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PRINCIPLES OF NAVAL ENGINEERING= i\ ifinICfacCO•50)0)a>1—4•1-4hDCatT3eiiS(Uo00ICO.-H0)3bo•f-i462
C hapter 18. -DISTILLING PLANTSdistilling condenser. A two- stage or three- stageair ejector, a distillate cooler, and a feed waterheater are also provided. Feed water passesthrough the tubes of the distillate cooler, thestage distilling condenser, and the air ejectorcondenser. In each of these heat exchangers thefeed picks up heat. The final heating is done bylow pressure steam admitted to the shell of thefeed water heater. From this heater the feedwater enters the first- stage feed box and comesout through orifices into the flash chamber. Asthe heated feed water enters the chamber, a portionflashes or vaporizes because the pressurein the chamber is lower than the saturation pressurecorresponding to the temperature of the hotfeed. The vapor condenses on the tubes of thefirst- stage distilling condenser. The feed whichdoes not vaporize in the first chamber passes tothe second chamber. The process is repeated ineach stage and the brine remaining in the laststage is removed by the brine overboard pump.Vapor formed in each stage passes through avapor separator and into the stage distilling condenser,where it is condensed into distillate. Thedistillate passes through a loop seal on its wayto the distilling condenser of the next stage. Thedistillate pump removes the distillate from thelast stage and discharges it through the distillatecooler and the solenoid- operated dump valve tothe ship's tanks.The general arrangement of a two- stageflash- type unit is shown in figure 18-9; a fivestageunit is shown in figure 18-10. The majorcircuits are shown in each illustration.Vertical Basket Distilling UnitsSome recent ships are equipped with verticalbasket distillingunits. Aunitof thistypeis shownin figure 18-11. The unit shown has two effects;however, some units of this type have more thantwo effects.The vertical basket unit consists of two ormore evaporators, a distiller condenser, vaporfeed heaters, a distillate cooler, and air ejectors.The major difference between a vertical basketunit and a submerged tube unit is in the designof the evaporators. In the vertical basket unit,each evaporator consists of a vertical shell inwhich a deeply corrugated vertical basket is installed.Figure 18-12 shows a sectional view ofthe evaporator and basket.Low pressure steam is admitted to the insideof the first- effect basket. This steam boils thefeed water in the space between the outside ofthe basket and the shell of the evaporator. Thecondensate resulting from the condensation ofsteam drains downward and is returned to theboiler feed system. The vapor generated fromthe boiling sea water feed passes through thecyclonic separator above the evaporation section,where most of the entrained liquid particlesare removed from the vapor by centrifugal force.The vapor continues on through the second vaporseparator (called the "snail"), where the remainingwater droplets are separated from thevapor. The liquid particles from both of theseseparators drain downward and become part ofthe brine drains.The vapor generated in the first- effect shellpasses from the steam dome of the first- effectshell. It goes through the vapor feed water heaterand then enters the steam chest and evaporatorbasket of the second- effect shell. The first- effectvapor boils the second- effect feed and thuscauses the generation of second- effect vapor.The second- effect vapor goes through the cyclonicseparator and the snail in the secondeffectshell. From the steam dome, this vaporthen goes to the distilling condenser, where thevapor is condensed on the outside of the tubes.The second- effect distillate drains down and collectsin the flash tank.As the first- effect vapor is being used to boilthe second- effect feed, some of the vapor condenses.This distillate drains downward into thesecond- effect steam chest and is discharged tothe flash tank at the bottom of the distilling condenser,where it mixes with the distillate formedfrom the second- effect vapor. The distillate isremoved from the flash tank by the distillatepump and is discharged through the distillatecooler and the solenoid-operated dump valve tothe ship's tanks. Should the salinity of thedistillate exceed 0.065 epm, the dump valve automaticallydumps the distillate to the bilges.Sea water flows through the tubes of the distillatecooler and the distilling condenser, creatinga suction for the brine pump and maintaininga back pressure for the feed system. About ?5percent of the sea water passes through supplementaryheating sections in the distilling condenserto the air ejector condenser, and feedsthe evaporator shells in parallel. As the seawater passes through the air ejector condenser,it condenses the air ejector steam; the resultingcondensate drains to an atmospheric drain tank.463
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PRINCIPLES OFNAVAL ENGINEERINGPrepa
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For sale by the Superintendent of D
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CREDITSThe illustrations indicated
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PART l-THE NAVAL SHIPChapter 1Chapt
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Chapter 5- FUNDAMENTALS OF SHIP PRO
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CHAPTER 8INTRODUCTION TO THERMODYNA
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CHAPTER 10PROPULSION BOILERSIn the
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CHAPTER13CONDENSERS AND OTHER HEAT
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CHAPTER 14PIPING, FITTINGS, AND VAL
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Page 435 and 436: Chapter 16. -AUXILIARY STEAM TURBIN
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CHAPTER 22DIESEL AND GASOLINE ENGIN
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CHAPTER 23GAS TURBINESThe gas turbi
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Chapter 23. -GAS TURBINEGAS -GENERA
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Chapter 23. -GAS TURBINEGAS PRODUCI
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Chapter 23. -GAS TURBINECOMBUSTIONC
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Chapter 23. -GAS TURBINE147.145Figu
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Chapter 24. -NUCLEAR POWER PLANTSCL
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. STEAMChapter 24. -NUCLEAR POWER P
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Chapter 25. -NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN NA
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Chapter 25, -NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN NA
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Chapter 25. -NEW DEVELOPMENT IN NAV
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INDEXComponents and accessories-Con
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INDEXMain line shaft bearing, 96Mai
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INDEXShipboard electrical systems-C
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