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PES Skill Sheets.book - Capital High School

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<strong>Skill</strong> Sheet 26.1: Measuring the Moon’s Diameter<br />

Part 1 answers:<br />

There are no questions to answer for Part 1.<br />

Part 2 answers:<br />

1. AC = 6 cm<br />

AD = 6 cm<br />

AB = 2 cm<br />

AE = 2 cm<br />

BE = 2 cm<br />

CD = 6 cm<br />

2. Distance AB is 1/3 of the distance AC<br />

3. Distance BE is 1/3 of the distance CD<br />

4. If a triangle is drawn inside a larger triangle so that they share<br />

the same vertex and have bases that are parallel, then the sides<br />

<strong>Skill</strong> Sheet 26.2: Benjamin Banneker<br />

1. An understanding of gear ratios was necessary for building<br />

the clock. He used geometry skills to figure out how to create<br />

a large-scale model of each tiny piece of the watch he<br />

examined.<br />

2. Personal strengths identified from the reading include strong<br />

spacial skills (building the clock), creativity and problem<br />

solving skills (irrigation system), curiosity and attention to<br />

detail (astronomical observations, cicada observations, and<br />

almanac), concern for others (letter to Jefferson).<br />

3. Dates are as follows:<br />

a. 1863<br />

b. 1865<br />

c. 1920<br />

d. 1954<br />

4. Any three of the following answers is correct. Banneker’s<br />

accomplishments include:<br />

a. Designed an irrigation system<br />

b. Documented cycle of 17-year cicada<br />

c. Published detailed astronomical calculations in popular<br />

almanacs<br />

<strong>Skill</strong> Sheet 26.3: Touring the Solar System<br />

Part 1 answers:<br />

Legs of the trip Distance Hours Days Years<br />

travelled for<br />

each leg (km)<br />

travelled travelled travelled<br />

Earth to Mars 78,000,000 86,666 3,611 9.9<br />

Mars to Saturn 1,202,000,000 1,335,600 55,648 152<br />

Saturn to Neptune 3,070,000,000 3,411,100 142,130 389<br />

Neptune to Venus 4,392,000,000 4,880,000 203,330 557<br />

Venus to Earth 42,000,000 46,667 1,944 5.3<br />

Part 2 answers:<br />

1.<br />

2.<br />

8 glasses 3,611 days = 28,888 glasses of water<br />

1 day ×<br />

2, 000 food calories<br />

×<br />

203, 330 days =<br />

1 day<br />

406,660,000 food calories<br />

<strong>Skill</strong> Sheet 27.1: The Sun: A Cross-Section<br />

A. Corona<br />

B. Chromosphere<br />

C. Photosphere<br />

Page 55 of 57<br />

and base of the small triangle will be proportional to the sides<br />

and base of the large triangle.<br />

Part 3 answers:<br />

Answers will vary. A string distance of about 1 meter will<br />

yield good results.<br />

Part 4 answers:<br />

1. A and D are the same, but D is most helpful because it is set<br />

up with the unknown in the numerator.<br />

2. Answers will vary. A string distance of about 1 meter should<br />

give a value close to the accepted moon diameter; 3,476,000<br />

meters.<br />

3. The semi-circle diameter is the base of the small triangle; the<br />

base of the large triangle is what we are solving for: the<br />

d. Served as surveyor of territory that became Washington<br />

D.C.<br />

5. Banneker evidently had a strong innate curiosity about the<br />

natural world. He was passionate about improving the welfare<br />

of the black men and women in the United States and his<br />

letter to Jefferson stated that he hoped his scientific work<br />

would be seen as proof that people of all races are created<br />

equal.<br />

6. Banneker’s puzzles can be found on several web sites. Using<br />

an Internet search engine, look for “Benjamin Banneker” +<br />

puzzle. Some of the sites publish the answers while others do<br />

not. Here is one of Banneker’s puzzles taken from the web<br />

site www.thefriendsofbanneker.org. Note that the puzzle was<br />

written in the 1700’s and is from Banneker’s personal<br />

journals.<br />

THE PUZZLE ABOUT TRIANGLES<br />

“Suppose ladder 60 feet long be placed in a Street so as to<br />

reach a window on the one side 37 feet high, and without<br />

moving it at bottom, will reach another window on the other<br />

side of the Street which is 23 feet high, requiring the breadth<br />

of the Street.” [No solution recorded in historic records.]<br />

3. Pack foods high in fat for the journey because you get more<br />

calories per gram than from proteins and carbohydrates and<br />

you want a payload minimum.<br />

4. Your entire trip will take 1,113 years, so you will need that<br />

many turkeys.<br />

Part 3 answers:<br />

1. Jupiter; it has 39 moons.<br />

2. Venus has the hottest surface temperature; Neptune has the<br />

coldest surface temperature.<br />

3. Venus; it takes 243 Earth days to rotate once around its axis.<br />

4. Jupiter has the shorter day; it takes 0.41 Earth days to rotate.<br />

5. Jupiter; it has the strongest gravitational force. You will<br />

weigh 2.36 times your Earth weight in Newtons.<br />

6. Jupiter; it has the largest diameter of 142,796 km.<br />

7. Jupiter; it has the strongest gravitational force, therefore the<br />

spaceship must orbit at a fast speed to balance the<br />

gravitational force pulling the spaceship towards Jupiter’s<br />

surface.<br />

D. Convection zone<br />

E. Radiation zone<br />

F. Core

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