ECONOMY

1076 subject index
European Court of Human Rights, and Bowman vs
UK (1998) 51 n2
European Court of Justice 799, 802
European Economic Community 799
European Exchange Rate Mechanism 524
European integration:
and attitudes towards, survey data on 807
and Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) 803
and constitutional convention 804, 810
and coordination problems 801
and Council of Ministers 804–5
and decision-making processes 805–6
and democratic deficit 804, 806
and development of scholarship on 799–800
and economic motives 805, 806–7
and European Coal and Steel Community 801–2
and European Payments Union 801, 803
and exchange rates 803
and foreign policy 809–10
and historical-institutionalist accounts 812
and institutional approach 800–1, 802, 808
commitment issues 802
and interest group politics 806, 807
and intergovernmental approach 800–1
and issue linkage 802
and monetary union 803–4
attitudes towards 806–7
and national preferences 806
and neo-functionalist view of 808
spillover effects 802–3
and normalization of studies of 805–8
and path dependency 808–11
and political integration 804
and role of elites 803–4, 812
principal-agent slack 804
and security concerns 801–2
and Single Market Program 803
and synthetic view of 807–8
and transnational bureaucracy 803
European monetary integration 589
European Monetary System 589, 590, 591
European Monetary Union 469
and ex ante fiscal rules 466
European Parliament 799, 802, 804
and policy positions of legislators 137
European Payments Union 799, 801, 803
European Single Market 799, 803
European Union:
and delegation 263
and federalism 359
evolutionary fitness 4
exchange:
and economics 989–90
and politics as 992–3
exchange rates 591
and Bretton Woods system 588, 590
end of 759
and centrality of 588
and dollarization 590–1
and domestic political economy of:
choice of regime 591–3
competitiveness/purchasing power
trade-off 593–4
electoral cycles 595
electoral politics 593, 595
exchange rate level 593–4
interest groups and regime choice 592
and European integration 803, 806–7
and fixed rate systems 588, 589, 590, 591–2
and free floating systems 588, 589
and gold standard 588, 589
and interest groups:
exchange rate level 595
regime choice 592
and internation political economy of 588–9
cooperation 590–1
coordination 589
nation state 588–9
and regional regimes 588, 590–1
and research on:
challenges facing 596
integration of domestic/international
factors 595–6
policy substitutes 595
executive:
and parliamentary systems 122
control of legislative agenda 125–6
elections 124
election-timing 124–5
executive coalitions 128
investiture votes 123
minority governments 128–9
no-confidence votes 122–3
opposition parties 130
parliamentary support coalition 128
role of political parties 126–7
single-party majority governments 129–30
and presidential systems:
divided government/cohabitation 134–5
executive/legislature dependence 130–1
role of political parties 131–2
executive orders, and American presidency 249–50
exit, and fiscal competition 512–14
experiments, see laboratory experiments
expertise, and legislative committee system 10–11
expressive activity 329
and political behavior 333–5
constitutional relevance 336–8, 339–40
expressive voting 41, 333–5
expropriation:
and authoritarian governments 699–700
and inequality 633–4
factor mobility:
and fiscal competition 504–5, 508–9, 512–14,
518–19
dynamics of 514–17
and international trade models:
Heckscher-Ohlin model 815–18
neo-Ricardian model 820–2
specific factors model 818–20
and state size 794
fair division 425, 435
and endstate justice 377
and indivisible goods 432–5
assumptions made 432–3