PES Skill Sheets.book - Capital High School

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Name: Date: 28.3 Doppler Shift Doppler shift is an important tool used by astronomers to study the motion of objects, such as stars and galaxies, in space. For example, if an object is moving toward Earth, the light waves it emits are compressed, shifting them toward the blue end (shorter wavelengths, higher frequencies) of the visible spectrum. If an object is moving away from Earth, the light waves it emits are stretched, shifting them toward the red end (longer wavelengths, lower frequencies) of the visible spectrum. In this skill sheet, you will practice solving problems that involve doppler shift. Understanding Doppler Shift 28.3 You have learned that astronomers use a spectrometer to determine which elements are found in stars and other objects in space. When burned, each element on the periodic table produces a characteristic set of spectral lines. When an object in space is moving very fast, its spectral lines show the characteristic patterns for the elements it contains. However, these lines are shifted. If the object is moving away from Earth, its spectral lines are shifted toward the red end of the spectrum. If the object is moving toward Earth, its spectral lines are shifted toward the blue end of the spectrum. 1. The graphic to the right shows two spectral lines from an object that is not moving. Use an arrow to indicate the direction that the spectrum would appear to shift if the object was moving toward you. 2. The graphic to the right shows the spectral lines emitted by four moving objects. The spectral lines for when the object is stationary are shown as dotted lines on each spectrum. The faster a star is moving, the greater the shift in wavelength. Use the graphic to help you answer the following questions. a. Which of the spectra show an object that is moving toward you? b. Which of the spectra show an object that is moving away from you? c. Which of the spectra show an object that is moving the fastest away from you? d. Which of the spectra show an object that is moving the fastest toward you?
Page 2 of 2 Solving Doppler Shift Problems 28.3 By analyzing the shift in wavelength, you can also determine the speed at which a star is moving. The faster a star is moving, the larger the shift in wavelength. The following proportion is used to help you calculate the speed of a moving star. Remember that the speed of light is a constant value equal to 3 × 10 8 m/s. The -------------------------------------------speed of a star The speed of light = ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The difference in wavelength The stationary value for wavelength The spectral lines emitted by a distant galaxy are analyzed. One of the lines for hydrogen has shifted from 450 nm to 498 nm. Is this galaxy moving away from or toward Earth? What is the speed of galaxy? The speed of a star 3 10 8 -------------------------------------------- × m/s = 498 nm – 450 nm ----------------------------------------- 450 nm The speed of a star 48 nm ----------------- 3 10 450 nm 8 × × m/s 0.11 3 10 8 × × m/s 3.3 10 7 = = = × m/s The galaxy is moving away from Earth at a speed of 33 million meters per second. 1. One of the spectral lines for a star has shifted from 535 nm to 545 nm. What is the speed of this star? Is the star moving away from or toward Earth? 2. One of the spectral lines for a star has shifted from 560 nm to 544 nm. What is the speed of the star? Is it moving away from or toward Earth? 3. An astronomer has determined that two galaxies are moving away from Earth. A spectral line for galaxy A is red shifted from 501 nm to 510 nm. The same line for galaxy B is red shifted from 525 nm to 540 nm. Which galaxy is moving the fastest? Justify your answer. 4. Does the fact that both galaxies in the question above are moving away from Earth support or refute the Big Bang theory? Explain your answer.
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Chapter and Section Chapter 1: Meas
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Chapter and Section Chapter 5: Forc
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Chapter and Section Chapter 9: Heat
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Chapter and Section Chapter 14: Cha
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Chapter and Section Chapter 18: Ear
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Chapter and Section Chapter 24: Wav
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Name: Date: 1.1 Lab Safety What can
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Page 3 of 6 Safety quiz 1. Draw a d
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Page 5 of 6 c. You suddenly you beg
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Name: Date: 1.1 Using Your Textbook
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Page 2 of 3 The following prefixes
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Name: Date: 1.1 Scientific Notation
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Page 3 of 3 3. Write the numbers in
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Page 2 of 4 Example 1: Measuring ob
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Page 4 of 4 4. . Prefix Symbol Mult
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Name: Date: 1.2 Reading Strategies
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Name: Date: 1.2 Stopwatch Math What
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Name: Date: 1.2 Understanding Light
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Name: Date: 1.2 Indirect Measuremen
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Name: Date: 1.3 Dimensional Analysi
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Name: Date: Skill Builder Fractions
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Page 3 of 4 Solving fraction proble
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Name: Date: 1.3 Significant Digits
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Page 3 of 4 Follow these steps for
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Name: Date: 1.3 Study Notes This sk
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Name: Date: 1.3 Science Vocabulary
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Page 3 of 3 Using the table of pref
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Page 2 of 2 5. Earth’s moon is co
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Page 2 of 3 When precise conversion
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Name: Date: 1.4 Creating Scatterplo
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Page 3 of 3 g. What is the position
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Page 2 of 2 1.4 1. Given the variab
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Page 2 of 3 Step 3: Look at the ran
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Name: Date: 1.4 Recognizing Pattern
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Page 3 of 3 Answer the following qu
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Page 2 of 2 4. Measurements: List a
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Page 2 of 2 2. Your teacher shows y
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Page 2 of 4 Recording valid observa
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Page 4 of 4 b. How did the student
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Page 2 of 3 Name: Lucy O. Date: Jan
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Name: Date: 2.2 Using Computer Spre
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Page 3 of 3 5. The following data i
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Page 2 of 2 2. John notices that hi
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Name: Date: 3.1 Latitude and Longit
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Page 3 of 4 Use an atlas or globe t
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Name: Date: 3.1 Map Scales Mapmaker
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Page 3 of 3 f. Point Q to Point M g
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Page 2 of 5 It’s time to go! 3.1
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Page 4 of 5 37. Now you will head t
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Name: Date: 4.1 Vectors on a Map Yo
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Page 2 of 3 1. Draw a profile map o
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Name: Date: 3.3 Bathymetric Maps Im
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Page 1 of 2 3.3 Tanya Atwater Tanya
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Name: Date: 4.1 Solving Equations w
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Page 3 of 4 Use the formula V = l
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Name: Date: 4.1 Problem Solving Box
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Page 2 of 3 In problems 6 and 7, yo
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Name: Date: 4.1 Percent Error When
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Page 3 of 3 1. The lab group conduc
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Page 2 of 3 1. A bicyclist travels
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Name: Date: 4.1 Velocity Speed and
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Name: Date: 4.2 Calculating Slope f
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Name: Date: 4.2 Analyzing Graphs of
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Page 3 of 4 1. For each position-ti
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Name: Date: 4.2 Analyzing Graphs of
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Name: Date: 4.3 Acceleration Accele
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Name: Date: 4.3 Acceleration and Sp
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Page 3 of 3 3. Graph 3: 4. Find acc
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Page 2 of 3 Example 1: How fast wil
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Name: Date: 5.1 Ratios and Proporti
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Name: Date: 5.1 Internet Research S
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Name: Date: 5.1 Preparing a Bibliog
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Name: Date: 5.1 Mass vs. Weight Wha
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Page 2 of 2 1. A physical science t
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Page 2 of 2 How much does it weigh
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Page 2 of 2 Answer the following pr
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Name: Date: 5.3 Equilibrium When al
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Name: Date: 6.1 Net Force and Newto
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Page 2 of 2 Reading reflection 1. I
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Name: Date: 6.3 Applying Newton’s
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Name: Date: 6.3 Momentum Conservati
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Name: Date: 6.3 Collisions and Cons
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Name: Date: 6.3 Rate of Change of M
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Page 3 of 3 6. A 50.-g (0.050-kg) e
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Page 2 of 2 1. A machine uses an in
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Page 2 of 2 Example 3: A 500-newton
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Page 2 of 2 7. You pull your sled t
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Page 2 of 2 The relationship betwee
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Page 2 of 2 6. Use the gear ratio f
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Page 2 of 2 The three classes of le
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Page 2 of 2 3. Now, calculate the g
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Page 2 of 2 To do this calculation,
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Name: Date: 7.2 Energy Transformati
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Name: Date: 7.2 Conservation of Ene
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Page 2 of 2 Reading reflection 1. W
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Name: Date: 7.3 Power In science, w
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Name: Date: 7.3 Power in Flowing En
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Name: Date: 7.3 Efficiency and Ener
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Page 2 of 2 Reading the temperature
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Page 2 of 4 1. For each of the prob
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Page 4 of 4 1. Surface temperatures
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Page 2 of 2 The graph below shows a
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Name: Date: 9.1 Using the Heat Equa
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Name: Date: 10.1 Measuring Mass wit
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Page 3 of 3 Reading the balance cor
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Page 2 of 2 d. Explain how the disp
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Page 2 of 3 Calculating volume of a
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Name: Date: 10.1 Density The densit
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Name: Date: 10.3 Pressure in Fluids
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Name: Date: 10.3 Boyle’s Law The
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Name: Date: 10.4 Charles’s Law Ch
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Name: Date: 10.4 Archimedes 10.4 Ar
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Name: Date: 10.4 Narcís Monturiol
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Name: Date: 10.4 Archimedes’ Prin
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Name: Date: 11.1 Layers of the Atmo
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Page 2 of 2 Reading reflection 1. H
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Page 2 of 3 Using temperature data
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Page 1 of 2 11.3 Joanne Simpson 11.
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Name: Date: 11.3 Weather Maps You h
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Name: Date: 11.3 Tracking a Hurrica
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Page 3 of 4 Hurricane Andrew crosse
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Name: Date: 12.1 Structure of the A
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Name: Date: 12.1 Atoms and Isotopes
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Name: Date: 12.1 Ernest Rutherford
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Name: Date: 12.2 Electrons and Ener
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Page 2 of 2 Periodic Table Groups T
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Page 2 of 2 Using dot diagrams to r
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Page 2 of 2 13.2 Important note: If
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Page 2 of 2 Example 2: Aluminum and
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Page 2 of 2 13.2 Predict the name o
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Page 2 of 2 Using the information i
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Page 2 of 3 Conservation of atoms T
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Name: Date: 14.1 The Avogadro Numbe
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Page 3 of 4 Substance Elements in s
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Name: Date: 14.1 Formula Mass A che
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Name: Date: 14.2 Classifying Reacti
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Name: Date: 14.2 Predicting Chemica
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Name: Date: 14.2 Percent Yield You
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Name: Date: 14.4 Lise Meitner Lise
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Name: Date: 14.4 Marie and Pierre C
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Page 2 of 2 Reading reflection 1. R
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Page 2 of 2 Reading reflection 1. U
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Page 2 of 2 1. The decay series for
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Page 2 of 2 Reading reflection 1. D
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. Page 2 of 3 i. Switches 2, 3, and
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Name: Date: 16.1 Benjamin Franklin
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Name: Date: 16.2 Using an Electric
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Page 3 of 4 Build a series circuit
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Name: Date: 16.3 Voltage, Current,
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Page 3 of 3 Now you will have the o
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Page 2 of 2 7. How much voltage wou
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Page 2 of 2 5. Use the series circu
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Page 2 of 2 In part (d) of problems
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Page 2 of 2 Reading reflection 1. N
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Page 2 of 2 7. The directions—nor
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Page 2 of 2 6. Repeat step 5 to for
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Page 2 of 2 A transformer steps dow
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Page 2 of 2 4. Calculate the power
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Page 2 of 4 Determining the relativ
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Page 4 of 4 Extension—Creating cl
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Page 2 of 2 Reading reflection 1. N
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Name: Date: 19.1 Earth’s Interior
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Page 2 of 2 Reading reflection 1. L
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Page 2 of 2 Reading reflection 1. E
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Name: Date: 19.4 Continental United
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Page 3 of 4 When a mountain is form
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Name: Date: 20.1 Averaging The most
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Page 2 of 5 Locating the epicenter
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Page 4 of 5 20.1 For each of the pr
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Name: Date: 20.2 Volcano Parts 20.2
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Name: Date: 21.2 Calculating Concen
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Name: Date: 21.2 Solubility In this
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Page 3 of 3 The influence of temper
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Page 2 of 3 Work through these exam
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Name: Date: 21.3 Calculating pH The
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Name: Date: 22.1 Groundwater and We
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Page 3 of 3 Testing the model: 1. W
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Name: Date: 24.1 Period and Frequen
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Page 2 of 2 2. Use the grids below
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Page 2 of 2 2. Use the grids below
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Page 2 of 3 x-axis (blocks) Height
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Name: Date: 24.3 Decibel Scale The
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Page 2 of 2 a. ____________________
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Page 2 of 2 2. Two students want to
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Name: Date: 24.3 Palm Pipes Project
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Page 391 and 392: Page 2 of 2 Answer the following pr
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Page 397 and 398: Name: Date: 25.3 Using Ray Diagrams
Page 399 and 400: Page 2 of 2 2. Light strikes a mirr
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Page 405 and 406: Name: Date: 26.1 Gravity Problems I
Page 407 and 408: Name: Date: 26.1 Universal Gravitat
Page 409 and 410: Page 1 of 2 26.1 Nicolaus Copernicu
Page 411 and 412: Page 1 of 2 26.1 Galileo Galilei Ga
Page 413 and 414: Page 1 of 2 26.1 Johannes Kepler 26
Page 415 and 416: Name: Date: 26.1 Measuring the Moon
Page 417 and 418: Page 3 of 3 Semi-Circle Card: 26.1
Page 419 and 420: Page 2 of 2 Reading reflection 1. B
Page 421 and 422: Page 2 of 2 Part 2: Provisions for
Page 423 and 424: Page 1 of 2 27.1 Arthur Walker 27.1
Page 425 and 426: Name: Date: 27.2 The Inverse Square
Page 427 and 428: Page 2 of 3 1. Fill in the missing
Page 429 and 430: Name: Date: 28.1 Understanding Ligh
Page 431 and 432: Name: Date: 28.1 Parsecs You have a
Page 433 and 434: Page 1 of 2 28.1 Edwin Hubble Edwin
Page 435 and 436: Name: Date: 28.2 Light Intensity Pr
Page 437 and 438: Page 2 of 2 Reading reflection 1. H
Page 439: Page 2 of 2 If we know the brightne
Page 443 and 444: 13. A decimeter is 100 times larger
Page 445 and 446: Skill Sheet 1.3: Significant Digits
Page 447 and 448: 7. Yes, there is a relationship bet
Page 449 and 450: 6. The slope is the same (2.0) unti
Page 451 and 452: 13. S Sh—Sand and shells on the b
Page 453 and 454: 10. 410 miles 11. 6.6 miles -------
Page 455 and 456: Skill Sheet 4.2: Analyzing Graphs o
Page 457 and 458: Skill Sheet 5.1: Mass, Weight, and
Page 459 and 460: Skill Sheet 6.3: Applying Newton’
Page 461 and 462: Skill Sheet 7.1: Mechanical Advanta
Page 463 and 464: 8. The middle gear turns left. The
Page 465 and 466: Skill Sheet 7.3: Power in Flowing E
Page 467 and 468: Skill Sheet 10.1: Calculating volum
Page 469 and 470: 3. Answers are: a. 100 cm 3 b. 13 N
Page 471 and 472: Skill Sheet 11.3: Weather Maps Samp
Page 473 and 474: a. b. c. d. e f. Skill Sheet 12.2:
Page 475 and 476: Skill Sheet 14.1: Chemical Equation
Page 477 and 478: must be blocking their insulin’s
Page 479 and 480: 8. The current is approximately the
Page 481 and 482: 7. Students can find information ab
Page 483 and 484: Skill Sheet 17.4: Electrical Power
Page 485 and 486: Skill Sheet 19.1: Charles Richter 1
Page 487 and 488: Practice 2: 1. First problem is don
Page 489 and 490: Skill Sheet 21.3: Calculating pH 1.
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Question 8 (con’t) 9. The new wav
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Skill Sheet 25.2: The Human Eye a.
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Skill Sheet 26.1: Nicolaus Copernic
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Skill Sheet 27.1: Arthur Walker 1.
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