Temperature - European Investment Bank

WEST AFRICAN POWER POOL (WAPP) PÖYRY ENERGY LTD.
Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP 2012-09-18
ESIA Report Page iii
5 THE ENVIRONMENT: GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS ........................................ 25
5.1 Main Environmental Impacts of Hydropower Projects ..................................................... 25
5.2 The Case of Mt. Coffee HPP ........................................................................................... 26
PART B SECTORAL STUDIES .................................................................................................. 27
I. THE PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT ............................................................................. 28
6 GEOLOGY AND SOILS ............................................................................................... 28
6.1 Theoretical Considerations .............................................................................................. 28
6.2 Geology ........................................................................................................................... 28
6.3 Soils ................................................................................................................................ 29
6.4 Impacts ............................................................................................................................ 30
6.5 Mitigation Measures ........................................................................................................ 30
7 CLIMATE ...................................................................................................................... 31
7.1 Theoretical Considerations .............................................................................................. 31
7.2 Climatic Situation ............................................................................................................ 32
7.2.1 Temperature .................................................................................................................... 33
7.2.2 Precipitation .................................................................................................................... 34
7.3 Effects of Mt. Coffee Reservoir on Local Climate ........................................................... 35
7.4 Climate Change ............................................................................................................... 35
8 WATER .......................................................................................................................... 36
8.1 Theoretical Considerations .............................................................................................. 36
8.1.1 Downstream Hydrology ................................................................................................... 36
8.1.2 Residual Flow .................................................................................................................. 36
8.1.3 Changing River to Lake Habitat ....................................................................................... 37
8.1.4 Water Quality .................................................................................................................. 37
8.2 Hydrology: River Discharge Downstream of the Dam ..................................................... 38
8.2.1 Present Situation .............................................................................................................. 38
8.2.2 Plant Operation ................................................................................................................ 39
8.2.3 Residual Flow .................................................................................................................. 41
8.2.3.1 Need for Residual Flow ................................................................................................... 41
8.2.3.2 Options ............................................................................................................................ 43
8.2.3.3 Evaluation of Options ...................................................................................................... 44
8.2.3.4 Recommendations ........................................................................................................... 46
8.2.3.5 Small Unit for Turbining Residual Flow .......................................................................... 47
8.2.3.6 River Management Measures ........................................................................................... 48
8.3 Water Use ........................................................................................................................ 49
8.3.1 Present Situation .............................................................................................................. 49
8.3.2 Project Impacts ................................................................................................................ 49
8.3.3 Recommendations ........................................................................................................... 49
8.4 Water Quality .................................................................................................................. 50
8.4.1 Present Situation .............................................................................................................. 50
8.4.2 Project Impacts ................................................................................................................ 51
8.4.3 Other Sources of Contamination ...................................................................................... 51