Temperature - European Investment Bank

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WEST AFRICAN POWER POOL (WAPP) PÖYRY ENERGY LTD. Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP 2012-09-18 ESIA Report Page 208 26.1.3.2 The Dam Breaching Event of 1990 An analysis of the consequences of the breaching which occurred in 1990 could provide indications on the type of effects to be expected in such an event, which in turn could be valuable information for the design of the Disaster Preparedness Plan that will have to be prepared. However, no information describing the effects of this event has been found. Given the situation of the country at that time, this is not surprising. 26.1.3.3 Warning Systems In any case, it will be necessary to have an information and warning system combined with very slow opening of the gates and slow water flow increase to allow people to escape from the river. Danger zones inside the reservoir near the intake and flood gates needs to be secured preventing people (fishermen) to have access to these zones (500 m downstream and 1000 m upstream of the dam site). Mechanical and electrical equipment should also be fenced to protect people. An organisation which is in charge of this warning system, the dam monitoring and the handling of the emergency situation has to be implemented. 26.1.4 Effect of Dam Breaching The Dam Safety report mentioned above also provides a preliminary analysis of the immediate effects of a breaching of the dam. According to this report, the maximum flood wave resulting from such an event would be reduced to less than 0.6 m approximately 3 km below the dam. No infrastructure and no houses are located in immediate vicinity of the dam along this part of the river. This has been analysed in more detail by Stanley Consultants who carried out a modelling of changes in water level due to dam failure for different scenarios. The scenarios were a dam failure during an event of PMF (Probable Maximum Flood) and fractions of PMF (0.75, 0.5, 0.4 and 0.2) and a case called "sunny day", i.e. assuming overtopping and breaching of the dam in conditions of normal to low flow in the river. the results are illustrated and commented shortly below. The Figures show: � differences in maximum flood elevation in the case of a dam breach during a PMF event or floods of a fraction of PMF; � the same situation with the additional "sunny day" case; and � maximum flood elevations without and with dam failure for two cases, namely, PMF and "sunny day".
WEST AFRICAN POWER POOL (WAPP) PÖYRY ENERGY LTD. Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP 2012-09-18 ESIA Report Page 209 Increase in max water surface. (m) 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 0 5'000 10'000 15'000 20'000 25'000 30'000 Figure 26-2: Difference in maximum flood elevation during flood events Increase in max water surface (m) 4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 Increase in maximum flood elevation due to dam failure Distance downstream of dam (m) Figure 26-3: Difference in maximum flood elevation: sunny day PMF 0.75PMF 0.5PMF 0.4PMF 0.3PMF 0.2PMF Increase in maximum flood elevation due to dam failure 0 5'000 10'000 15'000 20'000 25'000 30'000 Distance downstream of dam (m) PMF 0.75PMF 0.5PMF 0.4PMF 0.3PMF 0.2PMF Sunny day
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Temperature - European Investment Bank

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