Collected Works of V. I. Lenin - Vol. 16 - From Marx to Mao

450 NOTES678910Altogether 50 issues appeared (the first 20 in Vyborg, Finland).From February 13 (26) to December 1 (14), 1908, Proletary waspublished in Geneva, and from January 8 (21) to November 28(December 11), 1909, in Paris. It printed over 100 articles anditems by Lenin. During the Stolypin reaction it played an outstandingpart in preserving and strengthening the Bolshevik organisations.p. 15Pravda (of Vienna)—a Menshevik newspaper, the factional organof Trotsky, published in 1908-12 in Vienna. Under cover of “nonfactionalism”,it took up a liquidationist position on all mainissues, and also supported the otzovists and ultimatumists. In1912, Trotsky and his Pravda were the organisers of the anti-PartyAugust bloc. p. 16FROM MARXTO MAOS.—Silvestr Djibladze—a Georgian Menshevik liquidator. p. 16Toy manikins—the name given in a story with this title by M. Y.Saltykov-Shchedrin to the dolls of whom Izuverov, the skilful⋆workman who made them, said: “They have no brains, they donothing, they have no desires, but instead just an outward appearance.”p. 17G. V. Plekhanov was a member of the editorial board of the Menshevikorgan Golos Sotsial-Demokrata. The newspaper’s developmenttowards liquidationism caused Plekhanov to disagree withthe other editors. In December 1908 he virtually ceased to takepart in the newspaper, first of all giving notice of his resignationNOT FORCOMMERCIALDISTRIBUTIONfrom the editorial board of the five-volume work, The SocialMovement in Russia, published by the liquidators, and laterfrom the editorial board of Golos as well. Plekhanov’s formal resignationfrom the latter occurred on May 13 (26), 1909. p. 17Otzovists, otzovism (from the Russian word otozvat—recall)—anopportunist trend which arose among a section of the Bolsheviksafter the defeat of the 1905-07 Revolution. The otzovists demandedthe recall of the Social-Democratic deputies from the Duma and theabandonment of work in legal organisations. In 1908 the otzovistsformed a special group and carried on a struggle against Lenin.They refused to take part in the Duma, in the trade unions, cooperativesand other mass legal or semi-legal organisations, andtried to confine themselves to illegal work. Under cover of “revolutionary”phraseology, they hindered the extension of the Party’sconnections with wide sections of the working class, pursued a policythat cut the Party off from the masses, and thereby weakenedthe Party. Lenin sharply criticised the otzovists and called them“liquidators of a new type” and “Mensheviks inside-out”.Ultimatumists, ultimatumism—a variety of otzovism. The ultimatumistsproposed that an ultimatum should be presented to theSocial-Democratic Duma group as a preliminary and, on its nonfulfilment,that the Social-Democratic deputies should be withdrawnfrom the Duma.