PES Skill Sheets.book - Capital High School

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Name: Date: 14.4 Rosalyn Sussman Yalow 14.4 Rosalyn Sussman Yalow and her research partner, Solomon Berson, developed radioimmunoassay, or RIA. This important medical diagnostic tool uses radioactive isotopes to trace hormones, enzymes, and medicines that exist in such low concentrations in blood that they were previously impossible to detect using other laboratory methods. Encouraged and inspired Rosalyn Sussman was born in 1921 in New York City. Neither of her parents attended school beyond eighth grade, but they encouraged Rosalyn and her older brother to value education. In the early grades, Rosalyn enjoyed math, but in high school her chemistry teacher encouraged her interest in science. She stayed in New York after high school, studying physics and chemistry at Hunter College. After her graduation in 1941, she took a job as a secretary at Columbia University. There were few opportunities for women to attend graduate school, and Sussman hoped that by working at Columbia, she might be able to sit in on some courses. A wartime opportunity However, as the United States began drafting large numbers of men in preparation for war, universities began to accept women rather than close down. In fall 1941, Sussman arrived at the University of Illinois with a teaching assistantship in the <strong>School</strong> of Engineering, where she was the only woman. There, she specialized in the construction and use of devices for measuring radioactive substances. By January 1945 she had earned her doctorate, with honors, in nuclear physics, and married Aaron Yalow, a fellow student. From medical physics to ‘radioimmunoassay’ From 1946–50, Yalow taught physics at Hunter College, which had only introduced it as a major her senior year and which now admitted men. In 1947, she also began working part time at the Veterans Administration Hospital in the Bronx, which was researching medical uses of radioactive substances. In 1950 she joined the hospital full time and began a research partnership with Solomon A. Berson, an internist. Together they developed the basic science, instruments, and mathematical analysis necessary to use radioactive isotopes to measure tiny concentrations of biological substances and certain drugs in blood and other body fluids. They called their technique radioimmunoassay, or RIA. (Yalow also had two children by 1954.) RIA helps diabetes research One early application of RIA was in diabetes research, which was especially significant to Yalow because her husband was diabetic. Diabetes is a condition in which the body is unable to regulate blood sugar levels. This is normally accomplished through the release of a hormone called insulin from the pancreas. Using RIA, they showed that adult diabetics did not always lack insulin in their blood, and that, therefore, something must be blocking their insulin’s normal action. They also studied the body’s immune system response to insulin injected into the bloodstream. Commercial applications, not commerce RIA’s current uses include screening donated blood, determining effective doses of medicines, detecting foreign substances in the blood, testing hormone levels in infertile couples, and treating certain children with growth hormones. Yalow and Berson changed theoretical immunology and could have made their fortunes had they chosen to patent RIA, but instead, Yalow explained, “Patents are about keeping things away from people for the purpose of making money. We wanted others to be able to use RIA.” Berson died unexpectedly in 1972; Yalow had their VA research laboratory named after him, and lamented later that his death had excluded him from sharing the team’s greatest recognition. A rare Nobel winner Yalow was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1977. She was only the second woman to win in that category, for her work on radioimmunoassay of peptide hormones.
Page 2 of 2 Reading reflection 1. Rosalyn Yalow has said that Eve Curie’s biography of her mother, Marie Curie, helped spark her interest in science. Compare the lives of these two scientists. 2. Describe radioimmunoassay in your own words. 3. What information about adult diabetes was discovered using RIA? 4. Find out more about the role of patents in medical research. Do you agree or disagree with Yalow’s statement? Why? 14.4
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Chapter and Section Chapter 1: Meas
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Chapter and Section Chapter 5: Forc
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Chapter and Section Chapter 9: Heat
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Chapter and Section Chapter 14: Cha
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Chapter and Section Chapter 18: Ear
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Chapter and Section Chapter 24: Wav
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Name: Date: 1.1 Lab Safety What can
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Page 3 of 6 Safety quiz 1. Draw a d
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Page 5 of 6 c. You suddenly you beg
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Name: Date: 1.1 Using Your Textbook
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Page 2 of 3 The following prefixes
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Name: Date: 1.1 Scientific Notation
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Page 3 of 3 3. Write the numbers in
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Page 2 of 4 Example 1: Measuring ob
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Page 4 of 4 4. . Prefix Symbol Mult
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Name: Date: 1.2 Reading Strategies
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Name: Date: 1.2 Stopwatch Math What
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Name: Date: 1.2 Understanding Light
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Name: Date: 1.2 Indirect Measuremen
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Name: Date: 1.3 Dimensional Analysi
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Name: Date: Skill Builder Fractions
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Page 3 of 4 Solving fraction proble
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Name: Date: 1.3 Significant Digits
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Page 3 of 4 Follow these steps for
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Name: Date: 1.3 Study Notes This sk
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Name: Date: 1.3 Science Vocabulary
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Page 3 of 3 Using the table of pref
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Page 2 of 2 5. Earth’s moon is co
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Page 2 of 3 When precise conversion
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Name: Date: 1.4 Creating Scatterplo
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Page 3 of 3 g. What is the position
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Page 2 of 2 1.4 1. Given the variab
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Page 2 of 3 Step 3: Look at the ran
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Name: Date: 1.4 Recognizing Pattern
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Page 3 of 3 Answer the following qu
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Page 2 of 2 4. Measurements: List a
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Page 2 of 2 2. Your teacher shows y
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Page 2 of 4 Recording valid observa
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Page 4 of 4 b. How did the student
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Page 2 of 3 Name: Lucy O. Date: Jan
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Name: Date: 2.2 Using Computer Spre
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Page 3 of 3 5. The following data i
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Page 2 of 2 2. John notices that hi
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Name: Date: 3.1 Latitude and Longit
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Page 3 of 4 Use an atlas or globe t
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Name: Date: 3.1 Map Scales Mapmaker
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Page 3 of 3 f. Point Q to Point M g
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Page 2 of 5 It’s time to go! 3.1
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Name: Date: 4.1 Vectors on a Map Yo
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Page 2 of 3 1. Draw a profile map o
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Name: Date: 3.3 Bathymetric Maps Im
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Page 1 of 2 3.3 Tanya Atwater Tanya
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Name: Date: 4.1 Solving Equations w
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Page 3 of 4 Use the formula V = l
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Name: Date: 4.1 Problem Solving Box
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Page 2 of 3 In problems 6 and 7, yo
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Name: Date: 4.1 Percent Error When
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Page 3 of 3 1. The lab group conduc
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Page 2 of 3 1. A bicyclist travels
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Name: Date: 4.1 Velocity Speed and
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Name: Date: 4.2 Calculating Slope f
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Name: Date: 4.2 Analyzing Graphs of
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Page 3 of 4 1. For each position-ti
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Name: Date: 4.2 Analyzing Graphs of
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Name: Date: 4.3 Acceleration Accele
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Name: Date: 4.3 Acceleration and Sp
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Page 3 of 3 3. Graph 3: 4. Find acc
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Page 2 of 3 Example 1: How fast wil
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Name: Date: 5.1 Ratios and Proporti
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Name: Date: 5.1 Internet Research S
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Name: Date: 5.1 Preparing a Bibliog
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Name: Date: 5.1 Mass vs. Weight Wha
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Page 2 of 2 1. A physical science t
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Page 2 of 2 How much does it weigh
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Page 2 of 2 Answer the following pr
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Name: Date: 5.3 Equilibrium When al
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Name: Date: 6.1 Net Force and Newto
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Page 2 of 2 Reading reflection 1. I
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Name: Date: 6.3 Applying Newton’s
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Name: Date: 6.3 Momentum Conservati
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Name: Date: 6.3 Collisions and Cons
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Name: Date: 6.3 Rate of Change of M
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Page 3 of 3 6. A 50.-g (0.050-kg) e
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Page 2 of 2 1. A machine uses an in
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Page 2 of 2 Example 3: A 500-newton
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Page 2 of 2 7. You pull your sled t
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Page 2 of 2 The relationship betwee
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Page 2 of 2 6. Use the gear ratio f
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Page 2 of 2 The three classes of le
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Page 2 of 2 3. Now, calculate the g
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Page 2 of 2 To do this calculation,
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Name: Date: 7.2 Energy Transformati
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Name: Date: 7.2 Conservation of Ene
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Page 2 of 2 Reading reflection 1. W
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Name: Date: 7.3 Power In science, w
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Name: Date: 7.3 Power in Flowing En
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Name: Date: 7.3 Efficiency and Ener
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Page 2 of 2 Reading the temperature
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Page 2 of 4 1. For each of the prob
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Page 4 of 4 1. Surface temperatures
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Page 2 of 2 The graph below shows a
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Name: Date: 9.1 Using the Heat Equa
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Name: Date: 10.1 Measuring Mass wit
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Page 3 of 3 Reading the balance cor
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Page 2 of 2 d. Explain how the disp
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Page 2 of 3 Calculating volume of a
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Name: Date: 10.1 Density The densit
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Name: Date: 10.3 Pressure in Fluids
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Name: Date: 10.3 Boyle’s Law The
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Name: Date: 10.4 Charles’s Law Ch
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Name: Date: 10.4 Archimedes 10.4 Ar
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Name: Date: 10.4 Narcís Monturiol
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Name: Date: 10.4 Archimedes’ Prin
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Name: Date: 11.1 Layers of the Atmo
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Page 2 of 2 Reading reflection 1. H
Page 233 and 234: Page 2 of 3 Using temperature data
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Page 253 and 254: Page 2 of 2 Periodic Table Groups T
Page 255 and 256: Page 2 of 2 Using dot diagrams to r
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Page 289 and 290: Page 2 of 2 1. The decay series for
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Page 293 and 294: . Page 2 of 3 i. Switches 2, 3, and
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Page 299 and 300: Page 3 of 4 Build a series circuit
Page 301 and 302: Name: Date: 16.3 Voltage, Current,
Page 303 and 304: Page 3 of 3 Now you will have the o
Page 305 and 306: Page 2 of 2 7. How much voltage wou
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Page 309 and 310: Page 2 of 2 In part (d) of problems
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Page 317 and 318: Page 2 of 2 7. The directions—nor
Page 319 and 320: Page 2 of 2 6. Repeat step 5 to for
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Page 323 and 324: Page 2 of 2 A transformer steps dow
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Name: Date: 19.1 Earth’s Interior
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Page 2 of 2 Reading reflection 1. L
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Page 2 of 2 Reading reflection 1. W
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Page 2 of 2 Reading reflection 1. E
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Name: Date: 19.4 Continental United
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Page 3 of 4 When a mountain is form
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Name: Date: 20.1 Averaging The most
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Page 2 of 5 Locating the epicenter
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Page 4 of 5 20.1 For each of the pr
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Name: Date: 20.2 Volcano Parts 20.2
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Name: Date: 21.2 Calculating Concen
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Name: Date: 21.2 Solubility In this
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Page 3 of 3 The influence of temper
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Page 2 of 3 Work through these exam
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Name: Date: 21.3 Calculating pH The
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Name: Date: 22.1 Groundwater and We
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Page 3 of 3 Testing the model: 1. W
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Name: Date: 24.1 Period and Frequen
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Page 2 of 2 2. Use the grids below
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Page 2 of 2 2. Use the grids below
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Page 2 of 3 x-axis (blocks) Height
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Name: Date: 24.3 Decibel Scale The
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Page 2 of 2 a. ____________________
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Page 2 of 2 2. Two students want to
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Name: Date: 24.3 Palm Pipes Project
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Page 3 of 3 6. Challenge: You can f
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Page 2 of 2 Answer the following pr
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Page 2 of 2 4. You see a chair that
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Page 2 of 2 a. ____________________
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Name: Date: 25.3 Using Ray Diagrams
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Page 2 of 2 2. Light strikes a mirr
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Page 2 of 2 Which way does the ligh
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Page 2 of 2 25.3 1. A lens has a fo
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Name: Date: 26.1 Gravity Problems I
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Name: Date: 26.1 Universal Gravitat
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Page 1 of 2 26.1 Nicolaus Copernicu
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Page 1 of 2 26.1 Galileo Galilei Ga
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Page 1 of 2 26.1 Johannes Kepler 26
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Name: Date: 26.1 Measuring the Moon
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Page 3 of 3 Semi-Circle Card: 26.1
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Page 2 of 2 Reading reflection 1. B
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Page 2 of 2 Part 2: Provisions for
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Page 1 of 2 27.1 Arthur Walker 27.1
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Name: Date: 27.2 The Inverse Square
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Page 2 of 3 1. Fill in the missing
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Name: Date: 28.1 Understanding Ligh
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Name: Date: 28.1 Parsecs You have a
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Page 1 of 2 28.1 Edwin Hubble Edwin
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Name: Date: 28.2 Light Intensity Pr
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Page 2 of 2 If we know the brightne
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Page 2 of 2 Solving Doppler Shift P
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13. A decimeter is 100 times larger
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Skill Sheet 1.3: Significant Digits
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7. Yes, there is a relationship bet
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6. The slope is the same (2.0) unti
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13. S Sh—Sand and shells on the b
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10. 410 miles 11. 6.6 miles -------
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Skill Sheet 4.2: Analyzing Graphs o
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Skill Sheet 5.1: Mass, Weight, and
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Skill Sheet 6.3: Applying Newton’
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Skill Sheet 7.1: Mechanical Advanta
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8. The middle gear turns left. The
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Skill Sheet 7.3: Power in Flowing E
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Skill Sheet 10.1: Calculating volum
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3. Answers are: a. 100 cm 3 b. 13 N
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Skill Sheet 11.3: Weather Maps Samp
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a. b. c. d. e f. Skill Sheet 12.2:
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Skill Sheet 14.1: Chemical Equation
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must be blocking their insulin’s
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8. The current is approximately the
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7. Students can find information ab
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Skill Sheet 17.4: Electrical Power
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Skill Sheet 19.1: Charles Richter 1
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Practice 2: 1. First problem is don
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Skill Sheet 21.3: Calculating pH 1.
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Question 8 (con’t) 9. The new wav
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Skill Sheet 25.2: The Human Eye a.
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Skill Sheet 26.1: Nicolaus Copernic
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Skill Sheet 27.1: Arthur Walker 1.
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