PES Skill Sheets.book - Capital High School

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Name: Date: 5.1 Universal Gravitation The law of universal gravitation allows you to calculate the gravitational force between two objects from their masses and the distance between them. The law includes a value called the gravitational constant, or “G.” This value is the same everywhere in the universe. Calculating the force between small objects like grapefruits or huge objects like planets, moons, and stars is possible using this law. What is the law of universal gravitation? The force between two masses m 1 and m 2 that are separated by a distance r is given by: So, when the masses m 1 and m 2 are given in kilograms and the distance r is given in meters, the force has the unit of newtons. Remember that the distance r corresponds to the distance between the center of gravity of the two objects. For example, the gravitational force between two spheres that are touching each other, each with a radius of 0.300 meter and a mass of 1,000. kilograms, is given by: = × 1,000. kg 1,000. kg F 6.67 10 11 – N-m 2 kg 2 ⁄ × ( 0.300 m + 0.300 m) 2 ---------------------------------------------------- = 0.000185 N Note: A small car has a mass of approximately 1,000. kilograms. Try to visualize this much mass compressed into a sphere with a diameter of 0.300 meters (30.0 centimeters). If two such spheres were touching one another, the gravitational force between them would be only 0.000185 newtons. On Earth, this corresponds to the weight of a mass equal to only 18.9 milligrams. The gravitational force is not very strong! 5.1
Page 2 of 2 Answer the following problems. Write your answers using scientific notation. 1. Calculate the force between two objects that have masses of 70. kilograms and 2,000. kilograms. Their centers of gravity are separated by a distance of 1.00 meter. 2. Calculate the force between two touching grapefruits each with a radius of 0.080 meters and a mass of 0.45 kilograms. 3. Calculate the force between one grapefruit as described above and Earth. Earth has a mass of 5.9742 × 10 24 kilograms and a radius of 6.3710 × 10 6 meters. Assume the grapefruit is resting on Earth’s surface. 4. A man on the moon with a mass of 90. kilograms weighs 146 newtons. The radius of the moon is 1.74 × 106 meters. Find the mass of the moon. 5. For m = 5.9742 × 1024 kilograms and r = 6.3710 × 106 meters, what is the value given by: G ? a. Write down your answer and simplify the units. b. What does this number remind you of? c. What real-life values do m and r correspond to? m r 2 ---- 6. The distance between the centers of Earth and its moon is 3.84 × 10 8 meters. Earth’s mass is 5.9742 × 10 24 kilograms and the mass of the moon is 7.36 × 10 22 kilograms. What is the force between Earth and the moon? 7. A satellite is orbiting Earth at a distance of 35.0 kilometers. The satellite has a mass of 500. kilograms. What is the force between the planet and the satellite? Hint: Recall Earth’s mass and radius from earlier problems. 8. The mass of the sun is 1.99 × 10 30 kilograms and its distance from Earth is 150. million kilometers (150. × 10 9 meters). What is the gravitational force between the sun and Earth? 5.1
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Chapter and Section Chapter 1: Meas
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Chapter and Section Chapter 5: Forc
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Chapter and Section Chapter 9: Heat
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Chapter and Section Chapter 14: Cha
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Chapter and Section Chapter 18: Ear
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Chapter and Section Chapter 24: Wav
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Name: Date: 1.1 Lab Safety What can
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Page 3 of 6 Safety quiz 1. Draw a d
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Page 5 of 6 c. You suddenly you beg
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Name: Date: 1.1 Using Your Textbook
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Page 2 of 3 The following prefixes
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Name: Date: 1.1 Scientific Notation
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Page 3 of 3 3. Write the numbers in
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Page 2 of 4 Example 1: Measuring ob
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Page 4 of 4 4. . Prefix Symbol Mult
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Name: Date: 1.2 Reading Strategies
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Name: Date: 1.2 Stopwatch Math What
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Name: Date: 1.2 Understanding Light
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Name: Date: 1.2 Indirect Measuremen
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Name: Date: 1.3 Dimensional Analysi
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Name: Date: Skill Builder Fractions
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Page 3 of 4 Solving fraction proble
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Name: Date: 1.3 Significant Digits
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Page 3 of 4 Follow these steps for
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Name: Date: 1.3 Study Notes This sk
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Name: Date: 1.3 Science Vocabulary
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Page 3 of 3 Using the table of pref
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Page 2 of 2 5. Earth’s moon is co
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Page 2 of 3 When precise conversion
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Name: Date: 1.4 Creating Scatterplo
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Page 3 of 3 g. What is the position
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Page 2 of 2 1.4 1. Given the variab
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Page 2 of 3 Step 3: Look at the ran
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Name: Date: 1.4 Recognizing Pattern
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Page 3 of 3 Answer the following qu
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Page 2 of 2 4. Measurements: List a
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Page 2 of 2 2. Your teacher shows y
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Page 2 of 4 Recording valid observa
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Page 4 of 4 b. How did the student
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Page 2 of 3 Name: Lucy O. Date: Jan
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Name: Date: 2.2 Using Computer Spre
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Page 3 of 3 5. The following data i
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Page 2 of 2 2. John notices that hi
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Name: Date: 3.1 Latitude and Longit
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Page 3 of 4 Use an atlas or globe t
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Name: Date: 3.1 Map Scales Mapmaker
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Page 3 of 3 f. Point Q to Point M g
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Page 2 of 5 It’s time to go! 3.1
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Page 4 of 5 37. Now you will head t
Page 99 and 100: Name: Date: 4.1 Vectors on a Map Yo
Page 101 and 102: Page 2 of 3 1. Draw a profile map o
Page 103 and 104: Name: Date: 3.3 Bathymetric Maps Im
Page 105 and 106: Page 1 of 2 3.3 Tanya Atwater Tanya
Page 107 and 108: Name: Date: 4.1 Solving Equations w
Page 109 and 110: Page 3 of 4 Use the formula V = l
Page 111 and 112: Name: Date: 4.1 Problem Solving Box
Page 113 and 114: Page 2 of 3 In problems 6 and 7, yo
Page 115 and 116: Name: Date: 4.1 Percent Error When
Page 117 and 118: Page 3 of 3 1. The lab group conduc
Page 119 and 120: Page 2 of 3 1. A bicyclist travels
Page 121 and 122: Name: Date: 4.1 Velocity Speed and
Page 123 and 124: Name: Date: 4.2 Calculating Slope f
Page 125 and 126: Name: Date: 4.2 Analyzing Graphs of
Page 127 and 128: Page 3 of 4 1. For each position-ti
Page 129 and 130: Name: Date: 4.2 Analyzing Graphs of
Page 131 and 132: Name: Date: 4.3 Acceleration Accele
Page 133 and 134: Name: Date: 4.3 Acceleration and Sp
Page 135 and 136: Page 3 of 3 3. Graph 3: 4. Find acc
Page 137 and 138: Page 2 of 3 Example 1: How fast wil
Page 139 and 140: Name: Date: 5.1 Ratios and Proporti
Page 141 and 142: Name: Date: 5.1 Internet Research S
Page 143 and 144: Name: Date: 5.1 Preparing a Bibliog
Page 145 and 146: Name: Date: 5.1 Mass vs. Weight Wha
Page 147 and 148: Page 2 of 2 1. A physical science t
Page 149: Page 2 of 2 How much does it weigh
Page 153 and 154: Name: Date: 5.3 Equilibrium When al
Page 155 and 156: Name: Date: 6.1 Net Force and Newto
Page 157 and 158: Page 2 of 2 Reading reflection 1. I
Page 159 and 160: Name: Date: 6.3 Applying Newton’s
Page 161 and 162: Name: Date: 6.3 Momentum Conservati
Page 163 and 164: Name: Date: 6.3 Collisions and Cons
Page 165 and 166: Name: Date: 6.3 Rate of Change of M
Page 167 and 168: Page 3 of 3 6. A 50.-g (0.050-kg) e
Page 169 and 170: Page 2 of 2 1. A machine uses an in
Page 171 and 172: Page 2 of 2 Example 3: A 500-newton
Page 173 and 174: Page 2 of 2 7. You pull your sled t
Page 175 and 176: Page 2 of 2 The relationship betwee
Page 177 and 178: Page 2 of 2 6. Use the gear ratio f
Page 179 and 180: Page 2 of 2 The three classes of le
Page 181 and 182: Page 2 of 2 3. Now, calculate the g
Page 183 and 184: Page 2 of 2 To do this calculation,
Page 185 and 186: Name: Date: 7.2 Energy Transformati
Page 187 and 188: Name: Date: 7.2 Conservation of Ene
Page 189 and 190: Page 2 of 2 Reading reflection 1. W
Page 191 and 192: Name: Date: 7.3 Power In science, w
Page 193 and 194: Name: Date: 7.3 Power in Flowing En
Page 195 and 196: Name: Date: 7.3 Efficiency and Ener
Page 197 and 198: Page 2 of 2 Reading the temperature
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Page 4 of 4 1. Surface temperatures
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Page 2 of 2 The graph below shows a
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Name: Date: 9.1 Using the Heat Equa
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Name: Date: 10.1 Measuring Mass wit
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Page 3 of 3 Reading the balance cor
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Page 2 of 2 d. Explain how the disp
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Page 2 of 3 Calculating volume of a
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Name: Date: 10.1 Density The densit
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Name: Date: 10.3 Pressure in Fluids
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Name: Date: 10.3 Boyle’s Law The
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Name: Date: 10.4 Charles’s Law Ch
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Name: Date: 10.4 Archimedes 10.4 Ar
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Name: Date: 10.4 Narcís Monturiol
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Name: Date: 10.4 Archimedes’ Prin
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Name: Date: 11.1 Layers of the Atmo
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Page 2 of 2 Reading reflection 1. H
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Page 2 of 3 Using temperature data
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Page 1 of 2 11.3 Joanne Simpson 11.
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Name: Date: 11.3 Weather Maps You h
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Name: Date: 11.3 Tracking a Hurrica
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Page 3 of 4 Hurricane Andrew crosse
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Name: Date: 12.1 Structure of the A
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Name: Date: 12.1 Atoms and Isotopes
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Name: Date: 12.1 Ernest Rutherford
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Name: Date: 12.2 Electrons and Ener
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Page 2 of 2 Periodic Table Groups T
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Page 2 of 2 Using dot diagrams to r
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Page 2 of 2 13.2 Important note: If
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Page 2 of 2 Example 2: Aluminum and
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Page 2 of 2 13.2 Predict the name o
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Page 2 of 2 Using the information i
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Page 2 of 3 Conservation of atoms T
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Name: Date: 14.1 The Avogadro Numbe
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Page 3 of 4 Substance Elements in s
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Name: Date: 14.1 Formula Mass A che
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Name: Date: 14.2 Classifying Reacti
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Name: Date: 14.2 Predicting Chemica
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Name: Date: 14.2 Percent Yield You
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Name: Date: 14.4 Lise Meitner Lise
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Name: Date: 14.4 Marie and Pierre C
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Page 3 of 3 Reading reflection 1. W
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Page 2 of 2 Reading reflection 1. R
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Page 2 of 2 Reading reflection 1. U
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Page 2 of 2 1. The decay series for
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Page 2 of 2 Reading reflection 1. D
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. Page 2 of 3 i. Switches 2, 3, and
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Name: Date: 16.1 Benjamin Franklin
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Name: Date: 16.2 Using an Electric
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Page 3 of 4 Build a series circuit
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Name: Date: 16.3 Voltage, Current,
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Page 3 of 3 Now you will have the o
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Page 2 of 2 7. How much voltage wou
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Page 2 of 2 5. Use the series circu
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Page 2 of 2 In part (d) of problems
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Page 2 of 2 Reading reflection 1. N
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Page 2 of 2 7. The directions—nor
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Page 2 of 2 6. Repeat step 5 to for
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Page 2 of 2 A transformer steps dow
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Page 2 of 2 4. Calculate the power
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Page 2 of 4 Determining the relativ
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Page 4 of 4 Extension—Creating cl
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Page 2 of 2 Reading reflection 1. N
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Name: Date: 19.1 Earth’s Interior
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Page 2 of 2 Reading reflection 1. L
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Page 2 of 2 Reading reflection 1. E
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Name: Date: 19.4 Continental United
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Page 3 of 4 When a mountain is form
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Name: Date: 20.1 Averaging The most
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Page 2 of 5 Locating the epicenter
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Page 4 of 5 20.1 For each of the pr
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Name: Date: 20.2 Volcano Parts 20.2
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Name: Date: 21.2 Calculating Concen
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Name: Date: 21.2 Solubility In this
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Page 3 of 3 The influence of temper
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Page 2 of 3 Work through these exam
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Name: Date: 21.3 Calculating pH The
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Name: Date: 22.1 Groundwater and We
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Page 3 of 3 Testing the model: 1. W
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Name: Date: 24.1 Period and Frequen
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Page 2 of 2 2. Use the grids below
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Page 2 of 2 2. Use the grids below
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Page 2 of 3 x-axis (blocks) Height
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Name: Date: 24.3 Decibel Scale The
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Page 2 of 2 a. ____________________
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Page 2 of 2 2. Two students want to
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Name: Date: 24.3 Palm Pipes Project
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Page 3 of 3 6. Challenge: You can f
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Page 2 of 2 Answer the following pr
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Page 2 of 2 4. You see a chair that
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Page 2 of 2 a. ____________________
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Name: Date: 25.3 Using Ray Diagrams
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Page 2 of 2 2. Light strikes a mirr
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Page 2 of 2 Which way does the ligh
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Page 2 of 2 25.3 1. A lens has a fo
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Name: Date: 26.1 Gravity Problems I
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Name: Date: 26.1 Universal Gravitat
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Page 1 of 2 26.1 Nicolaus Copernicu
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Page 1 of 2 26.1 Galileo Galilei Ga
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Page 1 of 2 26.1 Johannes Kepler 26
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Name: Date: 26.1 Measuring the Moon
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Page 3 of 3 Semi-Circle Card: 26.1
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Page 2 of 2 Reading reflection 1. B
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Page 2 of 2 Part 2: Provisions for
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Page 1 of 2 27.1 Arthur Walker 27.1
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Name: Date: 27.2 The Inverse Square
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Page 2 of 3 1. Fill in the missing
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Name: Date: 28.1 Understanding Ligh
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Name: Date: 28.1 Parsecs You have a
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Page 1 of 2 28.1 Edwin Hubble Edwin
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Name: Date: 28.2 Light Intensity Pr
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Page 2 of 2 If we know the brightne
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Page 2 of 2 Solving Doppler Shift P
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13. A decimeter is 100 times larger
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Skill Sheet 1.3: Significant Digits
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7. Yes, there is a relationship bet
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6. The slope is the same (2.0) unti
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13. S Sh—Sand and shells on the b
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10. 410 miles 11. 6.6 miles -------
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Skill Sheet 4.2: Analyzing Graphs o
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Skill Sheet 5.1: Mass, Weight, and
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Skill Sheet 6.3: Applying Newton’
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Skill Sheet 7.1: Mechanical Advanta
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8. The middle gear turns left. The
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Skill Sheet 7.3: Power in Flowing E
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Skill Sheet 10.1: Calculating volum
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3. Answers are: a. 100 cm 3 b. 13 N
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Skill Sheet 11.3: Weather Maps Samp
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a. b. c. d. e f. Skill Sheet 12.2:
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Skill Sheet 14.1: Chemical Equation
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must be blocking their insulin’s
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8. The current is approximately the
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7. Students can find information ab
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Skill Sheet 17.4: Electrical Power
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Skill Sheet 19.1: Charles Richter 1
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Practice 2: 1. First problem is don
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Skill Sheet 21.3: Calculating pH 1.
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Question 8 (con’t) 9. The new wav
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Skill Sheet 25.2: The Human Eye a.
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Skill Sheet 26.1: Nicolaus Copernic
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Skill Sheet 27.1: Arthur Walker 1.
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