The role of informal microfinance institutions in saving

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Robinson (1993) identified four threats to reliability of research results to include subject error, subject bias, and observer error and observer bias. The researcher was aware of the potential problems extraneous influences will have on respondents in offering valid and candid answers to questions asked during the field of study. Consequently, elaborate steps were taken to ensure confidentiality and anonymity of respondents to questionnaires and to ensure that the data derived from the study are valid and relevant to the research objectives. Specifically, steps were taken to ensure that proper things were done as it relates to the following:- • Identification, of the research population: Efforts were made to ensure that the choice of the population was logical to guarantee generalizations to be made across the whole population. • Data collection: Concerted efforts were also made to ensure that the processes adopted to collect data yielded valid data. • Data interpretation: Appropriate theoretical frameworks were chosen in data interpretation. Induction and deduction processes were employed to arrive at the conclusions on each of the hypotheses. This implies that conclusions were drawn from both existing facts and valid reasons given by respondents to questions asked. • Development of conclusions: The researcher was conscious of the need to ensure that conclusions made should stand up to the closest scrutiny. Asika (2001) observed that research design may be said to be valid if it enable the researcher elicit the correct responses from the sample subjects. In this study, the research was considered valid based on the fact that the desired responses were gotten from sample population. Furthermore, the content validity was determined by ensuring that all the questions asked in the questionnaire fully address the research objectives and hypothesis. 162
3.1.8: Data Processing The data resulting from the study could be both quantitative and qualitative and as such, need processing and analysis. The essence is to put the data in contextual form to enable the researcher answer the research questions as well as address the research objectives. Consequently, quantitative analysis using simple tables, bar charts, percentage distributions and statistical analysis were carried out in order to establish the relationships between various variables. Abdullah (2004) noted the need to ensure that the following steps were taken: • That the tables and diagrams have brief and clear descriptive title. • That the units of measurement are clearly stated. • That the sources of data used are clearly stated. • That notes to explain abbreviations and legends are clearly stated. • The size of the sample on which the values in the table are based is stated. • That table had clear column and row leadings. The analysis carried out enabled the researcher establish the relationships between variables and trends in patterns of associations. 3.1.9: Final Model Used in Regression The study uses the following model to capture the impact of SACCOs on income of the poorest 20 percent households in Tanzania... The model is derived and as a single equation linear model expressed in log linear form, as specified below: Grate 20% In poor= C+ (1-G) RGDP rate + GSS rate + SL rate + DMF+ e C = Constant term G rate 20% in poor = Growth rate of nominal private income received by poorest 20% households in Tanzania. RGDP rate= Real Growth Domestic Product Rate. GSS rateI= Growth rate of Government Investment in Social services. 163
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THE ROLE OF INFORMAL MICROFINANCE I
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DECRALATION I, Mwakajumilo, Stephen
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DEDICATION To Almighty God, to whom
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ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS AGOA = A
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Title Page I Abst
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2.2.7 The prospects of SACCOs in Ta
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CHAPTER 4 PRESENTATION AND DATA ANA
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TABLE 18B: Value of loan from SACCO
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To SACCOs, they (SACCOs) are also e
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micro projects, general entrepreneu
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which are viewed as not credit wort
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parts of Tanzania. They are member
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Cooperatives were introduced in Tan
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1.1.3: WHY IS THIS THESIS UNDERTAKE
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Cumulative Number of Number of Year
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Year Number of Members Value of Sha
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Year Percentage of Consumption of l
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• Bureaucratic constraints, lack
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6. To identify gaps/shortfalls (i.e
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economy with respect to the unhealt
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organizations, help members achieve
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The cooperative formula was then co
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savings and credit cooperatives tha
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Cameroon in its English-speaking ar
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Since they have appeared on the sce
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Tanzania was the first country in A
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Type / Name of institution Microfin
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enhancing loan recovery and improvi
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embarked on building links with Sac
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• Encouraging and supporting, thr
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This shows the true nature of a maj
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Savings mobilization The potential
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It has been argued that the formal
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It is suggested that governments, i
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Local Counterpart Local MF NGOs wor
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Local Counterpart Small Industrial
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Local Counterpart Program Amount Go
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• PROMOTION AND ROLE MODELS. Help
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(iii) The target group being foreig
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(iv) Existence of pressure of the M
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(c) Government should honor stakeho
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1.1.16: INCOME DISTRIBUTION Policie
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TABLE 8: Formal Sector Distribution
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percent households decreased from a
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Also the significance of this study
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loans to their respective members i
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• Having adequate and timely secr
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LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1.0: INTRODUCTI
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It further defines savings and cred
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from being influenced by individual
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Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA)
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2.1.7: THE ROLE OF STOCK MARKET IN
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isk{Solnik 1974}. As a consequence
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• Access for New Firms- The prest
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of financial systems. The success o
Page 111 and 112: Mkwizu (1992) points out that Tanza
Page 113 and 114: (1994) conclude that this conservat
Page 115 and 116: areas. However, repayment schedules
Page 117 and 118: plus services (Aghion and Murdoch 2
Page 119 and 120: � Lack of appropriate and adequat
Page 121 and 122: savings of the community. Community
Page 123 and 124: ingenious entrepreneurs behind them
Page 125 and 126: Reforming the national small busine
Page 127 and 128: linkages based on both market and n
Page 129 and 130: combinations: private sector, gover
Page 131 and 132: Tanzania and most of its neighborin
Page 133 and 134: favorable rates and help keep finan
Page 135 and 136: The SACCOs, is a complex organizati
Page 137 and 138: 2.2.10.1: Advantages for the SACCOs
Page 139 and 140: 2.2.10.3 THE COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS B
Page 141 and 142: 2. The importance of savings in the
Page 143 and 144: Commercial Banks are like the other
Page 145 and 146: presence in carrying on the traditi
Page 147 and 148: A summary profile of selected NGOs
Page 149 and 150: (ii) Competitive Financial Environm
Page 151 and 152: � Likewise, these institutions wi
Page 153 and 154: METHODOLOGY OF THE STUDY CHAPTER TH
Page 155 and 156: among variables such as the support
Page 157 and 158: • Checklist response • Rating a
Page 159 and 160: • What are the roles of instituti
Page 161: In each Region, a total of 20 SACCO
Page 165 and 166: 3.1.12: Limitations • Difficult i
Page 167 and 168: Those students who are to write a M
Page 169 and 170: V. Generalizations and interpretati
Page 171 and 172: The method of collecting Primary an
Page 173 and 174: characteristics of participants, th
Page 175 and 176: How? Through experiment approach /g
Page 177 and 178: which the problem has got to be stu
Page 179 and 180: 4.1.2: Responses to Questionnaire.
Page 181 and 182: Outreach and Savings Mobilization
Page 183 and 184: iggest commercial city have more SA
Page 185 and 186: small farmers are most likely to sa
Page 187 and 188: 15 TPB … 16 TGT … 17 IFAD-Mbeya
Page 189 and 190: and bank balances which have been o
Page 191 and 192: However, operating income per total
Page 193 and 194: The Research Institutions in Tanzan
Page 195 and 196: microfinance services in both rural
Page 197 and 198: (xi) Do you inform SACCOs about you
Page 199 and 200: • Provide modern facilities and i
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Page 203 and 204: fact that their SACCOs serves all k
Page 205 and 206: What is more disturbing than the fa
Page 207 and 208: Year Real Private Disposable income
Page 209 and 210: Year Real Private Income Received b
Page 211 and 212: Model R R Squar e Adjusted R Square
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213
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215
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CONCLUSION The performance of micro
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5.14 Please list in the other impor
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Bank and other institutions engagin
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Table 18A: SITUATION FOR THE SACCOs
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Table 19: SITUATION FOR THE AUDITED
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(a) Specific Recommendations. The r
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APPENDIX E: QUESTIONNAIRES USED TO
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5.15 How have you been financing th
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Real Pinco RGD Rate Real GV Inv Dum
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In general, SACCOs in Tanzania have
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Finally, governments in Sub-Saharan
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5.3.11 If the answer to 10.0 is “
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5.3: RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE STUDY (
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REFERENCES: Ally M.Kimario, Marketi
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Working paper number 466, IDS, Univ
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The role of informal microfinance institutions in saving

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