PES Skill Sheets.book - Capital High School

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Page 3 of 3 First, choose one element to balance. Let’s start by balancing chlorine. Since there are two atoms of chlorine on the product side and only one on the reactant side, we need to place a “2” in front of the substance containing the chlorine, the NaCl. This now gives us two atoms of chlorine on both the reactant and product sides of the equation. However, it also give us two atoms of sodium on the reactant side! This is fine—often balancing one element will temporarily unbalance another. By the end of the process, however, all elements will be balanced. We now have the choice of balancing either the iodine or the sodium. Let's balance the iodine. (It doesn’t matter which element we choose.) There are two atoms of iodine on the reactant side of the equation and only one on the product side. Placing a coefficient of “2” in front of the substance containing iodine on the product side: There are now two atoms of iodine on either side of the equation, and at the same time we balanced the number of sodium atoms! In this chemical reaction, two molecules of sodium chloride react with one molecule of iodine to produce two molecules of sodium iodide and one molecule of chlorine. Our equation is balanced. Balance the following equations using the appropriate coefficients. Remember that balancing one element may temporarily unbalance another. You will have to correct the imbalance in the final equation. Check your work by counting the total number of atoms of each element—the numbers should be equal on the reactant and product sides of the equation. Remember, the equations cannot be balanced by changing subscript numbers! 1. Al + O2 → Al2O3 2. CO + H2 → H2O + CH4 3. HgO → Hg + O2 4. CaCO3 → CaO + CO2 5. C + Fe2O3 → Fe + CO2 6. N2 + H2 → NH3 7. K + H2O → KOH + H2 8. P + O2 → P2O5 9. Ba(OH) 2 + H2SO4 → H2O + BaSO4 10. CaF2 + H2SO4 → CaSO4 + HF 11. KClO3 → KClO4 + KCl 2NaCl+ I2 → NaI + Cl2 2NaCl+ I2 → 2NaI + Cl2 14.1
Name: Date: 14.1 The Avogadro Number Atoms are so small that you could fit millions of them on the head of a pin. As you have learned, the masses of atoms and molecules are measured in atomic mass units. Working with atomic mass units in the laboratory is very difficult because each atomic mass unit has a mass of 1 / 12 the mass of one carbon atom. In order to make atomic mass units more useful, it would be convenient to relate the value of one atomic mass unit to one gram. One gram is an amount of matter we can actually see. For example, the mass of one paper clip is about 2.5 grams. The Avogadro number, 6.02 × 10 23 , allows us to convert atomic mass units to grams. What is a mole? In chemistry, the term “mole” does not refer to a furry animal that lives underground. In chemistry, a mole is quantity of something and is used just like we use the term “dozen.” One dozen is equal to 12. One mole is equal to 6.02 × 10 23 , or the Avogadro number. If you have a dozen oranges, you have 12. If you have a mole of oranges, you have 6.02 × 10 23 . This would be enough oranges to cover the entire surface of Earth seven feet deep in oranges! Could you work with only a dozen atoms in the laboratory? You cannot see 12 atoms without the aid of a very powerful microscope. A mole of atoms would be much easier to work with in the laboratory because the mass of one mole of atoms can be measured in grams. Moles allow us to convert atomic mass units to grams. This relationship is illustrated below: 1 carbon atom = 12.0 amu To calculate the mass of one mole of any substance (the molar mass), you use the periodic table to find the atomic mass (not the mass number) for the element or for the elements that create the compound. You then express this value in grams. Substance Elements in substance Atomic mass of element (amu) No. of atoms of each element Formula mass (amu) Molar mass (g) Na Na 22.99 1 22.99 22.99 U U 238.03 1 238.03 238.03 H2O H 1.01 2 18.02 18.02 O 16.00 1 CaCO3 Ca 40.08 1 100.09 100.09 C 12.01 1 O 16.00 3 Al(NO3) 3 213.01 213.01 Al N O 1 mole of carbon atoms 6.02 10 23 = × atoms = 12.0 grams 26.98 14.01 16.00 1 3 9 14.1
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Chapter and Section Chapter 1: Meas
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Chapter and Section Chapter 5: Forc
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Chapter and Section Chapter 9: Heat
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Chapter and Section Chapter 14: Cha
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Chapter and Section Chapter 18: Ear
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Chapter and Section Chapter 24: Wav
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Name: Date: 1.1 Lab Safety What can
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Page 3 of 6 Safety quiz 1. Draw a d
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Page 5 of 6 c. You suddenly you beg
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Name: Date: 1.1 Using Your Textbook
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Page 2 of 3 The following prefixes
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Name: Date: 1.1 Scientific Notation
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Page 3 of 3 3. Write the numbers in
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Page 2 of 4 Example 1: Measuring ob
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Page 4 of 4 4. . Prefix Symbol Mult
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Name: Date: 1.2 Reading Strategies
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Name: Date: 1.2 Stopwatch Math What
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Name: Date: 1.2 Understanding Light
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Name: Date: 1.2 Indirect Measuremen
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Name: Date: 1.3 Dimensional Analysi
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Name: Date: Skill Builder Fractions
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Page 3 of 4 Solving fraction proble
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Name: Date: 1.3 Significant Digits
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Page 3 of 4 Follow these steps for
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Name: Date: 1.3 Study Notes This sk
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Name: Date: 1.3 Science Vocabulary
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Page 3 of 3 Using the table of pref
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Page 2 of 2 5. Earth’s moon is co
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Page 2 of 3 When precise conversion
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Name: Date: 1.4 Creating Scatterplo
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Page 3 of 3 g. What is the position
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Page 2 of 2 1.4 1. Given the variab
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Page 2 of 3 Step 3: Look at the ran
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Name: Date: 1.4 Recognizing Pattern
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Page 3 of 3 Answer the following qu
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Page 2 of 2 4. Measurements: List a
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Page 2 of 2 2. Your teacher shows y
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Page 2 of 4 Recording valid observa
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Page 4 of 4 b. How did the student
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Page 2 of 3 Name: Lucy O. Date: Jan
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Name: Date: 2.2 Using Computer Spre
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Page 3 of 3 5. The following data i
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Page 2 of 2 2. John notices that hi
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Name: Date: 3.1 Latitude and Longit
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Page 3 of 4 Use an atlas or globe t
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Name: Date: 3.1 Map Scales Mapmaker
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Page 3 of 3 f. Point Q to Point M g
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Page 2 of 5 It’s time to go! 3.1
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Page 4 of 5 37. Now you will head t
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Name: Date: 4.1 Vectors on a Map Yo
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Page 2 of 3 1. Draw a profile map o
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Name: Date: 3.3 Bathymetric Maps Im
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Page 1 of 2 3.3 Tanya Atwater Tanya
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Name: Date: 4.1 Solving Equations w
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Page 3 of 4 Use the formula V = l
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Name: Date: 4.1 Problem Solving Box
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Page 2 of 3 In problems 6 and 7, yo
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Name: Date: 4.1 Percent Error When
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Page 3 of 3 1. The lab group conduc
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Page 2 of 3 1. A bicyclist travels
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Name: Date: 4.1 Velocity Speed and
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Name: Date: 4.2 Calculating Slope f
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Name: Date: 4.2 Analyzing Graphs of
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Page 3 of 4 1. For each position-ti
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Name: Date: 4.2 Analyzing Graphs of
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Name: Date: 4.3 Acceleration Accele
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Name: Date: 4.3 Acceleration and Sp
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Page 3 of 3 3. Graph 3: 4. Find acc
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Page 2 of 3 Example 1: How fast wil
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Name: Date: 5.1 Ratios and Proporti
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Name: Date: 5.1 Internet Research S
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Name: Date: 5.1 Preparing a Bibliog
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Name: Date: 5.1 Mass vs. Weight Wha
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Page 2 of 2 1. A physical science t
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Page 2 of 2 How much does it weigh
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Page 2 of 2 Answer the following pr
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Name: Date: 5.3 Equilibrium When al
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Name: Date: 6.1 Net Force and Newto
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Page 2 of 2 Reading reflection 1. I
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Name: Date: 6.3 Applying Newton’s
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Name: Date: 6.3 Momentum Conservati
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Name: Date: 6.3 Collisions and Cons
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Name: Date: 6.3 Rate of Change of M
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Page 3 of 3 6. A 50.-g (0.050-kg) e
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Page 2 of 2 1. A machine uses an in
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Page 2 of 2 Example 3: A 500-newton
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Page 2 of 2 7. You pull your sled t
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Page 2 of 2 The relationship betwee
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Page 2 of 2 6. Use the gear ratio f
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Page 2 of 2 The three classes of le
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Page 2 of 2 3. Now, calculate the g
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Page 2 of 2 To do this calculation,
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Name: Date: 7.2 Energy Transformati
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Name: Date: 7.2 Conservation of Ene
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Page 2 of 2 Reading reflection 1. W
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Name: Date: 7.3 Power In science, w
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Name: Date: 7.3 Power in Flowing En
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Name: Date: 7.3 Efficiency and Ener
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Page 2 of 2 Reading the temperature
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Page 2 of 4 1. For each of the prob
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Page 4 of 4 1. Surface temperatures
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Page 2 of 2 The graph below shows a
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Name: Date: 9.1 Using the Heat Equa
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Name: Date: 10.1 Measuring Mass wit
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Page 3 of 3 Reading the balance cor
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Page 2 of 2 d. Explain how the disp
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Page 2 of 3 Calculating volume of a
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Page 229 and 230: Name: Date: 11.1 Layers of the Atmo
Page 231 and 232: Page 2 of 2 Reading reflection 1. H
Page 233 and 234: Page 2 of 3 Using temperature data
Page 235 and 236: Page 1 of 2 11.3 Joanne Simpson 11.
Page 237 and 238: Name: Date: 11.3 Weather Maps You h
Page 239 and 240: Name: Date: 11.3 Tracking a Hurrica
Page 241 and 242: Page 3 of 4 Hurricane Andrew crosse
Page 243 and 244: Name: Date: 12.1 Structure of the A
Page 245 and 246: Name: Date: 12.1 Atoms and Isotopes
Page 247 and 248: Name: Date: 12.1 Ernest Rutherford
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Page 253 and 254: Page 2 of 2 Periodic Table Groups T
Page 255 and 256: Page 2 of 2 Using dot diagrams to r
Page 257 and 258: Page 2 of 2 13.2 Important note: If
Page 259 and 260: Page 2 of 2 Example 2: Aluminum and
Page 261 and 262: Page 2 of 2 13.2 Predict the name o
Page 263 and 264: Page 2 of 2 Using the information i
Page 265: Page 2 of 3 Conservation of atoms T
Page 269 and 270: Page 3 of 4 Substance Elements in s
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Page 273 and 274: Name: Date: 14.2 Classifying Reacti
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Page 279 and 280: Name: Date: 14.4 Lise Meitner Lise
Page 281 and 282: Name: Date: 14.4 Marie and Pierre C
Page 283 and 284: Page 3 of 3 Reading reflection 1. W
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Page 289 and 290: Page 2 of 2 1. The decay series for
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Page 293 and 294: . Page 2 of 3 i. Switches 2, 3, and
Page 295 and 296: Name: Date: 16.1 Benjamin Franklin
Page 297 and 298: Name: Date: 16.2 Using an Electric
Page 299 and 300: Page 3 of 4 Build a series circuit
Page 301 and 302: Name: Date: 16.3 Voltage, Current,
Page 303 and 304: Page 3 of 3 Now you will have the o
Page 305 and 306: Page 2 of 2 7. How much voltage wou
Page 307 and 308: Page 2 of 2 5. Use the series circu
Page 309 and 310: Page 2 of 2 In part (d) of problems
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Page 2 of 2 7. The directions—nor
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Page 2 of 2 6. Repeat step 5 to for
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Page 2 of 2 A transformer steps dow
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Page 2 of 2 4. Calculate the power
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Page 2 of 2 Reading reflection 1. H
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Page 2 of 4 Determining the relativ
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Page 4 of 4 Extension—Creating cl
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Page 2 of 2 Reading reflection 1. N
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Name: Date: 19.1 Earth’s Interior
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Page 2 of 2 Reading reflection 1. L
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Page 2 of 2 Reading reflection 1. E
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Name: Date: 19.4 Continental United
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Page 3 of 4 When a mountain is form
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Name: Date: 20.1 Averaging The most
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Page 2 of 5 Locating the epicenter
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Page 4 of 5 20.1 For each of the pr
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Name: Date: 20.2 Volcano Parts 20.2
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Name: Date: 21.2 Calculating Concen
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Name: Date: 21.2 Solubility In this
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Page 3 of 3 The influence of temper
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Page 2 of 3 Work through these exam
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Name: Date: 21.3 Calculating pH The
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Name: Date: 22.1 Groundwater and We
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Page 3 of 3 Testing the model: 1. W
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Name: Date: 24.1 Period and Frequen
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Page 2 of 2 2. Use the grids below
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Page 2 of 2 2. Use the grids below
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Page 2 of 3 x-axis (blocks) Height
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Name: Date: 24.3 Decibel Scale The
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Page 2 of 2 a. ____________________
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Page 2 of 2 2. Two students want to
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Name: Date: 24.3 Palm Pipes Project
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Page 3 of 3 6. Challenge: You can f
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Page 2 of 2 Answer the following pr
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Page 2 of 2 4. You see a chair that
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Page 2 of 2 a. ____________________
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Name: Date: 25.3 Using Ray Diagrams
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Page 2 of 2 2. Light strikes a mirr
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Page 2 of 2 Which way does the ligh
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Page 2 of 2 25.3 1. A lens has a fo
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Name: Date: 26.1 Gravity Problems I
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Name: Date: 26.1 Universal Gravitat
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Page 1 of 2 26.1 Nicolaus Copernicu
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Page 1 of 2 26.1 Galileo Galilei Ga
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Page 1 of 2 26.1 Johannes Kepler 26
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Name: Date: 26.1 Measuring the Moon
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Page 3 of 3 Semi-Circle Card: 26.1
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Page 2 of 2 Reading reflection 1. B
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Page 2 of 2 Part 2: Provisions for
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Page 1 of 2 27.1 Arthur Walker 27.1
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Name: Date: 27.2 The Inverse Square
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Page 2 of 3 1. Fill in the missing
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Name: Date: 28.1 Understanding Ligh
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Name: Date: 28.1 Parsecs You have a
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Page 1 of 2 28.1 Edwin Hubble Edwin
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Name: Date: 28.2 Light Intensity Pr
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Page 2 of 2 If we know the brightne
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Page 2 of 2 Solving Doppler Shift P
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13. A decimeter is 100 times larger
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Skill Sheet 1.3: Significant Digits
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7. Yes, there is a relationship bet
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6. The slope is the same (2.0) unti
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13. S Sh—Sand and shells on the b
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10. 410 miles 11. 6.6 miles -------
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Skill Sheet 4.2: Analyzing Graphs o
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Skill Sheet 5.1: Mass, Weight, and
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Skill Sheet 6.3: Applying Newton’
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Skill Sheet 7.1: Mechanical Advanta
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8. The middle gear turns left. The
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Skill Sheet 7.3: Power in Flowing E
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Skill Sheet 10.1: Calculating volum
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3. Answers are: a. 100 cm 3 b. 13 N
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Skill Sheet 11.3: Weather Maps Samp
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a. b. c. d. e f. Skill Sheet 12.2:
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Skill Sheet 14.1: Chemical Equation
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must be blocking their insulin’s
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8. The current is approximately the
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7. Students can find information ab
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Skill Sheet 17.4: Electrical Power
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Skill Sheet 19.1: Charles Richter 1
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Practice 2: 1. First problem is don
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Skill Sheet 21.3: Calculating pH 1.
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Question 8 (con’t) 9. The new wav
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Skill Sheet 25.2: The Human Eye a.
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Skill Sheet 26.1: Nicolaus Copernic
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Skill Sheet 27.1: Arthur Walker 1.
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