198 Topics in Current Chemistry Editorial Board: A. de Meijere KN ...

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Directional Aspects of Intermolecular Interactions 37 a b Fig. 29 a, b. An EF hand [74]: a diagram of ligands commonly found around calcium ions in this motif; b stereoview of the binding in calmodulin in a similar orientation to that in (a) 6.5 Ionophores and Other Metal-Binding Molecules Ionophores are designed by nature to carry small ions across lipid membrane barriers. They provide a torus to capture the required ions. The first to be characterized was valinomycin, a cyclic dodecadepsipeptide with a ring of 36 atoms. Its crystal structure [77], illustrated in Fig. 30, shows carbonyl oxygen atoms 2.7–2.8 Å from the potassium cation that it is specifically engineered to bind. Specific hydrogen bonding in the valinomycin cage prevents it from contracting to bind the smaller sodium ion, and therefore this ionophore has a high K + :Na + selectivity (favoring potassium). Crown ethers, such as dibenzo-18crown-6 (Fig. 31) hold the metal ion (K + ) approximately in the plane of the oxy-
38 J.P. Glusker Fig. 30. Complexation of potassium by valinomycin [77]. Hydrogen bonding in the complexing agent helps assure a torus-like structure for metal ion binding Fig. 31. Complexation of a metal ion (K + of KSCN) by dibenzo-18-crown-6 [78]. This stereoview shows that the metal ion is not exactly in the plane of the complexing oxygen atoms gen atoms [78]. Cram [79] and Lehn [80] made more complex molecules, designing them to perform certain functions with the specific aims of mimicking selective transport across biological membranes and certain aspects of enzyme chemistry. 6.6 Metal-Binding Sites in Proteins The experimental observation that there is a high probability that the metal ion lies in the plane of a neighboring carboxylate ion provides a mechanism for
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Page 3 and 4: Design of Organic Solids Volume Edi
Page 5 and 6: Volume Editors Prof. Dr. Edwin Webe
Page 7 and 8: VIII preface tion at an amazing lev
Page 9 and 10: Contents of Volume 196 Carbon Rich
Page 11 and 12: 2 J.P. Glusker 5 Interactions of Pl
Page 13 and 14: 4 J.P. Glusker Perturbations to the
Page 15 and 16: 6 J.P. Glusker 2.1 Sources of Cryst
Page 17 and 18: 8 J.P. Glusker other induced, will
Page 19 and 20: 10 J.P. Glusker The forces here hav
Page 21 and 22: 12 J.P. Glusker lographic structure
Page 23 and 24: 14 J.P. Glusker a c Fig. 6 a - c. D
Page 25 and 26: 16 J.P. Glusker hydrogen bond H◊
Page 27 and 28: 18 J.P. Glusker Fig. 9. Citric acid
Page 29 and 30: 20 J.P. Glusker peptide plane and a
Page 31 and 32: 22 J.P. Glusker 4.5 F◊◊◊H Int
Page 33 and 34: 24 J.P. Glusker rine-containing com
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Page 37 and 38: 28 J.P. Glusker bind to a metal ion
Page 39 and 40: 30 J.P. Glusker As for carboxylate
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88 A. Nangia · G.R. Desiraju napht
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90 A. Nangia · G.R. Desiraju b c F
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92 A. Nangia · G.R. Desiraju all a
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94 A. Nangia · G.R. Desiraju 42. J
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Hydrogen-Bonded Ribbons, Tapes and
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132 Y. Aoyama 4 Catalysis . . . . .
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134 Y. Aoyama 2.2 Symmetry-Controll
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136 Y. Aoyama A trigonal centre is
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138 Y. Aoyama 18 19 Fig. 5. 2D net
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140 Y. Aoyama 24 ded (O-H◊◊◊O
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142 Y. Aoyama 2.4 Interaction-Suppo
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144 Y. Aoyama In the presence of a
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146 Y. Aoyama clusion compounds (se
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148 Y. Aoyama are intriguing guests
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150 Y. Aoyama The tuning or enginee
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152 Y. Aoyama Fig. 16. Binding isot
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154 Y. Aoyama The desorption of the
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156 Y. Aoyama Fig. 17. Suggested me
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158 Y. Aoyama 5 Concluding Remarks
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160 Y. Aoyama 4. Hölderich W, Hess
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Crystalline Polymorphism of Organic
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Author Index Volumes 151-198 Author
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Author Index Volumes 151 - 198 2 1
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Author Index Volumes 151 - 198 213
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Author Index Volumes 151 - 198 2 ]
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Springer and the environment At Spr
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198 Topics in Current Chemistry Editorial Board: A. de Meijere KN ...

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