PES Skill Sheets.book - Capital High School

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4. The freezing temperature of iron is about 1,500°C. The melting and freezing temperatures of a substance are the same. 5. The boiling temperature of iron is about 2,800°C. 6. The boiling temperature of iron is about 2,700°C higher than the boiling temperature of water. That means it takes a lot more heat energy to break the intermolecular forces between iron atoms than those between water molecules. Iron’s intermolecular forces are much stronger than water’s. 7. Freezing occurred between points B and C. 8. The freezing and melting temperatures are the same—69°C. 9. The melting temperature of stearic acid is higher than water’s melting temperature. The intermolecular forces between Skill Sheet 9.1: Specific Heat 1. Gold would heat up the quickest because it has the lowest specific heat. 2. Pure water is the best insulator because it has the highest specific heat. 3. Silver is a better conductor of heat than wood because its specific heat is lower than that of wood. Skill Sheet 9.1: Using the Heat Equation 1. 323 J 2. 588 J 3. 2,243 J 4. The gold would cool down fastest. It has to release only 323 J of energy to return to its original temperature. Skill Sheet 9.2: Heat Transfer Definitions: Heat conduction: The transfer of heat by the direct contact of particles of matter. Convection: The transfer of heat by the motion of matter, such as by moving air or water. Thermal radiation: Heat transfer by electromagnetic waves, including light. 1. Conduction. The water molecules collide with the frozen shrimp, transferring thermal energy by direct contact. 2. Radiation and heat conduction. Heat from the Sun is radiated to Earth. The black asphalt absorbs more of this radiation than the light-colored sidewalk. Heat is transferred from the sidewalk and the asphalt to Juan’s feet by the process of heat conduction. Since the sidewalk absorbed more heat, it can transfer more heat to Juan’s feet. 3. Convection. A thermal is a convection current in the atmosphere. 4. Radiation and convection. the hot space heater emits thermal radiation, and convection currents distribute the heat throughout the room. Page 25 of 57 stearic acid molecules are stronger than those between water molecules. That’s why it would take more heat energy to melt stearic acid. 10. Yes, a substance can definitely be cooled below its freezing temperature. The ice in the first graph started at –20°C. The iron started 1,500°C below its freezing temperature, and the stearic acid continued to cool well below its freezing temperature. The molecules in a solid have some kinetic energy at their freezing temperatures. Their kinetic energy slowly decreases as they cool down further. Absolute zero (–273°C) is the point at which molecules have the minimum possible kinetic energy. 4. Aluminum, because it has the higher specific heat. 5. 5°C × 4,184J/kg °C = 20,920 J 6. At the same temperature, the larger mass of water contains more thermal energy. 5. 711,280 J 6. 440,000 J 7. 5.6 °C 8. 4,393,200 J Skill Sheet 10.1: Measuring Mass With a Triple-Beam Balance Answers will vary. Skill Sheet 10.1: Measuring Volume Stop and Think: a. Sample student answer: The water level will rise so that it spills out of the spout. b. A fist-sized rock will displace more water because it is bigger and will sink (an acorn may float). collected. The volume of water that spills equals the volume of the object. 5. Conduction. The mother duck is in direct contact with the eggs so the heat is transferred from her body directly to the eggs. 6. Radiation. Thermal energy from the Sun is absorbed by the car. 7. Conduction. The molecules of hot coffee collide with the molecules of cold milk. The average kinetic energy of the coffee molecules decreases, and the average kinetic energy of the milk molecules increases until thermal equilibrium is reached. The equilibrium temperature is lower than the initial temperature of the coffee. 8. Convection. A sea breeze is a convection current in the atmosphere, created when air over the land is heated and rises. Then cool air from over the water rushes in to take its place, creating the sea breeze. 9. Conduction. The heat from the water is transferred directly to the pipes, then to the marble floor, then to the feet. 10. Conduction and convection. First the heat from the water is transferred to the pipes and then to the floor. Then convection currents circulate the heat from the floor to all parts of the room. c. The volume of spilled water equals the amount of water that is displaced by the object. d. Water is added to the displacement tank until it can hold no more without the water spilling out of the spout. Then an object is placed in the tank and the spilled water is
Skill Sheet 10.1: Calculating volume Stop and Think: a. cm 3 or centimeters cubed b. 64 in 3 c. Area is calculated using two dimensions (length and width). Volume is calculated using three dimensions (length, width, and height). d. 64 cubes each 1 cm 3 would fit Calculating volume of a rectangular prism: 1. 24 cm 2 2. 48 cm 3 3. 90 cm 3 Calculating volume of a triangular prism: 1. 3 cm 2 2. 18 cm 3 3. 100 cm 3 Calculating volume of a cylinder: 1. 28.3 cm 2 2. 170 cm 3 3. 402 cm 3 Calculating volume of a cone: Skill Sheet 10.1: Density 1. 1.10 g/cm3 2. 0.870 g/cm3 3. 2.7 g/cm3 4. 920,000 grams or 920 kilograms 5. 2,420 grams or 2.42 kilograms 6. 1,025 grams or 1.025 kilograms 7. 1,200 cm3 8. 29.8 cm3 9. 11.4 mL Skill Sheet 10.3: Pressure in Fluids 1. 50,000 Pa 2. 157,000 N 3. 0.0015 m2 4. 5 m2 5. If the area of the input piston is doubled, the pressure transmitted by the system is cut in half. 6. If the area of the input piston is doubled (and no other variables are changed), the output force is cut in half. Skill Sheet 10.3: Boyle’s Law 1. 3.25 atm 2. 36 m 3 3. 563 kPa 4. 570 liters 5. 25 liters Skill Sheet 10.4: Buoyancy 1. Sink 2. Float 3. 0.12 N 4. 0.10 N 5. The light corn syrup has greater buoyant force than the vegetable oil. 6. 0.13 N Page 26 of 57 1. 78.5 cm 2 2. 628 cm 3 3. 134 cm 3 ; this volume is one-third the value of the volume of the cylinder with similar dimensions. Calculating volume of a rectangular pyramid: 1. 20 cm 2 2. 40 cm 3 3. 66.7 cm 3 4. About 6.25 cm Calculating volume of a triangular pyramid: 1. 6 cm 2 2. 14 cm 3 3. 50 cm 3 4. 12.6 cm Calculating volume of a sphere: 1. 268 cm 3 2. 33.5 cm 3 3. 523 cm 3 (assume 3.14 for pi) 10. Answers are: a. density = 960. kg/m 3 , HDPE b. 76,000 grams or 76 kilograms c. The volume needed is 0.11 m 3 ; 11 10-liter containers would be needed to hold the plastic d. HDPE, LDPE, PP (PS would probably be suspended in seawater) 7. No, the output distance must be less than the input distance. Output work (output force × output distance) can never be greater than input work (input force × input distance). 8. The woman’s force (540 N) remains constant whether she’s wearing high heels or snowshoes. But the area over which the force is applied is much greater with snowshoes than high heels. Since pressure = force ÷ area, the pressure applied to the floor by high heeled shoes is much greater than the pressure applied to the snow by the snowshoes. 7. The buoyant force would be smaller if the gold cube were suspended in water. Student explanations may vary. A simple observation, such as “The water is thinner than the molasses” is acceptable, as well as the more sophisticated “The displaced water would weigh less than the displaced molasses” or “The water is less dense than the molasses.”
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Chapter and Section Chapter 1: Meas
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Chapter and Section Chapter 5: Forc
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Chapter and Section Chapter 9: Heat
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Chapter and Section Chapter 14: Cha
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Chapter and Section Chapter 18: Ear
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Chapter and Section Chapter 24: Wav
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Name: Date: 1.1 Lab Safety What can
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Page 3 of 6 Safety quiz 1. Draw a d
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Page 5 of 6 c. You suddenly you beg
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Name: Date: 1.1 Using Your Textbook
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Page 2 of 3 The following prefixes
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Name: Date: 1.1 Scientific Notation
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Page 3 of 3 3. Write the numbers in
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Page 2 of 4 Example 1: Measuring ob
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Page 4 of 4 4. . Prefix Symbol Mult
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Name: Date: 1.2 Reading Strategies
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Name: Date: 1.2 Stopwatch Math What
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Name: Date: 1.2 Understanding Light
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Name: Date: 1.2 Indirect Measuremen
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Name: Date: 1.3 Dimensional Analysi
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Name: Date: Skill Builder Fractions
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Page 3 of 4 Solving fraction proble
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Name: Date: 1.3 Significant Digits
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Page 3 of 4 Follow these steps for
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Name: Date: 1.3 Study Notes This sk
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Name: Date: 1.3 Science Vocabulary
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Page 3 of 3 Using the table of pref
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Page 2 of 2 5. Earth’s moon is co
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Name: Date: 1.4 Creating Scatterplo
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Name: Date: 1.4 Recognizing Pattern
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Page 3 of 3 Answer the following qu
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Page 2 of 2 4. Measurements: List a
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Page 2 of 2 2. Your teacher shows y
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Page 2 of 4 Recording valid observa
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Page 4 of 4 b. How did the student
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Page 2 of 3 Name: Lucy O. Date: Jan
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Name: Date: 2.2 Using Computer Spre
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Page 3 of 3 5. The following data i
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Page 2 of 2 2. John notices that hi
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Name: Date: 3.1 Latitude and Longit
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Page 3 of 4 Use an atlas or globe t
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Name: Date: 3.1 Map Scales Mapmaker
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Page 3 of 3 f. Point Q to Point M g
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Page 2 of 5 It’s time to go! 3.1
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Name: Date: 4.1 Vectors on a Map Yo
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Page 2 of 3 1. Draw a profile map o
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Name: Date: 3.3 Bathymetric Maps Im
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Page 1 of 2 3.3 Tanya Atwater Tanya
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Name: Date: 4.1 Solving Equations w
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Page 3 of 4 Use the formula V = l
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Name: Date: 4.1 Problem Solving Box
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Page 2 of 3 In problems 6 and 7, yo
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Name: Date: 4.1 Percent Error When
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Page 3 of 3 1. The lab group conduc
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Page 2 of 3 1. A bicyclist travels
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Name: Date: 4.1 Velocity Speed and
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Name: Date: 4.2 Calculating Slope f
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Name: Date: 4.2 Analyzing Graphs of
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Page 3 of 4 1. For each position-ti
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Name: Date: 4.2 Analyzing Graphs of
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Name: Date: 4.3 Acceleration Accele
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Name: Date: 4.3 Acceleration and Sp
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Page 3 of 3 3. Graph 3: 4. Find acc
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Page 2 of 3 Example 1: How fast wil
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Name: Date: 5.1 Ratios and Proporti
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Name: Date: 5.1 Internet Research S
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Name: Date: 5.1 Preparing a Bibliog
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Name: Date: 5.1 Mass vs. Weight Wha
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Page 2 of 2 1. A physical science t
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Page 2 of 2 How much does it weigh
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Page 2 of 2 Answer the following pr
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Name: Date: 5.3 Equilibrium When al
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Name: Date: 6.1 Net Force and Newto
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Page 2 of 2 Reading reflection 1. I
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Name: Date: 6.3 Applying Newton’s
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Name: Date: 6.3 Momentum Conservati
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Name: Date: 6.3 Collisions and Cons
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Name: Date: 6.3 Rate of Change of M
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Page 3 of 3 6. A 50.-g (0.050-kg) e
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Page 2 of 2 1. A machine uses an in
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Page 2 of 2 Example 3: A 500-newton
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Page 2 of 2 7. You pull your sled t
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Page 2 of 2 The relationship betwee
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Page 2 of 2 6. Use the gear ratio f
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Page 2 of 2 The three classes of le
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Page 2 of 2 3. Now, calculate the g
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Page 2 of 2 To do this calculation,
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Name: Date: 7.2 Energy Transformati
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Name: Date: 7.2 Conservation of Ene
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Page 2 of 2 Reading reflection 1. W
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Name: Date: 7.3 Power In science, w
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Name: Date: 7.3 Power in Flowing En
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Name: Date: 7.3 Efficiency and Ener
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Page 2 of 2 Reading the temperature
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Page 2 of 4 1. For each of the prob
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Page 4 of 4 1. Surface temperatures
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Page 2 of 2 The graph below shows a
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Name: Date: 9.1 Using the Heat Equa
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Name: Date: 10.1 Measuring Mass wit
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Page 3 of 3 Reading the balance cor
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Page 2 of 2 d. Explain how the disp
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Page 2 of 3 Calculating volume of a
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Name: Date: 10.1 Density The densit
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Name: Date: 10.3 Pressure in Fluids
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Name: Date: 10.3 Boyle’s Law The
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Name: Date: 10.4 Charles’s Law Ch
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Name: Date: 10.4 Archimedes 10.4 Ar
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Name: Date: 10.4 Narcís Monturiol
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Name: Date: 10.4 Archimedes’ Prin
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Name: Date: 11.1 Layers of the Atmo
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Page 2 of 2 Reading reflection 1. H
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Page 2 of 3 Using temperature data
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Page 1 of 2 11.3 Joanne Simpson 11.
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Name: Date: 11.3 Weather Maps You h
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Name: Date: 11.3 Tracking a Hurrica
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Page 3 of 4 Hurricane Andrew crosse
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Name: Date: 12.1 Structure of the A
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Name: Date: 12.1 Atoms and Isotopes
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Name: Date: 12.1 Ernest Rutherford
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Name: Date: 12.2 Electrons and Ener
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Page 2 of 2 Periodic Table Groups T
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Page 2 of 2 Using dot diagrams to r
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Page 2 of 2 13.2 Important note: If
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Page 2 of 2 Example 2: Aluminum and
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Page 2 of 2 13.2 Predict the name o
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Page 2 of 2 Using the information i
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Page 2 of 3 Conservation of atoms T
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Name: Date: 14.1 The Avogadro Numbe
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Page 3 of 4 Substance Elements in s
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Name: Date: 14.1 Formula Mass A che
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Name: Date: 14.2 Classifying Reacti
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Name: Date: 14.2 Predicting Chemica
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Name: Date: 14.2 Percent Yield You
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Name: Date: 14.4 Lise Meitner Lise
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Name: Date: 14.4 Marie and Pierre C
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Page 2 of 2 Reading reflection 1. R
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Page 2 of 2 Reading reflection 1. U
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Page 2 of 2 1. The decay series for
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Page 2 of 2 Reading reflection 1. D
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. Page 2 of 3 i. Switches 2, 3, and
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Name: Date: 16.1 Benjamin Franklin
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Name: Date: 16.2 Using an Electric
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Page 3 of 4 Build a series circuit
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Name: Date: 16.3 Voltage, Current,
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Page 3 of 3 Now you will have the o
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Page 2 of 2 7. How much voltage wou
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Page 2 of 2 5. Use the series circu
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Page 2 of 2 In part (d) of problems
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Page 2 of 2 Reading reflection 1. N
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Page 2 of 2 7. The directions—nor
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Page 2 of 2 6. Repeat step 5 to for
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Page 2 of 2 A transformer steps dow
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Page 2 of 2 4. Calculate the power
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Page 2 of 4 Determining the relativ
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Page 4 of 4 Extension—Creating cl
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Page 2 of 2 Reading reflection 1. N
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Name: Date: 19.1 Earth’s Interior
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Page 2 of 2 Reading reflection 1. L
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Page 2 of 2 Reading reflection 1. E
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Name: Date: 19.4 Continental United
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Page 3 of 4 When a mountain is form
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Name: Date: 20.1 Averaging The most
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Page 2 of 5 Locating the epicenter
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Page 4 of 5 20.1 For each of the pr
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Name: Date: 20.2 Volcano Parts 20.2
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Name: Date: 21.2 Calculating Concen
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Name: Date: 21.2 Solubility In this
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Page 3 of 3 The influence of temper
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Page 2 of 3 Work through these exam
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Name: Date: 21.3 Calculating pH The
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Name: Date: 22.1 Groundwater and We
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Page 3 of 3 Testing the model: 1. W
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Name: Date: 24.1 Period and Frequen
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Page 2 of 2 2. Use the grids below
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Page 2 of 2 2. Use the grids below
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Page 2 of 3 x-axis (blocks) Height
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Name: Date: 24.3 Decibel Scale The
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Page 2 of 2 a. ____________________
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Page 2 of 2 2. Two students want to
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Name: Date: 24.3 Palm Pipes Project
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Page 3 of 3 6. Challenge: You can f
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Page 2 of 2 Answer the following pr
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Page 2 of 2 4. You see a chair that
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Page 2 of 2 a. ____________________
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Name: Date: 25.3 Using Ray Diagrams
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Page 2 of 2 2. Light strikes a mirr
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Page 2 of 2 Which way does the ligh
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Page 2 of 2 25.3 1. A lens has a fo
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Name: Date: 26.1 Gravity Problems I
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Name: Date: 26.1 Universal Gravitat
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Page 1 of 2 26.1 Nicolaus Copernicu
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Page 1 of 2 26.1 Galileo Galilei Ga
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Page 1 of 2 26.1 Johannes Kepler 26
Page 415 and 416: Name: Date: 26.1 Measuring the Moon
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Page 419 and 420: Page 2 of 2 Reading reflection 1. B
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Page 423 and 424: Page 1 of 2 27.1 Arthur Walker 27.1
Page 425 and 426: Name: Date: 27.2 The Inverse Square
Page 427 and 428: Page 2 of 3 1. Fill in the missing
Page 429 and 430: Name: Date: 28.1 Understanding Ligh
Page 431 and 432: Name: Date: 28.1 Parsecs You have a
Page 433 and 434: Page 1 of 2 28.1 Edwin Hubble Edwin
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Page 437 and 438: Page 2 of 2 Reading reflection 1. H
Page 439 and 440: Page 2 of 2 If we know the brightne
Page 441 and 442: Page 2 of 2 Solving Doppler Shift P
Page 443 and 444: 13. A decimeter is 100 times larger
Page 445 and 446: Skill Sheet 1.3: Significant Digits
Page 447 and 448: 7. Yes, there is a relationship bet
Page 449 and 450: 6. The slope is the same (2.0) unti
Page 451 and 452: 13. S Sh—Sand and shells on the b
Page 453 and 454: 10. 410 miles 11. 6.6 miles -------
Page 455 and 456: Skill Sheet 4.2: Analyzing Graphs o
Page 457 and 458: Skill Sheet 5.1: Mass, Weight, and
Page 459 and 460: Skill Sheet 6.3: Applying Newton’
Page 461 and 462: Skill Sheet 7.1: Mechanical Advanta
Page 463 and 464: 8. The middle gear turns left. The
Page 465: Skill Sheet 7.3: Power in Flowing E
Page 469 and 470: 3. Answers are: a. 100 cm 3 b. 13 N
Page 471 and 472: Skill Sheet 11.3: Weather Maps Samp
Page 473 and 474: a. b. c. d. e f. Skill Sheet 12.2:
Page 475 and 476: Skill Sheet 14.1: Chemical Equation
Page 477 and 478: must be blocking their insulin’s
Page 479 and 480: 8. The current is approximately the
Page 481 and 482: 7. Students can find information ab
Page 483 and 484: Skill Sheet 17.4: Electrical Power
Page 485 and 486: Skill Sheet 19.1: Charles Richter 1
Page 487 and 488: Practice 2: 1. First problem is don
Page 489 and 490: Skill Sheet 21.3: Calculating pH 1.
Page 491 and 492: Question 8 (con’t) 9. The new wav
Page 493 and 494: Skill Sheet 25.2: The Human Eye a.
Page 495 and 496: Skill Sheet 26.1: Nicolaus Copernic
Page 497 and 498: Skill Sheet 27.1: Arthur Walker 1.
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