Principles of naval engineering - Historic Naval Ships Association

PRINCIPLES OF NAVAL ENGINEERINGCYLINDERHEAD STUDCYLINDERLINER BOREFigure 22-11.— Cylinder block with in-line cylinder arrangement.75.14XSCAVENGING AIRCHAMBERSTRANSVERSE FRAME MEMBERUPPER DECKPLATECAMSHAFT POCKETLOWER DECKPLATE75.16Figure 22-12,— An example of a V-typecylinder block construction.to complete the housing. In others the crankcaseis a separate part and is bolted to the block.In large engines of early design, the supportfor the main bearings was provided bya bedplate. The bedplate was bolted to thecrankcase and an oil pan was bolted to thebedplate when a separate oil pan was used.In some large engines of more modern designthe support for main bearings is provided by apart called the base. Figure 22-13 illustratessuch a base, which is used with the block shownin figure 22-11. This type base serves as acombination bedplate and oil plan. This baserequires the engine block to complete the framefor the main engine bearings. Some crankcasesare designed so that the crankshaft and the mainbearings are mounted and secured completelywithin the crankcase.Since lubrication is essential for properengine operation, a reservoir for collecting andholding the engine's lubricating oil is a necessarypart of the engine structure. The reservoir maybe called a sump or an oil pan , depending uponits design, and is usually attached directly to558'