Elevatori Magazine 3-2023

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This approach provides a trip energy consumption which compares favorably with the more complex model. Questo approccio fornisce un consumo energetico del viaggio che si confronta positivamente con il modello più complesso. Trip energy consumptin (kWh) / Consumo energetico per viaggio (kWh) Up Salita Up Salita Up Salita Up Salita Up Salita Down Discesa Down Discesa Down Discesa Down Discesa Down Discesa Car direction and load / Direzione e carico della cabina Measured / Misurato Calculated with Sharif, Peters and Smith model / Calcolato con il modello di Sharif, Peters e Smith On/Off model with beginning and end of trip to zero / Modello On/Off con inizio e fine corsa a zero Figure 13 - Comparison between measured energy consumption, complex and simplified models. Figura 13 - Confronto tra consumo energetico misurato, modelli complessi e semplificati. CONCLUSIONS Anyone denying climate change or the importance of reducing our carbon emissions would rightly be considered the modern-day equivalent of a flat-earther. The environmental impact of lifts is not solely due to the energy they consume, but it is a major component. As the climate crisis heightens, buildings get taller and energy prices soar, understanding the energy consumption of lifts becomes increasingly important. If we understand and measure lift energy consumption, we are in a better position to assess improved lift solutions. Energy modelling of lift systems is complex. There have been excellent attempts to provide formulae and table-based estimates of lift system energy consumption. Without access to a simulation model, the most authoritative of these is presented in ISO 25745-2 [9]. However, without considering all-day passenger demand profiles and the impact of traffic control systems, even the ISO method will only ever offer a rule of thumb estimate of energy consumption. Applied with simulation, advanced models [6] do offer accurate modelling of individual lift trips. CONCLUSIONI Chiunque neghi il cambiamento climatico o lʼimportanza di ridurre le nostre emissioni di anidride carbonica sarebbe giustamente considerato lʼequivalente moderno di chi credeva che la terra fosse piatta. Lʼimpatto ambientale degli ascensori non è dovuto esclusivamente allʼenergia che consumano, ma questa è una componente importante. Con lʼacuirsi della crisi climatica, lʼaumento dellʼaltezza degli edifici e lʼimpennata dei prezzi dellʼenergia, la comprensione del consumo energetico degli ascensori diventa sempre più importante. Se comprendiamo e misuriamo il consumo energetico degli ascensori, siamo in una posizione avvantaggiata per valutare soluzioni migliorative. La modellazione energetica degli impianti di risalita è complessa. Ci sono stati ottimi tentativi di fornire formule e stime basate su tabelle del consumo energetico degli ascensori. Senza avere accesso a un modello di simulazione, la più autorevole di queste è presentata nella Norma ISO 25745-2 [9]. Tuttavia, se non si considerano i profili di domanda dei passeggeri nellʼarco di tutta la giornata e lʼimpatto dei sistemi di controllo del traffico, anche il metodo ISO offrirà solo una stima approssimativa del consumo energetico. I modelli avanzati, applicati con la simulazione [6], offrono una modellazione accurata dei singoli viaggi in ascensore. 56 ELEVATORIMAGAZINE.COM 2023 MAY | JUNE • MAGGIO | GIUGNO 2023
The contribution of this paper is to offer a simpler approach. In the example presented, little accuracy is lost with the proposed simplification. The simpler model proposed in this paper provides a pragmatic, public domain solution which is easier to calibrate and apply in any simulation software. The final challenge remaining is calibration. For this, the industry needs to collect ʻbig dataʼ on passenger demand and energy consumption and make it available in the public domain. This is technically possible to do and should not need to add major costs if specified early on new projects. • Il contributo di questo documento è quello di offrire un approccio più semplice. Nellʼesempio presentato, la semplificazione proposta comporta una perdita di accuratezza minima. Il modello più semplice proposto in questo lavoro fornisce una soluzione pragmatica e di dominio pubblico, più facile da calibrare e da applicare in qualsiasi software di simulazione. Lʼultima sfida a rimanere aperta è la calibrazione. A tal fine, lʼindustria deve raccogliere ʻbig dataʼ sulla domanda dei passeggeri e sul consumo energetico e renderli di pubblico dominio. Si tratta di unʼoperazione tecnicamente possibile e che non dovrebbe comportare costi aggiuntivi quando prevista in anticipo nei nuovi progetti. • Traduzione di Valentina Moretti References • Riferimenti bibliografici [1] R. Peters, “Green Lifts?,” Proceedings of CIBSE National Conference, 1994. [2] M. Berners-Lee, There Is No Planet B: A Handbook for the Make or Break Years, Cambridge University Press, 2019. [3] A. M. Lorente Lafuente, Life Cycle Analysis and Energy Modelling of Lifts, Zaragoza: University of Zaragoza, 2013. [4] A. M. Lorente Lafuente and J. L. Núñez Bruis, “Environmental Impact of Lifts,” Proceedings of the 4th Symposium on Lift and Escalator Technologies, 2014. [5] M. Goedkoop and R. Spriensma, “The Eco- Indicator 99: A Damage Oriented Method for Life Cycle Impact Assessment,” PRé Consultants B.V, Amersfoorttel, 2001. [6] L. Al-Sharif, R. Peters and R. Smith, “Elevator Energy Simulation Model,” Elevator Technology 14, 2004. [7] A. Lorente, J. Núñez and G. Barney, “Energy Models for Lifts - Determination of Average Car Load, Average Travel Distance and Standby/ Running Time Ratios,” Proceedings of the 2nd Symposium on Lift and Escalator Technologies, 2012. [8] G. Barney and A. M. Lorente, “Simplified Energy Calculations for Lifts Based on ISO/DIS 25745-2,” 3rd Symposium on Lift and Escalator Technologies, 2013. [9] International Organization for Standardization, “ISO 25745-2 Energy performance of lifts, escalators and moving walks - Part 2: Energy calculation and classification for lifts (elevators),” ISO, Geneva, 2015. [10] R. Smith, R. Peters and L. Al-Sharif, “Method and apparatus to prevent or minimize the entrapment of passengers in elevators during a power failure,” United States Patent assigned to TK Elevator Corp, 2009. [11] Peters Research Ltd, “Elevate Traffic Analysis and Simulation Software,” [Online]. Available: http://www.peters-research.com. BIOGRAPHICAL DETAILS Richard Peters has a degree in Electrical Engineering and a Doctorate for research in Vertical Transportation. He is a director of Peters Research Ltd and a Visiting Professor at the University of Northampton. He has been awarded Fellowship of the Institution of Engineering and Technology, and of the Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers. Dr Peters is the principal author of Elevate, elevator traffic analysis and simulation software. RIFERIMENTI BIOGRAFICI Richard Peters è laureato in ingegneria elettrica e ha conseguito un dottorato di ricerca sul trasporto verticale. È direttore della Peters Research Ltd e Visiting Professor presso l’Università di Northampton. È stato insignito della Fellowship dell’Institution of Engineering and Technology e della Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers. Peters è l’autore principale di Elevate, un software di analisi e simulazione del traffico degli ascensori. Article taken from the 13 th Symposium on Lift and Escalator Technologies,Northampton, United Kingdom (21-22 September 2022). Articolo tratto dagli Atti del 13° Symposium on Lift and Escalator Technologies, Northampton, Regno Unito (21-22 settembre 2022). 2023 MAY | JUNE • MAGGIO | GIUGNO 2023 ELEVATORIMAGAZINE.COM 57
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