Flora vascolare del Sulcis (Sardegna Sud-Occidentale, Italia)

Gianluigi Bacchetta
geolithologic, geomorphologic, paleogeographic, bioclimatic and vegetation
features, allow the attribution of the rank of biogeographic sector to the Sulcis-
Iglesiente territory. The southern part, with seven exclusive endemics, Anchusa
formosa, Genista bocchierii, G. insularis subsp. insularis, Limonium carisae, L.
malfatanicum, L. tigulianum, Silene martinolii, can be seen as the Sulcis
subsector.
A contribution regarding the phytotoponymy of the Sulcis area is presented
here. 394 vegetal place names have been counted in a census, referring to 89
taxonomic units (8.8% of the Sulcis flora). Most of these are written in
Campidanese dialect and the refer to entities frequently found in the territory. The
most recurrent species are: Olea europaea s.l. (25), Arbutus unedo (18), Cistus
sp. pl. (18), Myrtus communis subsp. communis (17), Quercus suber (16) and
Juniperus oxycedrus subsp. oxycedrus (9). The most represented species are
shrubs (37.6%) and trees (35.9%) spontaneous and cultivated, most of them
calcifuge. Only in the far western areas is it possible to find calcicole taxa linked
to sedimentary substrata of a carbonated nature. From research carried out it
appears that in the IGM plans, in scale 1:25.000, the greater number of
phytotoponymy are in Capoterra (68), Narcao (52), and the Santadi and Carbonia
areas both with 39.
For the emblematic tree, 42 plants (only 16 discovered in the past) have been
counted and studied. The most represented species are: Taxus baccata (7),
Ceratonia siliqua (4), Eucalyptus camaldulensis (4), Juniperus oxycedrus subsp.
oxycedrus (4) and Quercus ilex (4).
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