PES Skill Sheets.book - Capital High School

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Name: Date: 14.1 Chemical Equations Chemical symbols provide us with a shorthand method of writing the name of an element. Chemical formulas do the same for compounds. But what about chemical reactions? To write out, in words, the process of a chemical change would be long and tedious. Is there a shorthand method of writing a chemical reaction so that all the information is presented correctly and is understood by all scientists? Yes! This is the function of chemical equations. You will practice writing and balancing chemical equations in this skill sheet. What are chemical equations? Chemical equations show what is happening in a chemical reaction. They provide you with the identities of the reactants (substances entering the reaction) and the products (substances formed by the reaction). They also tell you how much of each substance is involved in the reaction. Chemical equations use symbols for elements and formulas for compounds. The reactants are written to the left of the arrow. Products go on the right side of the arrow. The arrow should be read as “yields” or “produces.” This equation, therefore, says that hydrogen gas (H 2) plus oxygen gas (O 2) yields or produces the compound water (H 2O). Write chemical equations for the following reactions: Reactants Products Unbalanced Hydrochloric acid HCl and Sodium hydroxide NaOH Calcium carbonate CaCO 3 and Potassium iodide KI Aluminum fluoride AlF 3 and Magnesium nitrate Mg(NO 3 ) 2 Water H 2 O and Sodium chloride NaCl H2 + O2 → H2O Potassium carbonate K 2 CO 3 and Calcium iodide CaI 2 Aluminum nitrate Al(NO 3 ) 3 and Magnesium fluoride MgF 2 Chemical Equation 14.1
Page 2 of 3 Conservation of atoms Take another look at the chemical equation for making water: Did you notice that something has been added? The large number in front of H 2 tells how many molecules of H 2 are required for the reaction to proceed. The large number in front of H 2O tells how many molecules of water are formed by the reaction. These numbers are called coefficients. Using coefficients, we can balance chemical equations so that the equation demonstrates conservation of atoms. The law of conservation of atoms says that no atoms are lost or gained in a chemical reaction. The same types and numbers of atoms must be found in the reactants and the products of a chemical reaction. Coefficients are placed before the chemical symbol for single elements and before the chemical formula of compounds to show how many atoms or molecules of each substance are participating in the chemical reaction. When counting atoms to balance an equation, remember that the coefficient applies to all atoms within the chemical formula for a compound. For example, 5CH 4 means that 5 atoms of carbon and 20 atoms (5 × 4) of hydrogen are contributed to the chemical reaction by the compound methane. Balancing chemical equations 2H2 + O2 → 2H2O To write a chemical equation correctly, first write the equation using the correct chemical symbols or formulas for the reactants and products. The displacement reaction between sodium chloride and iodine to form sodium iodide and chlorine gas is written as: NaCl + I2 → NaI + Cl2 Next, count the number of atoms of each element present on the reactant and product side of the chemical equation: Reactant Side of Equation Element Product Side of Equation 1 Na 1 1 Cl 2 2 I 1 For the chemical equation to be balanced, the numbers of atoms of each element must be the same on either side of the reaction. This is clearly not the case with the equation above. We need coefficients to balance the equation. 14.1
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Chapter and Section Chapter 1: Meas
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Chapter and Section Chapter 5: Forc
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Chapter and Section Chapter 9: Heat
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Chapter and Section Chapter 14: Cha
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Chapter and Section Chapter 18: Ear
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Chapter and Section Chapter 24: Wav
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Name: Date: 1.1 Lab Safety What can
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Page 3 of 6 Safety quiz 1. Draw a d
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Page 5 of 6 c. You suddenly you beg
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Name: Date: 1.1 Using Your Textbook
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Page 2 of 3 The following prefixes
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Name: Date: 1.1 Scientific Notation
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Page 3 of 3 3. Write the numbers in
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Page 2 of 4 Example 1: Measuring ob
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Page 4 of 4 4. . Prefix Symbol Mult
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Name: Date: 1.2 Reading Strategies
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Name: Date: 1.2 Stopwatch Math What
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Name: Date: 1.2 Understanding Light
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Name: Date: 1.2 Indirect Measuremen
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Name: Date: 1.3 Dimensional Analysi
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Name: Date: Skill Builder Fractions
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Page 3 of 4 Solving fraction proble
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Name: Date: 1.3 Significant Digits
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Page 3 of 4 Follow these steps for
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Name: Date: 1.3 Study Notes This sk
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Name: Date: 1.3 Science Vocabulary
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Page 3 of 3 Using the table of pref
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Page 2 of 2 5. Earth’s moon is co
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Page 2 of 3 When precise conversion
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Name: Date: 1.4 Creating Scatterplo
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Page 3 of 3 g. What is the position
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Page 2 of 2 1.4 1. Given the variab
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Page 2 of 3 Step 3: Look at the ran
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Name: Date: 1.4 Recognizing Pattern
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Page 3 of 3 Answer the following qu
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Page 2 of 2 4. Measurements: List a
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Page 2 of 2 2. Your teacher shows y
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Page 2 of 4 Recording valid observa
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Page 4 of 4 b. How did the student
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Page 2 of 3 Name: Lucy O. Date: Jan
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Name: Date: 2.2 Using Computer Spre
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Page 3 of 3 5. The following data i
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Page 2 of 2 2. John notices that hi
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Name: Date: 3.1 Latitude and Longit
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Page 3 of 4 Use an atlas or globe t
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Name: Date: 3.1 Map Scales Mapmaker
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Page 3 of 3 f. Point Q to Point M g
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Page 2 of 5 It’s time to go! 3.1
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Page 4 of 5 37. Now you will head t
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Name: Date: 4.1 Vectors on a Map Yo
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Page 2 of 3 1. Draw a profile map o
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Name: Date: 3.3 Bathymetric Maps Im
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Page 1 of 2 3.3 Tanya Atwater Tanya
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Name: Date: 4.1 Solving Equations w
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Page 3 of 4 Use the formula V = l
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Name: Date: 4.1 Problem Solving Box
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Page 2 of 3 In problems 6 and 7, yo
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Name: Date: 4.1 Percent Error When
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Page 3 of 3 1. The lab group conduc
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Page 2 of 3 1. A bicyclist travels
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Name: Date: 4.1 Velocity Speed and
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Name: Date: 4.2 Calculating Slope f
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Name: Date: 4.2 Analyzing Graphs of
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Page 3 of 4 1. For each position-ti
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Name: Date: 4.2 Analyzing Graphs of
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Name: Date: 4.3 Acceleration Accele
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Name: Date: 4.3 Acceleration and Sp
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Page 3 of 3 3. Graph 3: 4. Find acc
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Page 2 of 3 Example 1: How fast wil
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Name: Date: 5.1 Ratios and Proporti
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Name: Date: 5.1 Internet Research S
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Name: Date: 5.1 Preparing a Bibliog
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Name: Date: 5.1 Mass vs. Weight Wha
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Page 2 of 2 1. A physical science t
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Page 2 of 2 How much does it weigh
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Page 2 of 2 Answer the following pr
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Name: Date: 5.3 Equilibrium When al
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Name: Date: 6.1 Net Force and Newto
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Page 2 of 2 Reading reflection 1. I
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Name: Date: 6.3 Applying Newton’s
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Name: Date: 6.3 Momentum Conservati
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Name: Date: 6.3 Collisions and Cons
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Name: Date: 6.3 Rate of Change of M
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Page 3 of 3 6. A 50.-g (0.050-kg) e
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Page 2 of 2 1. A machine uses an in
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Page 2 of 2 Example 3: A 500-newton
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Page 2 of 2 7. You pull your sled t
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Page 2 of 2 The relationship betwee
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Page 2 of 2 6. Use the gear ratio f
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Page 2 of 2 The three classes of le
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Page 2 of 2 3. Now, calculate the g
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Page 2 of 2 To do this calculation,
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Name: Date: 7.2 Energy Transformati
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Name: Date: 7.2 Conservation of Ene
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Page 2 of 2 Reading reflection 1. W
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Name: Date: 7.3 Power In science, w
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Name: Date: 7.3 Power in Flowing En
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Name: Date: 7.3 Efficiency and Ener
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Page 2 of 2 Reading the temperature
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Page 2 of 4 1. For each of the prob
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Page 4 of 4 1. Surface temperatures
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Page 2 of 2 The graph below shows a
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Name: Date: 9.1 Using the Heat Equa
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Name: Date: 10.1 Measuring Mass wit
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Page 3 of 3 Reading the balance cor
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Page 2 of 2 d. Explain how the disp
Page 213 and 214: Page 2 of 3 Calculating volume of a
Page 215 and 216: Name: Date: 10.1 Density The densit
Page 217 and 218: Name: Date: 10.3 Pressure in Fluids
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Page 223 and 224: Name: Date: 10.4 Archimedes 10.4 Ar
Page 225 and 226: Name: Date: 10.4 Narcís Monturiol
Page 227 and 228: Name: Date: 10.4 Archimedes’ Prin
Page 229 and 230: Name: Date: 11.1 Layers of the Atmo
Page 231 and 232: Page 2 of 2 Reading reflection 1. H
Page 233 and 234: Page 2 of 3 Using temperature data
Page 235 and 236: Page 1 of 2 11.3 Joanne Simpson 11.
Page 237 and 238: Name: Date: 11.3 Weather Maps You h
Page 239 and 240: Name: Date: 11.3 Tracking a Hurrica
Page 241 and 242: Page 3 of 4 Hurricane Andrew crosse
Page 243 and 244: Name: Date: 12.1 Structure of the A
Page 245 and 246: Name: Date: 12.1 Atoms and Isotopes
Page 247 and 248: Name: Date: 12.1 Ernest Rutherford
Page 249 and 250: Name: Date: 12.2 Electrons and Ener
Page 251 and 252: Page 2 of 2 Reading reflection 1. H
Page 253 and 254: Page 2 of 2 Periodic Table Groups T
Page 255 and 256: Page 2 of 2 Using dot diagrams to r
Page 257 and 258: Page 2 of 2 13.2 Important note: If
Page 259 and 260: Page 2 of 2 Example 2: Aluminum and
Page 261 and 262: Page 2 of 2 13.2 Predict the name o
Page 263: Page 2 of 2 Using the information i
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Page 269 and 270: Page 3 of 4 Substance Elements in s
Page 271 and 272: Name: Date: 14.1 Formula Mass A che
Page 273 and 274: Name: Date: 14.2 Classifying Reacti
Page 275 and 276: Name: Date: 14.2 Predicting Chemica
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Page 279 and 280: Name: Date: 14.4 Lise Meitner Lise
Page 281 and 282: Name: Date: 14.4 Marie and Pierre C
Page 283 and 284: Page 3 of 3 Reading reflection 1. W
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Page 289 and 290: Page 2 of 2 1. The decay series for
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Page 293 and 294: . Page 2 of 3 i. Switches 2, 3, and
Page 295 and 296: Name: Date: 16.1 Benjamin Franklin
Page 297 and 298: Name: Date: 16.2 Using an Electric
Page 299 and 300: Page 3 of 4 Build a series circuit
Page 301 and 302: Name: Date: 16.3 Voltage, Current,
Page 303 and 304: Page 3 of 3 Now you will have the o
Page 305 and 306: Page 2 of 2 7. How much voltage wou
Page 307 and 308: Page 2 of 2 5. Use the series circu
Page 309 and 310: Page 2 of 2 In part (d) of problems
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Page 2 of 2 Reading reflection 1. H
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Page 2 of 2 7. The directions—nor
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Page 2 of 2 6. Repeat step 5 to for
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Page 2 of 2 A transformer steps dow
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Page 2 of 2 4. Calculate the power
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Page 2 of 4 Determining the relativ
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Page 4 of 4 Extension—Creating cl
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Page 2 of 2 Reading reflection 1. N
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Name: Date: 19.1 Earth’s Interior
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Page 2 of 2 Reading reflection 1. L
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Page 2 of 2 Reading reflection 1. E
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Name: Date: 19.4 Continental United
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Page 3 of 4 When a mountain is form
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Name: Date: 20.1 Averaging The most
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Page 2 of 5 Locating the epicenter
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Page 4 of 5 20.1 For each of the pr
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Name: Date: 20.2 Volcano Parts 20.2
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Name: Date: 21.2 Calculating Concen
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Name: Date: 21.2 Solubility In this
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Page 3 of 3 The influence of temper
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Page 2 of 3 Work through these exam
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Name: Date: 21.3 Calculating pH The
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Name: Date: 22.1 Groundwater and We
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Page 3 of 3 Testing the model: 1. W
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Name: Date: 24.1 Period and Frequen
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Page 2 of 2 2. Use the grids below
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Page 2 of 2 2. Use the grids below
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Page 2 of 3 x-axis (blocks) Height
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Name: Date: 24.3 Decibel Scale The
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Page 2 of 2 a. ____________________
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Page 2 of 2 2. Two students want to
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Name: Date: 24.3 Palm Pipes Project
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Page 3 of 3 6. Challenge: You can f
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Page 2 of 2 Answer the following pr
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Page 2 of 2 4. You see a chair that
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Page 2 of 2 a. ____________________
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Name: Date: 25.3 Using Ray Diagrams
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Page 2 of 2 2. Light strikes a mirr
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Page 2 of 2 Which way does the ligh
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Page 2 of 2 25.3 1. A lens has a fo
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Name: Date: 26.1 Gravity Problems I
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Name: Date: 26.1 Universal Gravitat
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Page 1 of 2 26.1 Nicolaus Copernicu
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Page 1 of 2 26.1 Galileo Galilei Ga
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Page 1 of 2 26.1 Johannes Kepler 26
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Name: Date: 26.1 Measuring the Moon
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Page 3 of 3 Semi-Circle Card: 26.1
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Page 2 of 2 Reading reflection 1. B
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Page 2 of 2 Part 2: Provisions for
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Page 1 of 2 27.1 Arthur Walker 27.1
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Name: Date: 27.2 The Inverse Square
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Page 2 of 3 1. Fill in the missing
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Name: Date: 28.1 Understanding Ligh
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Name: Date: 28.1 Parsecs You have a
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Page 1 of 2 28.1 Edwin Hubble Edwin
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Name: Date: 28.2 Light Intensity Pr
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Page 2 of 2 If we know the brightne
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Page 2 of 2 Solving Doppler Shift P
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13. A decimeter is 100 times larger
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Skill Sheet 1.3: Significant Digits
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7. Yes, there is a relationship bet
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6. The slope is the same (2.0) unti
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13. S Sh—Sand and shells on the b
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10. 410 miles 11. 6.6 miles -------
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Skill Sheet 4.2: Analyzing Graphs o
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Skill Sheet 5.1: Mass, Weight, and
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Skill Sheet 6.3: Applying Newton’
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Skill Sheet 7.1: Mechanical Advanta
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8. The middle gear turns left. The
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Skill Sheet 7.3: Power in Flowing E
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Skill Sheet 10.1: Calculating volum
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3. Answers are: a. 100 cm 3 b. 13 N
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Skill Sheet 11.3: Weather Maps Samp
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a. b. c. d. e f. Skill Sheet 12.2:
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Skill Sheet 14.1: Chemical Equation
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must be blocking their insulin’s
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8. The current is approximately the
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7. Students can find information ab
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Skill Sheet 17.4: Electrical Power
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Skill Sheet 19.1: Charles Richter 1
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Practice 2: 1. First problem is don
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Skill Sheet 21.3: Calculating pH 1.
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Question 8 (con’t) 9. The new wav
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Skill Sheet 25.2: The Human Eye a.
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Skill Sheet 26.1: Nicolaus Copernic
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Skill Sheet 27.1: Arthur Walker 1.
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