Principles of naval engineering - Historic Naval Ships Association

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PRINCIPLES OF NAVAL ENGINEERINGAIR INLETINTERCOOLERJAFTERCOOLERAIROUTLETCOOLINGf .WATER r"*"OUTLETCOOLING WATERINLETACCUMULATORFigure 17-1.— General arrangement of multistage compressed airplant.147.118within one compressing element, or so that morethan one stage takes place within one compressingelement. In general, compressors are classifiedaccording to the type of compressing element,the source of driving power, the method bywhich the driving unit is connected to the compressor,and the pressure developed.TYPES OF COMPRESSING ELEMENTS .-Air compressor elements may be of the centrifugal,rotary, or reciprocating types. The reciprocatingtype isgenerally selected for capacitiesbelow 1,000 cfm and for pressures of 100 psi orabove, the rotary type for capacities up to 10,000cfm andfor pressures below 100 psi, and the centrifugaltype for 10,000 cfm or greater capacitiesand for up to 100 psi pressures.Most of the compressors used in the Navyhave reciprocating elements (fig. 17-3). In thistype of compressor the air is compressed in oneor more cylinders, very much like the compressionwhich takes place in an internal combustionengine.SOURCES OF POWER. -Compressors aredriven by electric motors, internal combustionengines, steam turbines, or reciprocating steamengines. Most of the air compressors in navalservice are driven by electric motors.DRIVE CONNECTIONS.- The driving unitmay be connected to the compressor by one ofseveral methods. When the compressor and thedriving unit are mounted .on the same shaft, theyare close coupled. Close coupling is often usedfor small capacity compressors that are drivenby electric motors. Flexible couplings are usedto join the driving unit to the compressor wherethe speed of the compressor and the speed of thedriving unit can be the same.V-belt drives are commonly used with small,low pressure, motor-driven compressors, andwith some medium pressure compressors. In afew installations, a rigid coupling is used betweenthe compressor and the electric motor ofa motor-driven compressor. In a steam turbinedrive, compressors are usually driven throughreduction gears.PRESSURE CLASSIFICATION.-In accordancewith General Specifications for Ships of theUnited States Navy, compressors are classifiedas low pressure, medium pressure, or high pressure.Low pressure compressors are thosewhich have a discharge pressure of 150 psi orless. Medium pressure compressors are thosewhich have a discharge pressure of 151 psi to1,000 psi. Compressors which have a dischargepressure above 1,000 psi are classified as highpressure.Most low pressure air compressors are ofthe two- stage type with either a vertical V (seefig. 17-3) or a vertical W arrangement of438
Chapter 17. -COMPRESSED AIR PLANTSSUCTION VALVEDISCHARGE VALVE^/^^^DISCHARGE VALVECYLINDER^CYLINDER PISTONPISTONSUCTION VALVE.SUCTION VALVES,DISCHARGE VALVE DISCHARGE VALVE /discharge VALVESSUCTIONVALVEMl- V U V »SUCTION VALVE.B3RD STAGE3RD STAGED ^^^4TH STAGE1ST STAGE>rf^ J =b1ST STAGE^2ND STAGE2ND STAGE ^4TH STAGE1ST STAGE2ND STAGEFigureE17-2. — Types of air compressors: A. Vertical. B, Horizontal, C. Angle.D. Duplex. E. Multistage.47.151439
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PRINCIPLES OFNAVAL ENGINEERINGPrepa
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CREDITSThe illustrations indicated
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PART l-THE NAVAL SHIPChapter 1Chapt
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CHAPTERSFUNDAMENTALS OF SHIP PROPUL
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CHAPTER7PRINCIPLES OF MEASUREMENTMe
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CHAPTER 8INTRODUCTION TO THERMODYNA
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Chapter 8 -INTRODUCTION TO THERMODY
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CHAPTER 10PROPULSION BOILERSIn the
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CHAPTER13CONDENSERS AND OTHER HEAT
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CHAPTER 14PIPING, FITTINGS, AND VAL
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GENERATING A VOLTAGEChapter 20. -SH
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CHAPTER 22DIESEL AND GASOLINE ENGIN
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CHAPTER 23GAS TURBINESThe gas turbi
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Chapter 23. -GAS TURBINEGAS -GENERA
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Chapter 23. -GAS TURBINEGAS PRODUCI
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Chapter 23. -GAS TURBINE147.145Figu
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Chapter 23. -GAS TURBINEand housing
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Chapter 24. -NUCLEAR POWER PLANTSCL
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. STEAMChapter 24. -NUCLEAR POWER P
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Chapter 25. -NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN NA
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Chapter 25, -NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN NA
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Chapter 25. -NEW DEVELOPMENT IN NAV
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INDEXComponents and accessories-Con
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INDEXMain line shaft bearing, 96Mai
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INDEXShipboard electrical systems-C
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