INdEX21pain <strong>and</strong> distress, 121-122recommended reading, 184-187,194-196social stress, 53space requirements, xviii, 56-58, 156temperature <strong>and</strong> humidity, 43, 45<strong>the</strong>rmoneutral zone, 43oversight, 34postoperative care, 44, 119-120presurgical planning, 116procedures, 117-118recommended reading, 188-190training. 115-116Swine, 49, 53, 60, 62, 112, 136SSanitationaquatic species, 85-86assessing effectiveness <strong>of</strong>, 72-73bedding/substrate change, 70defined, 69-70facilities <strong>for</strong> sanitizing materials, 143macroenvironment, 72-73microenvironment, 70-72Secondary enclosures, 42, 43, 45-46, 47, 78(see also Macroenvironment)Security, 23, 55, 151 (see also Biosecurity)Separation <strong>of</strong> animals by health status <strong>and</strong>species, 111-112Sheep, 62, 64, 111, 156, 176-177, 191-192Simian hemorrhagic fever, 111-112Simian immunodeficiency virus, 111-112Social environment, xviii, 51, 53, 64, 82-83,121 (see also Behavioral <strong>and</strong> socialmanagement; Enrichment; Housing)Space requirementsagricultural animals, 60-63aquatic species, 83general considerations, 55-56IACUC review, 56laboratory rodents, xviii, 56-58“minimum,” xviiinonhuman primates, 58-61o<strong>the</strong>r common species (dogs, cats,rabbits; pigeons, quail, chickens), 58,59, 60rabbits, xviiiSpecific pathogen-free animals, 72, 108,113, 135, 136, 145-146Squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus), 112Statement <strong>of</strong> task, xix, 201-202Storage areas, 141-142Surgeryaseptic technique, 17, 34, 115, 116, 117,118-119, 144facilities, 116-117, 144-145intraoperative monitoring, 119multiple survival procedures, 30TTamarins (Saguinus oedipus), 112Temperature <strong>and</strong> humidityaquatic species, 41-42, 80-81HVAC systems <strong>and</strong>, 139-140terrestrial species, 43-45Terrestrial speciesactivity, 63-64bedding <strong>and</strong> nesting materials, 68-69behavioral <strong>and</strong> social management,83-85breeding, genetics, <strong>and</strong> nomenclature,75-76emergency, weekend, <strong>and</strong> holiday care,74-75enrichment, 52-54environment, 42-50food <strong>and</strong> feeding, 65-67housing, 50-63husb<strong>and</strong>ry, 65-75identification, 75illumination, 47-49macroenvironment, 42management, 63-77microenvironment, 42, 50-52noise <strong>and</strong> vibration, 49-50pest control, 74population management, 75-77procedural habituation <strong>and</strong> training,64-65recordkeeping, 75-76social environment, 64space requirements, 55-63temperature <strong>and</strong> humidity, 43-45ventilation <strong>and</strong> air quality, 45-47waste disposal, 73-74water, 67-68Tetanus, 22Thermoneutral zone, 43, 156Three Rs (replacement, reduction, <strong>and</strong>refinement), xvii, 3, 4-5, 17, 201Toxicology research, 27Toxins (see Biologic agents <strong>and</strong> hazards)
220 INdEXTraining <strong>and</strong> education, 20, 115-116animal care personnel <strong>and</strong> technicians,16, 50, 78aquatic systems, 78emergency preparedness, 35IACUC members, 17IACUC oversight <strong>of</strong>, 15noise reduction, 50postapproval review as, 34recommended reading, 168-169research team, 16-17U.S. Government Principles, 12,199-200veterinary <strong>and</strong> o<strong>the</strong>r pr<strong>of</strong>essional staff,15-16Transportation <strong>of</strong> animals, 12, 14, 32, 105,107-109, 110, 111, 134, 135, 147,150, 156, 188, 199Trauma research, 27Tuberculosis, 23, 112Tumor models/studies, 27, 34UUnexpected outcomes, 28-29, 34US Department <strong>of</strong> Agriculture, 19, 30, 107,148, 157US Fish <strong>and</strong> Wildlife Service, 106, 107, 157U.S. Government Principles <strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong>Utilization <strong>and</strong> <strong>Care</strong> <strong>of</strong> Vertebrate<strong>Animals</strong> <strong>Use</strong>d in Testing, Research,<strong>and</strong> Training, 4, 12, 199-200<strong>Use</strong>s <strong>and</strong> users <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Guide</strong>, 4-5VVaccine challenges/studies, 27Ventilation <strong>and</strong> airflow (see also Air quality)aquatic species, 80-81containment <strong>of</strong> hazardous agents, 21, 47filtered, 47<strong>for</strong> static isolation caging, 47HVAC system, 46, 47, 139-140individually ventilated cages, 44, 46, 50,58, 70-71, 111, 141, 146preventive maintenance <strong>and</strong> evaluation,47recommended reading, 196-197recycling air, 46-47terrestrial species, 43, 45-47Veterinary care (see also Clinical care <strong>and</strong>management; Preventive medicine;Surgery)anes<strong>the</strong>sia <strong>and</strong> analgesia, 121-123euthanasia, 123-124pain <strong>and</strong> distress, 120-121principles, 12procurement <strong>of</strong> animals, 106-107recommended reading, 188-196responsibilities <strong>of</strong> attending veterinarian,14training <strong>and</strong> education <strong>of</strong> pr<strong>of</strong>essionalstaff, 15-16transportation <strong>of</strong> animals, 12, 32, 33, 55,107-109, 156, 195Vibration (see Noise <strong>and</strong> vibration)WWalls <strong>and</strong> ceilings, 138-139Waste management (see also Sanitation)anes<strong>the</strong>tic gases, 21, 147disposal options, 73-74drainage, 54, 138flushing, 72gases from primary enclosures, 46hazardous materials, 20, 73-74, 148-149soiled bedding, 85, 143storage be<strong>for</strong>e incineration or removal,136, 142training, 20, 74wastewater, 80, 87Water/fluidsdevices <strong>and</strong> delivery systems, 68outdoor sources, 68quality <strong>for</strong> aquatic species, 78-79, 85regulated, 30-31terrestrial species, 67-68Windows, exterior, 137Xenopus spp., 79-80, 83, 88, 178-179,192-193Zebrafish, 79, 83Zoonosis surveillance, 23, 32, 110xZ
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