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ENVIRONMENT, hOUSING, ANd MANAGEMENT 101Thigpen JE, Lebetkin EH, Dawes ML, Clark JL, Langley CL, Amy HL, Crawford D. 1989. Astandard procedure for measuring rodent bedding particle size and dust content. LabAnim Sci 39:60-62.Thigpen JE, Setchell KDR, Ahlmark KB, Locklear J, Spahr T, Caviness GF, Goelz MF, HasemanJK, Newbold RR, Forsythe DB. 1999. Phytoestrogen content of purified, open- and closedformulalaboratory animal diets. Lab Anim Sci 49:530-539.Thigpen JE, Setchell KDR, Saunders HE, Haseman JK, Grant MG, Forsythe DB. 2004. Selectingthe appropriate rodent diet for endocrine disruptor research and testing studies. ILAR J45:401-416.Tompkins JA, Tsai C. 1976. Survival time and lethal exposure time for the blacknose daceexposed to free chlorine and chloramines. Trans Am Fish Soc 105:313-321.Torreilles SL, Green SL. 2007. Refuge cover decreases the incidence of bite wounds in laboratorySouth African clawed frogs (Xenopus laeis). JAALAS 46:33-36.Torronen R, Pelkonen K, Karenlampi S. 1989. Enzyme-inducing and cytotoxic effects of woodbasedmaterials used as bedding for laboratory animals: Comparison by a cell culturestudy. Life Sci 45:559-565.Totten M. 1958. Ringtail in newborn Norway rats: A study of the effect of environmental temperatureand humidity on incidence. J Hygiene 56:190-196.Tsai PP, Stelzer HD, Hedrich HJ, Hackbarth H. 2003. Are the effects of different enrichmentdesigns on the physiology and behaviour of DBA/2 mice consistent? Lab Anim37:314-327.Tsutsui S, Tasumi S, Suetake H, Kikuchi K, Suzuki Y. 2005. Demonstration of the mucosal lectinsin the epithelial cells of internal and external body surface tissues in pufferfish (Fugurubripes). Dev Comp Immun 29:243-253.Tucker HA, Petitclerc D, Zinn SA. 1984. The influence of photoperiod on body weight gain,body composition, nutrient intake and hormone secretion. J Anim Sci 59:1610-1620.Turner JG, Bauer CA, Rybak LP. 2007. Noise in animal facilities: Why it matters. JAALAS46:10-13.Turner RJ, Held SD, Hirst JE, Billinghurst G, Wootton RJ. 1997. An immunological assessmentof group-housed rabbits. Lab Anim 31:362-372.Twaddle NC, Churchwell MI, McDaniel LP, Doerge DR. 2004. Autoclave sterilization producesacrylamide in rodent diets: Implications for toxicity testing. J Agric Food Chem52:4344-4349.USDA [US Department of Agriculture]. 1985. 9 CFR 1A. (Title 9, Chapter 1, Subchapter A):Animal Welfare. Available at http://ecfr.gpoaccess.gov/cgi/t/text/text-idx?sid=8314313bd7adf2c9f1964e2d82a88d92andc=ecfrandtpl=/ecfrbrowse/Title09/9cfrv1_02.tpl; accessedJanuary 14, 2010.van de Nieuwegiessen PG, Boerlage AS, Verreth JAJ, Schrama AW. 2008. Assessing the effectsof a chronic stressor, stocking density, on welfare indicators of juvenile African catfish,Clarias gariepinus Burchell. Appl Anim Behav Sci 115:233-243.van den Bos R, de Cock Buning T. 1994. Social behaviour of domestic cats (Felis lybica catusL.): A study of dominance in a group of female laboratory cats. Ethology 98:14-37.Van Loo PL, Mol JA, Koolhaas JM, Van Zutphen BM, Baumans V. 2001. Modulation of aggressionin male mice: Influence of group size and cage size. Physiol Behav 72:675-683.Van Loo PL, Van de Weerd HA, Van Zutphen LF, Baumans V. 2004. Preference for social contactversus environmental enrichment in male laboratory mice. Lab Anim 38:178-188.van Praag H, Kempermann G, Gage FH. 2000. Neural consequences of environmental enrichment.Nat Rev Neurosci 1:191-198.Verma RK. 2002. Advances on cockroach control. Asian J Microbiol, Biotech Environ Sci4:245-249.
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GUIDEFOR THE CARE AND USE OFLABORAT
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The National Academy of Sciences is
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MembersINSTITUTE FOR LAbORATORy ANI
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INSTITUTE FOR LAbORATORy ANIMAL RES
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ReviewersThis eighth edition of the
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PrefaceThe purpose of the Guide for
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PREFACExwho soon recognized that th
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xiiiOVERVIEWing the growing role of
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Contents1 KEy CONCEPTS 1Applicabili
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CONTENTSxxiiiAquatic Management, 84
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CONTENTSxxSpecies-Specific Referenc
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2 GUIdE FOR ThE CARE ANd USE OF LAb
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2Animal Care and Use ProgramThe pro
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ANIMAL CARE ANd USE PROGRAM 13of li
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ANIMAL CARE ANd USE PROGRAM 15ers a
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ANIMAL CARE ANd USE PROGRAM1used (C
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ANIMAL CARE ANd USE PROGRAM1severit
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ANIMAL CARE ANd USE PROGRAM 21Insti
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ANIMAL CARE ANd USE PROGRAM 23et al
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ANIMAL CARE ANd USE PROGRAM 25compe
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ANIMAL CARE ANd USE PROGRAM2Special
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ANIMAL CARE ANd USE PROGRAM2help to
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ANIMAL CARE ANd USE PROGRAM 31least
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ANIMAL CARE ANd USE PROGRAM 33disea
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ANIMAL CARE ANd USE PROGRAM 35DISAS
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ANIMAL CARE ANd USE PROGRAM3DHHS [D
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ANIMAL CARE ANd USE PROGRAM3Olfert
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3Environment, Housing,and Managemen
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ENVIRONMENT, hOUSING, ANd MANAGEMEN
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Page 132 and 133: 4Veterinary CareVeterinary care is
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Page 140 and 141: VETERINARy CARE 113and serology. If
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152 GUIdE FOR ThE CARE ANd USE OF L
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156 AddENdUM4. Page 32. Original se
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Appendices
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10GUIdE FOR ThE CARE ANd USE OF LAb
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appendixBU.S. Government Principles
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appendixCStatement of TaskThe use o
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appendixDAbout the AuthorsJanet C.
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APPENdIX d: AbOUT ThE AUThORS 205of
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APPENdIX d: AbOUT ThE AUThORS20Amer
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IndexAAcclimation and adaptation, 1
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INdEX 211Behavioral and social mana
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INdEX 213Disinfection, 20, 51, 52,
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INdEX 215Hydrogen peroxide, 72Hygie
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INdEXrecommended reading, 169-170re
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INdEX21pain and distress, 121-122re
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