Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals - Office of ...

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1Key ConceptsThis edition of the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals(the Guide) strongly affirms the principle that all who care for, use,or produce animals for research, testing, or teaching must assumeresponsibility for their well-being. The Guide is created by scientists andveterinarians for scientists and veterinarians to uphold the scientific rigorand integrity of biomedical research with laboratory animals as expectedby their colleagues and society at large.The Guide plays an important role in decision making regarding theuse of vertebrate laboratory animals because it establishes the minimumethical, practice, and care standards for researchers and their institutions.The use of laboratory animals in research, teaching, testing, and productionis also governed or affected by various federal and local laws, regulations,and standards; for example, in the United States the Animal Welfare Act(AWA 1990) and Regulations (PL 89-544; USDA 1985) and/or Public HealthService (PHS) Policy (PHS 2002) may apply. Compliance with these laws,regulations, policies, and standards (or subsequent revised versions) in theestablishment and implementation of a program of animal care and use isdiscussed in Chapter 2.Taken together, the practical effect of these laws, regulations, and policiesis to establish a system of self-regulation and regulatory oversight thatbinds researchers and institutions using animals. Both researchers and institutionshave affirmative duties of humane care and use that are supportedby practical, ethical, and scientific principles. This system of self-regulationestablishes a rigorous program of animal care and use and provides flexibilityin fulfilling the responsibility to provide humane care. The specific1
2 GUIdE FOR ThE CARE ANd USE OF LAbORATORy ANIMALSscope and nature of this responsibility can vary based on the scientificdiscipline, nature of the animal use, and species involved, but because itaffects animal care and use in every situation this responsibility requiresthat producers, teachers, researchers, and institutions carry out purposefulanalyses of proposed uses of laboratory animals. The Guide is central tothese analyses and to the development of a program in which humane careis incorporated into all aspects of laboratory animal care and use.APPLICAbILITy AND GOALSIn the Guide, laboratory animals (also referred to as animals) are generallydefined as any vertebrate animal (i.e., traditional laboratory animals,agricultural animals, wildlife, and aquatic species) produced for or usedin research, testing, or teaching. Animal use is defined as the proper care,use, and humane treatment of laboratory animals produced for or used inresearch, testing, or teaching.Laboratory animals or animals:Any vertebrate animal (e.g.,traditional laboratory animals,agricultural animals, wildlife, andaquatic species) produced foror used in research, testing, orteaching.Animal use: The proper care,use, and humane treatment oflaboratory animals produced foror used in research, testing, orteaching.When appropriate, considerationsor specific emphases for agriculturalanimals and nontraditional speciesare presented. The Guide does notaddress in detail agricultural animalsused in production, agriculturalresearch or teaching, wildlifeand aquatic species studied in naturalsettings, or invertebrate animals(e.g., cephalopods) used in research,but establishes general principles and ethical considerations that are alsoapplicable to these species and situations. References provide the readerwith additional resources, and supplemental information on breeding, care,management, and use of selectedlaboratory animal species is availablein other publications preparedby the Institute for Laboratory AnimalResearch (ILAR) and other organizations(Appendix A).The goal of the Guide is to promotethe humane care and use oflaboratory animals by providing information that will enhance animal wellbeing,the quality of research, and the advancement of scientific knowledgethat is relevant to both humans and animals. The Committee recognizes thatthe use of different species in research is expanding and that researchersand institutions will face new and unique challenges in determining howto apply the Guide in these situations. In making such determinations, it is
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Page 12 and 13: ReviewersThis eighth edition of the
Page 14 and 15: PrefaceThe purpose of the Guide for
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Page 22 and 23: Contents1 KEy CONCEPTS 1Applicabili
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Page 38 and 39: 2Animal Care and Use ProgramThe pro
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Page 68 and 69: 3Environment, Housing,and Managemen
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4Veterinary CareVeterinary care is
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VETERINARy CARE10from these sources
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VETERINARy CARE10In all cases, appr
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VETERINARy CARE 111Depending on the
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VETERINARy CARE 113and serology. If
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VETERINARy CARE 115RecordkeepingMed
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VETERINARy CARE11traffic (AORN 2006
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VETERINARy CARE11Specific steriliza
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VETERINARy CARE 121(all), anorexia
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VETERINARy CARE 123used in combinat
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VETERINARy CARE 125Arndt SS, Lohave
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VETERINARy CARE12Haines DC, Gorelic
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VETERINARy CARE12Morton CM, Reid J,
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VETERINARy CARE 131Stoskopf MK. 199
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156 AddENdUM4. Page 32. Original se
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Appendices
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appendixBU.S. Government Principles
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appendixCStatement of TaskThe use o
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appendixDAbout the AuthorsJanet C.
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APPENdIX d: AbOUT ThE AUThORS 205of
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APPENdIX d: AbOUT ThE AUThORS20Amer
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IndexAAcclimation and adaptation, 1
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INdEX 211Behavioral and social mana
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INdEX 213Disinfection, 20, 51, 52,
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INdEX 215Hydrogen peroxide, 72Hygie
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INdEXrecommended reading, 169-170re
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INdEX21pain and distress, 121-122re
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