Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals - Office of ...

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INdEX 211Behavioral and social managementacclimation, 111activity and exercise, 63-64, 84airflow and ventilation and, 150aquatic species, 82, 83, 84, 85bedding, nesting, and substrate materialsand, 49, 52, 85enrichment, 52-53, 54, 60, 83, 85food and feeding, 65illumination and, 47, 48, 49procedural habituation and training, 29,64-65recordkeeping, 75sanitation and, 72social environment, 51, 58, 59, 64, 111space considerations, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59temperature and humidity and, 43, 44,80terrestrial species, 83-85training of personnel, 53, 121veterinary care and, 107, 111, 112, 114Behavioral changesinfections and, 118monitoring animals for, 112moribund state, 28pain and distress, 120-121, 123physical restraint and, 29sanitation and, 71stereotypies and compulsive behaviors,63transportation of animals and, 150Behavioral research, 30, 31, 111, 135,149-150Bioexclusion, 28 (see also Barriers)Biologic agents and hazards, 18, 19, 20, 21,111, 112-113, 148, 170-172Biosecurity, animal, xviii, 105, 107, 108,109-110, 111, 135, 170-172Birds, 41, 44, 48, 49, 60, 121, 144, 156,179-180, 193Bites and scratches, 18, 23Breeding and reproductionaquatic animals, 44, 80, 82, 83, 87, 88caloric restriction and, 67cryopreservation of fertilized embryos,ova, ovaries, or spermatozoa, 76,107enriched environments and, 83genetic management, 76, 77GMAs, 28, 76lighting and, 48, 137nesting, bedding and substrates, 52, 70,83nomenclature, 77nonhuman primates, 59recordkeeping, 76, 77, 87, 88rodents and rabbits, xviii, 57, 77, 107sanitation activities and, 70space requirements, 55, 56, 57, 33temperature and humidity and, 44, 80, 82vibration and, 50Building Seismic Safety Council, 133CCages and caging (see also Housing;Microenvironment)cleaning and sanitation, 18, 46, 47, 52,69, 70-71, 72, 73, 86, 142, 143, 145dimensions and space allocation, xviii,56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 133dividers and shelters in, 53flooring, 70isolators, 45, 47, 52, 111, 139, 146light intensity in, 46, 49location on cage rack, 46, 49mechanical washers, 71, 72, 86, 135,136, 141, 143metabolic, 121in secondary enclosures, 47ventilated, 44, 46, 47, 50, 58, 70-71,111, 141, 146vibration of, 50Caloric management, 31, 57, 67Canadian Council on Animal Care, 16Carcass disposal, 20, 73-74, 138, 142Cardiovascular shock models, 27Catsbehavioral and social management, 58,59, 63-64, 180-181enrichment, 53environmental requirements, 43, 44, 53,180-181housing and space, 49, 56, 58, 59,180-181procurement, 106recommended reading, 180-181, 193recordkeeping, 75-76veterinary care, 193Cattle, 62-63, 64, 176-177, 191-192 (seealso Agricultural animals)Cedar shavings, 69, 156
212 INdEXCeilings, 56, 81, 142Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,19, 21, 107, 148, 157Cercopithecine herpesvirus 1, 23Chairing, 29Chemical agentscleaning materials, 71, 72non-pharmaceutical-grade, 31hazardous, 18, 19, 20, 21, 136Chickens, 48, 60Chimpanzees, xviii, 61Chlorines and chloramines, 72, 78-79, 80,85, 86Circadian rhythm, 43, 48, 49, 137, 149Cleaning agents, 18, 71, 72 (see alsoSanitation)(see also Vetterinary care)Clinical care and managementemergency care, 114medical management, 114recordkeeping, 115Clothing and footwear, 20, 21, 146Cold storage and refrigeration, 66, 73, 136,142Cold stress, 43, 44, 53Collaborations, interinstitutional, 15Computer modelingalternative to animal use, 5, 12, 25, 199facility design, 46, 133genetic variability, 76Conditioned-response protocols, 31Construction guidelines, 136-143Containment of hazardous materials, 21,148-149Contaminantsairborne, 22, 45, 46-47, 139, 140, 143,145, 146-147, 149bedding, 69, 141, 146cleaning implements, 72, 85food, 19, 65, 66, 67, 84, 141, 146genetic, 76microbial, 72, 81, 108, 109, 110, 113,118, 144-145recommended readingswater, 67-68, 81, 86, 138Convention on International Trade inEndangered Species of Wild Faunaand Flora, 107Corridors, 86, 134, 136, 137, 141, 142Cryogens, 147Cryopreservation, 76, 107Cyanobacteria, 86DDefecation, 72Definitionsanimal biosecurity, 109animal care and use program, 6, 11animal use, 2attending veterinarian, 14engineering standard, 6humane care, 6institutional animal care and usecommittee, 14institutional official, 13laboratory animals, 2life support system, 79macroenvironment, 42“may,” 8microenvironment, 42“must,” 8performance standard, 6-7policies, 7practice standard, 7principles, 7procedures, 7“should,” 8thermoneutral zone, 43three Rs, 4-5Dehydration, 68Desiccation stress, 45, 46Diet and dietary control (see also Food andfeedng)abrupt changes in, 67aquatic animals, 84, 85autoclavable, 66caloric management, 31, 57, 67certified diets, 65chemically defined diets, 65, 66natural-ingredient, 65, 66nutritionally balanced, 67purified diets, 65, 66quality assurance, 65, 66treats, 67Disaster planning, 35, 74-75Disease control, 23, 72, 81, 108, 109, 110,112-113, 118, 144-145, 190Disease susceptibility, 19, 42
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GUIDEFOR THE CARE AND USE OFLABORAT
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The National Academy of Sciences is
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MembersINSTITUTE FOR LAbORATORy ANI
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INSTITUTE FOR LAbORATORy ANIMAL RES
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ReviewersThis eighth edition of the
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PrefaceThe purpose of the Guide for
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PREFACExwho soon recognized that th
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xiiiOVERVIEWing the growing role of
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Contents1 KEy CONCEPTS 1Applicabili
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CONTENTSxxiiiAquatic Management, 84
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CONTENTSxxSpecies-Specific Referenc
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2 GUIdE FOR ThE CARE ANd USE OF LAb
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2Animal Care and Use ProgramThe pro
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ANIMAL CARE ANd USE PROGRAM 13of li
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ANIMAL CARE ANd USE PROGRAM1used (C
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ANIMAL CARE ANd USE PROGRAM 21Insti
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ANIMAL CARE ANd USE PROGRAM2help to
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ANIMAL CARE ANd USE PROGRAM 31least
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ANIMAL CARE ANd USE PROGRAM 35DISAS
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ANIMAL CARE ANd USE PROGRAM3Olfert
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3Environment, Housing,and Managemen
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4Veterinary CareVeterinary care is
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VETERINARy CARE10from these sources
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VETERINARy CARE10In all cases, appr
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VETERINARy CARE 111Depending on the
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VETERINARy CARE 113and serology. If
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VETERINARy CARE 115RecordkeepingMed
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VETERINARy CARE11traffic (AORN 2006
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VETERINARy CARE11Specific steriliza
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VETERINARy CARE 121(all), anorexia
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VETERINARy CARE 123used in combinat
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VETERINARy CARE 125Arndt SS, Lohave
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VETERINARy CARE12Haines DC, Gorelic
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VETERINARy CARE12Morton CM, Reid J,
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VETERINARy CARE 131Stoskopf MK. 199
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156 AddENdUM4. Page 32. Original se
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Appendices
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Page 226 and 227: appendixBU.S. Government Principles
Page 228 and 229: appendixCStatement of TaskThe use o
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Page 232 and 233: APPENdIX d: AbOUT ThE AUThORS 205of
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Page 236 and 237: IndexAAcclimation and adaptation, 1
Page 240 and 241: INdEX 213Disinfection, 20, 51, 52,
Page 242 and 243: INdEX 215Hydrogen peroxide, 72Hygie
Page 244 and 245: INdEXrecommended reading, 169-170re
Page 246 and 247: INdEX21pain and distress, 121-122re
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