HVAC Control in the New Millennium.pdf - HVAC.Amickracing

Artificial Intelligence, Fuzzy Logic and Controlconverting them to electronic signals. This requires some type of microphoneand amplifier circuit, as well as some type of automatic levelcontrol to make the sounds peak at the same level. Spectrum analysiscan be done on the analog signals, as can zero crossing or utteranceboundary detection.The analog signals may also be converted into digital signals andstored in memory. The memory can be scanned and compared to thepresent input for a voice print match. Spectrum analysis, zero crossingand utterance boundary detection can also be done as digital informationstored in memory.If continuous-word recognition is used, there may be additionaltasks of prosopic analysis, syntactic analysis, semantic analysis, andpragmatic analysis. Prosopic analysis tries to find clues to linguisticstructures, stressed words and areas of phonetic reliability. Syntacticanalysis involves sentence structures and grammatical relations. Semanticanalysis checks the interpretation of the words for a meaningful sentence.Pragmatic analysis is used to verify hypothesized word combinations.Speech SynthesisSpeech synthesis refers to the process by which a machine producesspeech. Voice input/output can simplify human/HVAC interactionsand make HVAC more user-friendly.Voice output or speech synthesis is considerably easier to add to amachine than vision processing or voice input. When phonic integratedcircuits are used, voice output requires less computing power.Speech is omnidirectional and understood by most humans. Humanscan listen to the speech output of a machine while focusing onsome other task. In an emergency, a machine could use voice or speechoutput to transmit critical information faster than it could by usinglights, sirens or displays.Some of the earliest work on machine speech synthesis is creditedto Alexander Graham Bell, in the mid-1800s. Using bellows and othermechanical devices, Bell tried to build a copy of the human speechmechanism. He was able to simulate a few words and this work contributedto his invention of the telephone.Three methods can be used to produce machine speech output:©2001 by The Fairmont Press, Inc. All rights reserved.