense commodities• Official travel visas• Access to financial markets• Access to advanced technology• Government-sponsored export credit and insuranceObtaining and Efficiently Using Funding for Combating Proliferation.Recommendation 5.3: The National Director, the Secretary of State, andCongress should consider ways to enhance the use of the Foreign Assistance andSecurity Assistance programs to achieve proliferation-related objectives, includingreducing existing constraints on how the funds can be used, as well as ways to usethe flexibility provided by the Nonproliferation and Disarmament Fund (NDF) moreaggressively, and expand the precedent established by the NDF authorities morebroadly in international affairs accounts.The Commission believes that both the foreign and security assistance programs arecurrently too constrained by limitations on the reallocation of funds under congressionaldirection to be used effectively as policy instruments for proliferation contingencies. TheForeign Assistance program, in particular, has accumulated nearly forty years of earmarksand extra-statutory obligation restrictions. It is surrounded by a powerful set of supplier andrecipient constituencies that severely constrain the ability of the Department to addressfast-breaking policy objectives in a timely way. An illustration of a program with responsiveresource allocation provisions is State’s Nonproliferation and Disarmament Fund (about$15 million per year), which can be used aggressively to address proliferation issues asthey arise. This model could be applied with appropriate modifications to other accountsin the foreign assistance program. Under the Commission’s proposal outlined in Chapter3, the National Director should require a full accounting of how NDF funds are expendedeach year as part of the resource allocation review and evaluation.51