HVAC Control in the New Millennium.pdf - HVAC.Amickracing

HVAC Control in the New Millenniummachine adds nucleotides in a particular sequence. It bonds one type ofnucleotide to the chain ends, then washes away the leftover materialand adds chemicals to prepare the chain ends to bond the next nucleotide.The chains bond on the nucleotides in a programmed sequence.Protein MachinesMolecular machines are found in bacteria. They are also known asprotein machines. Some function as restriction enzymes. These read theDNA sequences, by sticking to them and cut the chain by rearrangingatoms. Other enzymes splice chains together. The enzymes are usedtogether to write and edit DNA patterns.These DNA patterns can be used to build proteins. The proteinmolecules can fold up to form small objects. Proteins range from humangrowth hormones to enzymes used in making cheese.Programmable protein machines will take a large molecule (theworkpiece) and bring a smaller molecule up against it in the right place.It will then bond the molecules together. By bonding molecule aftermolecule to the workpiece, the machine will assemble a larger andlarger structure while controlling how its atoms are arranged. Theseprotein machines will build small, solid objects of metal, ceramic, ordiamond which are invisibly small, but extremely strong.Some proteins can form basic mechanical structures like struts andparts of other molecules make excellent bearings. Amoebas and humancells move and change shape by using fibers and rods that act as molecularmuscles and bones. Protein molecules will be used as motors,bearings, and moving parts to build robot arms which will themselvesbe able to handle individual molecules. Tiny motors and pumps may bemade that would fit through the finest capillaries.Molecular ComputersThe Naval Research Laboratory, IBM and Genex Corporation haveconducted experiments for developing molecular switches, memorydevices and other structures that could be used in a protein-based computer.Japan has been developing self-assembling molecular motors andcomputers.©2001 by The Fairmont Press, Inc. All rights reserved.