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THE SPATIAL TRANSFORMATION OF SOUTH AFRICA’S CITIES From abstract concept to meaning and means 2 @javasphotos
Page 1 and 2: State of south african cities Repor
Page 4 and 5: The cities covered in the SoCR Limp
Page 6 and 7: FOREWORD by the Chairperson of the
Page 8 and 9: Buffalo city ekurhuleni ethekwini J
Page 10 and 11: Overview: State of South African Ci
Page 12 and 13: CH3 PRODUCTIVE CITIES Spatial trans
Page 15 and 16: INTRODUCTION Our cities: status quo
Page 17 and 18: State of Cities Reporting Over the
Page 19 and 20: Figure 1.2 shows the projected grow
Page 21 and 22: The consequence of this rapid urban
Page 23 and 24: LEARNING ACROSS BRICS: from city-re
Page 25 and 26: Addressing these challenges require
Page 27 and 28: TRANSFORMING OUR WORLD: THE 2030 AG
Page 29 and 30: Key issues for South African cities
Page 31 and 32: ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Cities and
Page 33 and 34: Figure 1.8: Population change total
Page 35 and 36: Figure 1.10 shows that, while popul
Page 37 and 38: Significant densification through b
Page 39 and 40: Increased densities and demand have
Page 41 and 42: Global networks versus domestic res
Page 43: Informed by five years of research
Page 47 and 48: Introduction The 2011 State of Sout
Page 49 and 50: services were designed to control a
Page 51 and 52: SPATIAL ALIGNMENT: Increasing the i
Page 53 and 54: While many national plans and polic
Page 55 and 56: Figure 2.3: Tshwane, Ekurhuleni and
Page 57 and 58: New cities can be standalone projec
Page 59 and 60: Fundamentally, the transformation o
Page 61 and 62: 3. institutional transformation; 4.
Page 63 and 64: process by land claimants who have
Page 65 and 66: The promulgation of SPLUMA presents
Page 67 and 68: 2004-2014 building HUMAN SETTLEMENT
Page 69 and 70: Access to suitably located land is
Page 71 and 72: een slim. Despite its challenges, i
Page 73 and 74: Proactive leadership Stabilising in
Page 75 and 76: Key issues for understanding spatia
Page 77 and 78: Built Environment Integration Roadm
Page 79 and 80: Transformation of politics and powe
Page 81: • The well-governed city. Is the
Page 84 and 85: Key Messages 1 2 3 4 5 6 Cities hav
Page 86 and 87: Understanding City Economies The hu
Page 88 and 89: Spatial transformation underpins ec
Page 90 and 91: Improved mobility and access to pub
Page 92 and 93: Figure 3.1: Johannesburg’s VAT re
Page 94 and 95:
• The Gauteng City Region is clea
Page 96 and 97:
• Over a third of GVA in Johannes
Page 98 and 99:
City population and average incomes
Page 100 and 101:
Similarly, the average city unemplo
Page 102 and 103:
Figure 3.8: City share of South Afr
Page 104 and 105:
Figure 3.11: Labour productivity or
Page 106 and 107:
At the higher education level, more
Page 108 and 109:
Infrastructure investment at city l
Page 110 and 111:
Implications for city economic succ
Page 112 and 113:
Table 3.2: Doing Business in South
Page 114 and 115:
For cities to take the lead in econ
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Figure 3.17: Annual growth in city
Page 118 and 119:
DIEPSLOOT Diepsloot is one of Johan
Page 120 and 121:
INFORMAL SECTOR: enterprises and em
Page 122 and 123:
Much more needs to be done to make
Page 125 and 126:
Inclusive CITIES The pursuit of urb
Page 127 and 128:
Introduction “Inclusive“ means
Page 129 and 130:
3. The social function of the city
Page 131 and 132:
Inclusion in South Africa’s Citie
Page 133 and 134:
Access to good basic services The s
Page 135 and 136:
(SACN, 2014a: 15). Post-1994, Johan
Page 137 and 138:
JOB ACCESS FOR POOR HOUSEHOLDS: The
Page 139 and 140:
South Africa’s transport laws and
Page 141 and 142:
Ethekwini metro uMngeni KwaDukuza u
Page 143 and 144:
As Figure 4.9 shows, inequality lev
Page 145 and 146:
Figure 4.10 clearly illustrates tha
Page 147 and 148:
GENTRIFICATION: Exploring alternati
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including township regeneration pro
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Crime: Does fear of crime prevent y
Page 153 and 154:
Figure 4.11: Protests in metros 201
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If adopted as part of municipal pla
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to public transport is generally in
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Inclusive CITIES 159 4
Page 162 and 163:
Key Messages 1 2 3 4 5 The typical
Page 164 and 165:
(environmental thresholds). Living
Page 166 and 167:
Sustainable Energy Sustainable ener
Page 168 and 169:
Renewable energy Small-scale, local
Page 170 and 171:
Cities have introduced energy effic
Page 172 and 173:
A fundamental lesson from the citie
Page 174 and 175:
Over the past two decades, waste co
Page 176 and 177:
Figure 5.7: Recycling figures for t
Page 178 and 179:
The waste sector is undergoing a gl
Page 180 and 181:
Figure 5.11: Depiction of in- and o
Page 182 and 183:
The type of sanitation system and h
Page 184 and 185:
Although the country is considered
Page 186 and 187:
Development Plan for the Developmen
Page 188 and 189:
Cities should go beyond providing a
Page 190 and 191:
Table 5.2 shows how urban land uses
Page 192 and 193:
The coastal land can be broadly cla
Page 194 and 195:
Climate change Climate change is no
Page 196 and 197:
An analysis of three cities - Johan
Page 198 and 199:
Conclusion Sustainability needs to
Page 201 and 202:
WELL-GOVERNED CITIES Growing from f
Page 203 and 204:
Introduction The standard and value
Page 205 and 206:
In addition to defining the paramet
Page 207 and 208:
The Department of Cooperative Gover
Page 209 and 210:
Figure 6.4: Governing strategies th
Page 211 and 212:
local government creates vertical a
Page 213 and 214:
Electoral politics in tension with
Page 215 and 216:
The higher voter turnouts in 2011 w
Page 217 and 218:
funded by the World Bank in Ethiopi
Page 219 and 220:
3. Not having permanent CFOs and MM
Page 221 and 222:
Figure 6.8: LGMIM scores FINAL MODE
Page 223 and 224:
These codes define the ideal nature
Page 225 and 226:
sound financial management practice
Page 227 and 228:
Cities face shortfalls in revenues,
Page 229 and 230:
The main challenges for aligning ur
Page 231 and 232:
of the metros scored close to 7 out
Page 233 and 234:
Figure 6.11: Expanded conception of
Page 235:
devolve properly the relevant power
Page 238 and 239:
Key Messages 1 2 3 4 5 Cities have
Page 240 and 241:
Financial Reporting and Oversight S
Page 242 and 243:
Figure 7.1: Reporting and oversight
Page 244 and 245:
Aligning Budgeting and Outcomes The
Page 246 and 247:
Evolution of Financial Policies in
Page 248 and 249:
• Bulk purchases (of water and el
Page 250 and 251:
Municipal revenue Since 2008, SACN
Page 252 and 253:
sales will undoubtedly reduce, as c
Page 254 and 255:
As Figure 7.7 shows, all the SACN c
Page 256 and 257:
Table 7.5: Expenditure on employees
Page 258 and 259:
Figure 7.10: Bad debt per city (201
Page 260 and 261:
view is that roads are not being ma
Page 262 and 263:
Table 7.8: Underspending of capital
Page 264 and 265:
• In 2013, the City of Tshwane ra
Page 266 and 267:
arrier to innovation in environment
Page 268 and 269:
Cities construct, acquire, operate
Page 270 and 271:
Municipalities rely on own revenue
Page 272 and 273:
• Alternative, which is where ele
Page 274 and 275:
Project preparation needs to be dev
Page 277 and 278:
ENABLING ENVIRONMENT Creating enabl
Page 279 and 280:
Introduction The State of South Afr
Page 281 and 282:
Broadening access to the economy Ec
Page 283 and 284:
“developmental state” that addr
Page 285 and 286:
Despondent government officials For
Page 287 and 288:
This section has highlighted some o
Page 289 and 290:
Given the complexity of role-player
Page 291 and 292:
The ability of poor and vulnerable
Page 293 and 294:
The Infrastructure Dialogues attemp
Page 295 and 296:
emergency services, and land tenure
Page 297 and 298:
From available information (ibid) t
Page 299 and 300:
Table 8.2: The different types of p
Page 301 and 302:
Our Cities as Dynamic Local Systems
Page 303 and 304:
Figure 8.5: An urban innovation fra
Page 305 and 306:
Table 8.3: Enabling interventions b
Page 307 and 308:
ENABLING ENVIRONMENT 307 8
Page 309:
City profiles Individual city repor
Page 312 and 313:
People and Households Size of city
Page 314 and 315:
Sleeper Site development Introducti
Page 316 and 317:
• Add urban amenities that foster
Page 319 and 320:
City of cape town @ntatendaba
Page 321 and 322:
100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% CITY FINANC
Page 323 and 324:
Overview of flagship programme As p
Page 325:
The overall goal was to use WDC2014
Page 328 and 329:
Page 330 and 331:
Aerotroplis Introduction Airports h
Page 332 and 333:
Time-distance analysis AVIATION INT
Page 335 and 336:
City of eThekwini @jethrosnyderspho
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100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% CITY FINANC
Page 339 and 340:
Overview of flagship programme The
Page 341:
Reflections A significant achieveme
Page 344 and 345:
Page 346 and 347:
Corridors of Freedom Introduction I
Page 348 and 349:
Proposed interventions • Empire/P
Page 351 and 352:
MANGAUNG @thabz_wa_lepantsola
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100% 80% 60% 40% 20% CITY FINANCE e
Page 355 and 356:
Overview of flagship programme •
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involved to prevent them from becom
Page 360 and 361:
Page 362 and 363:
Pietermaritzburg Urban Renewal Prog
Page 364 and 365:
Ongoing maintenance and cleanliness
Page 367 and 368:
Nelson Mandela Bay @mlungisibusakwe
Page 369 and 370:
100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% CITY FINANC
Page 371 and 372:
Overview of flagship programme The
Page 373:
The experience of MBDA and SPUU in
Page 376 and 377:
Page 378 and 379:
Wi-Fi project Introduction City-wid
Page 380 and 381:
Reflections Critics of the project
Page 383 and 384:
SoCR 2016 Data Almanac Introducing
Page 385 and 386:
Improving Access to City Data Citie
Page 387 and 388:
3. SACN theme (inclusive, productiv
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Indicator DEMOGRAPHIC Definition 1
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Indicator INCLUSIVE CITIES Definiti
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Indicator WELL-GOVERNED CITIES Defi
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Example: Three dimensional spatial
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KZN LGMIM LUMS M&E MCEP MFMA MIG MI
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. . . Figure 3.12 Changes in the ed
Page 401 and 402:
tables . . . . Table 3.1 Narrow and
Page 403 and 404:
The Routledge Handbook on Cities of
Page 405 and 406:
SACN. 2014. Spatial Transformation
Page 407 and 408:
Peberdy S. 2015. Informal sector en
Page 409 and 410:
Mathivet, C. 2010. The Right to the
Page 411 and 412:
Khumalo, L., Chetty, S. and Thompso
Page 413 and 414:
Schulz Herzenberg C. 2012, Trends i
Page 415 and 416:
References for Chapter 8 Arnstein S
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