The role of informal microfinance institutions in saving

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5.0 SUPPORTS TO SACCOs DEVELOPMENT 5.1 SACCOs do not participate in the stock market. Do you agree or disagree with this view? 5.2 If you agree, give your reasons ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………… 5.3 Do your SACCOs have a guarantee scheme? Yes /no 5.4 If no give your reasons ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………….………………………………………………………………… 5.5 List what you would like the government of Tanzania to do which will help to solve various problems in the SACCOs development………………………………………………….…………………… 5.6 Who are your competitors starting with the greatest and down to the least? i………………………………………………………….. ii…………………………………………………………….. iii…………………………………………………………… iv…………………………………………………………… 5.7 Has your company ever applied to borrow money from a Bank? Yes/No 5.8 If not why not (i) High interest rate (ii) No collateral (iii) not familiar with bank loan (iv) others 5.9 Have you ever been refused or denied to borrow money from a bank? Yes/No 5.10 What was the main reason your Bankers refused offering loan to your SACCOs? (a) To avoid Bank problem (b) Lack of security to pledge (c) Lack of competency Board Directors and Management (d) Others(specify). 5.11 What was the highest amount your company ever borrowed from a Bank? 5.12 What collateral or security did you pledge if any? (i)……….(ii)………….(iii)…………(iv)…….. 5.13 Have you ever had a problem in repaying a bank loan? Yes/No 5.14 If yes what are the sources of the problem? 230
5.15 How have you been financing the operations of the organization? (i) Personal funds/Savings (ii) Friend support (iii)Bank loans (iv) Family funds (iv) Others (specify)…………….. 5.16 Does your SACCOs have a good business relationship with your bankers? Yes/No 5.17 Does the annual growth of savings and loan accounts and annual growth rate of the loan portfolio fulfill the outreach and savings mobilization? 5.18 Does savings mobilization is an important indicator of measuring outreach? 5.19 How micro financial institutions issue loans to customers? 5.20 What are the causes of the poor credit performance? 5.21 What are the factors for increasing number of loan defaulters? 5.22 How efficiency and effectiveness are important criteria for institutions performance? 5.23 How earnings analyses are much affected by the huge provisions for doubtful loans? 5.24 How micro finance managers have a key role to play for better performance for the rural financial institutions? 5.25 How the micro finance institutions should organize themselves in groups in order to secure rural financial institutions? 5.26 How lack of economic growth seen as a consequence of shortage of physical capital? 5.27 How credit enables small and micro-enterprises to finance their development and income generating activities? Appendix A suggests that an average in the period 1994-1996 deposit mobilization increased by 145.1%. In the year 1995-1996 the change in deposit mobilization was higher by 40.64%. This increase in deposit mobilization suggests the increase in the effectiveness of financial mobilization. However, operating income per total costs, net loan portfolio per total assets and total income per total expenses suggest that micro financial institutions did not perform well in the stated period. Operating income per costs increased at a decreasing rate of 5% suggesting that costs outweighed operating income. Furthermore, net loan portfolio per total assets decreased by more than confirming the decline and limited capacity of lending of the micro financial institutions in Tanzania. 231
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THE ROLE OF INFORMAL MICROFINANCE I
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DECRALATION I, Mwakajumilo, Stephen
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DEDICATION To Almighty God, to whom
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ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS AGOA = A
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Title Page I Abst
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2.2.7 The prospects of SACCOs in Ta
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CHAPTER 4 PRESENTATION AND DATA ANA
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TABLE 18B: Value of loan from SACCO
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To SACCOs, they (SACCOs) are also e
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micro projects, general entrepreneu
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which are viewed as not credit wort
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parts of Tanzania. They are member
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Cooperatives were introduced in Tan
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1.1.3: WHY IS THIS THESIS UNDERTAKE
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Cumulative Number of Number of Year
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Year Number of Members Value of Sha
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Year Percentage of Consumption of l
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• Bureaucratic constraints, lack
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6. To identify gaps/shortfalls (i.e
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economy with respect to the unhealt
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organizations, help members achieve
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The cooperative formula was then co
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savings and credit cooperatives tha
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Cameroon in its English-speaking ar
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Since they have appeared on the sce
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Tanzania was the first country in A
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Type / Name of institution Microfin
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enhancing loan recovery and improvi
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embarked on building links with Sac
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• Encouraging and supporting, thr
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This shows the true nature of a maj
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Savings mobilization The potential
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It has been argued that the formal
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It is suggested that governments, i
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Local Counterpart Local MF NGOs wor
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Local Counterpart Small Industrial
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Local Counterpart Program Amount Go
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• PROMOTION AND ROLE MODELS. Help
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(iii) The target group being foreig
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(iv) Existence of pressure of the M
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(c) Government should honor stakeho
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1.1.16: INCOME DISTRIBUTION Policie
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TABLE 8: Formal Sector Distribution
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percent households decreased from a
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Also the significance of this study
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loans to their respective members i
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• Having adequate and timely secr
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LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1.0: INTRODUCTI
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It further defines savings and cred
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from being influenced by individual
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Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA)
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2.1.7: THE ROLE OF STOCK MARKET IN
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isk{Solnik 1974}. As a consequence
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• Access for New Firms- The prest
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of financial systems. The success o
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Mkwizu (1992) points out that Tanza
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(1994) conclude that this conservat
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areas. However, repayment schedules
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plus services (Aghion and Murdoch 2
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� Lack of appropriate and adequat
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savings of the community. Community
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ingenious entrepreneurs behind them
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Reforming the national small busine
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linkages based on both market and n
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combinations: private sector, gover
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Tanzania and most of its neighborin
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favorable rates and help keep finan
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The SACCOs, is a complex organizati
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2.2.10.1: Advantages for the SACCOs
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2.2.10.3 THE COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS B
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2. The importance of savings in the
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Commercial Banks are like the other
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presence in carrying on the traditi
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A summary profile of selected NGOs
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(ii) Competitive Financial Environm
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� Likewise, these institutions wi
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METHODOLOGY OF THE STUDY CHAPTER TH
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among variables such as the support
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• Checklist response • Rating a
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• What are the roles of instituti
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In each Region, a total of 20 SACCO
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3.1.8: Data Processing The data res
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3.1.12: Limitations • Difficult i
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Those students who are to write a M
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V. Generalizations and interpretati
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The method of collecting Primary an
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characteristics of participants, th
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How? Through experiment approach /g
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which the problem has got to be stu
Page 179 and 180: 4.1.2: Responses to Questionnaire.
Page 181 and 182: Outreach and Savings Mobilization
Page 183 and 184: iggest commercial city have more SA
Page 185 and 186: small farmers are most likely to sa
Page 187 and 188: 15 TPB … 16 TGT … 17 IFAD-Mbeya
Page 189 and 190: and bank balances which have been o
Page 191 and 192: However, operating income per total
Page 193 and 194: The Research Institutions in Tanzan
Page 195 and 196: microfinance services in both rural
Page 197 and 198: (xi) Do you inform SACCOs about you
Page 199 and 200: • Provide modern facilities and i
Page 201 and 202: validate this observation by asking
Page 203 and 204: fact that their SACCOs serves all k
Page 205 and 206: What is more disturbing than the fa
Page 207 and 208: Year Real Private Disposable income
Page 209 and 210: Year Real Private Income Received b
Page 211 and 212: Model R R Squar e Adjusted R Square
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Page 215 and 216: 215
Page 217 and 218: CONCLUSION The performance of micro
Page 219 and 220: 5.14 Please list in the other impor
Page 221 and 222: Bank and other institutions engagin
Page 223 and 224: Table 18A: SITUATION FOR THE SACCOs
Page 225 and 226: Table 19: SITUATION FOR THE AUDITED
Page 227 and 228: (a) Specific Recommendations. The r
Page 229: APPENDIX E: QUESTIONNAIRES USED TO
Page 233 and 234: Real Pinco RGD Rate Real GV Inv Dum
Page 235 and 236: In general, SACCOs in Tanzania have
Page 237 and 238: Finally, governments in Sub-Saharan
Page 239 and 240: 5.3.11 If the answer to 10.0 is “
Page 241 and 242: 5.3: RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE STUDY (
Page 243 and 244: REFERENCES: Ally M.Kimario, Marketi
Page 245: Working paper number 466, IDS, Univ
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