Chapter 7 EMPLOYING FIRES Table 7-2. Indirect fire capabilities Capabilities of the Indirect Fire System CALIBER 60-mm 81-mm 120-mm 105-mm 155-mm 155-mm MODEL M224 M252 M285 M119 M198/M777series MAX RANGE (HE)(m) 3,490 5,608 7,200 14,000 w/ charge 8 PLANNING RANGE (m) (2/3 max) (2/3 max) (2/3 max) 11,500 2/3 max range of the largest powder and projectile lots of the appropriate type of shells at the firing unit PROJECTILE HE, WP, illum, IR illum MAX RATE OF FIRE 30 RPM for 4 min SUSTAINED RATE OF FIRE (rd/min) HE, WP, illum, RP, IR illum 30 RPM for 2 min HE, SMK, illum, IR illum 16 RPM for 1 min HE M760 illum, HEP-T, APICM, RAP 8 RPM for 3 min 20 15 4 3 for 30 minutes M109A6 30,000 18,600 w/M232A1 2/3 max range of the largest power and projectile lots of the appropriate type shell available at the firing unit HE, WP, illum, smk, RAP, FASCAM, CPHD, Excalibur, APICM, DPICM 4 RPM (M198) for 3 min / 5 RPM (M777series) for 2 min 2 as determined by thermal warning device 2/3 max range of the largest powder and projectile lots of the appropriate type of shells at the firing unit HE, WP, illum, smk, RAP, FASCAM, CPHD, Excalibur, APICM, DPICM 4 RPM for 3 min MINIMUM RANGE (m) 70 83 200 Direct fire Direct fire Direct fire FUZES PD, VT, time, dly, MO LEGEND PD, VT, time, dly, MO AP armor piercing APICM antipersonnel improved conventional munitions chem chemical CP concrete piercing CPHD copperhead dly delay DPICM dual purpose improved conventional munitions FASCAM family of scatterable mines HE high explosive HEP-T high explosive plastic-tracer illum illumination IR infrared min minute PD, VT, time, dly, MO PD, VT, MTSQ, CP, MT, dly PD, VT, CP, MT, MTSQ, dly MO multioption (VT, PD, dly) MT mechanical time MTSQ mechanical time super quick nuc nuclear PD point detonating RAP rocket assisted projectile RD round RP red phosphorus RPM rounds per minute smk smoke time adjustable time delay VT variable time WP white phosphorus 7-32. Except as specifically directed, the DRT rarely engages the enemy with direct fire. When lethal fires are needed, the DRT most often employs indirect fire, CAS, or CCA assets. The reconnaissance troop may direct fires on specific targets to disengage from the enemy or to attack targets provided in the commander's HPTL. 7-8 ATTP 3-20.97 16 November 2010 1 PD, VT, CP, MT, MTSQ, dly
PLANNING CONSIDERATIONS Augmenting Combat Power 7-33. As mentioned earlier, the DRT main mission is reconnaissance as opposed to direct contact engagements with the enemy. Most often indirect fires are used as a means of disengaging from the enemy. Depending on the commander’s guidance, they may also employ indirect fires against HPTs as they present themselves during troop operations. In either case, the troop must effectively employ indirect fires when needed. One of the commander’s greatest challenges is effectively synchronizing and concentrating all available assets at the critical time and place. 7-34. The planning process begins with receipt of the mission. The commander, XO, and FSO interact throughout planning and execution to ensure that necessary support is continually provided. While developing plans for employment of forces, the commander and the FSO plan for the best use of fires by determining: Fires and nonlethal assets that will be tasked to support the troop and subordinate elements. Targets to be attacked (to include the commanders HPTL). Indirect fires and nonlethal assets to be employed (ammunition and delivery). Desired target effects. Engagement priorities. 7-35. The commander clearly states his intent for fires and ensures that the fires plan is developed accordingly to support each phase of the operation. The following list covers areas that the commander coordinates with the FSO: Scheme of maneuver. This includes the AO, timing of advance, rate of movement, passage of lines, and <strong>Army</strong> aviation in the AO. Priority of fires. This identifies which platoon has priority of fires. Priority targets. These are identified, along with how long they will be in effect. HPTL. These are targets whose loss to the enemy will significantly contribute to the success of the friendly COA. CAS. The commander and FSO, in coordination with the squadron TACP, determine what CAS assets are available, when they are available, and how they will be used (including target selection and desired effects). FS coordination center. These control measures—existing or proposed, permissive or restrictive—are established. Ammunition restrictions. These place limitations on the use of smoke, improved conventional munitions, or other ammunition (including established controlled supply rates). 7-36. The FS plan outlines how both lethal and nonlethal fires will be used. The plan is developed by the troop FSO and is constantly refined as the operation continues. It ranks targets in priority order, matches them with the available indirect fires systems, eliminates duplication with squadron targets, and allows fires to be executed quickly and without specific direction from the commander. A FS plan includes: The general concept of how indirect fires will support the operation. A target list that includes locations where fires will be used. Priority of fires. HPT and priority targets. Allocation of priority targets and FPF, if available. Execution matrix. Required airspace coordination areas (ACA). FSCMs. ROE. Clearance of fires. 7-37. The FSO disseminates the FS plan within the troop OPORD or by other means, such as a digital message. It contains all the elements listed above and is modified as platoon indirect fire plans are received. Updated fire plans are then returned to the PLs. 16 November 2010 ATTP 3-20.97 7-9
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Army Tactics Techniques and Procedu
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Contents Purpose ..................
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Preface This Army Tactics, Techniqu
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Chapter 1 Introduction The dismount
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Introduction mission command and co
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Troop headquarters. 2-HMMWVs, with
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PLATOON SERGEANT Introduction 1-22.
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SUPPLY SERGEANT Introduction 1-30.
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Introduction describing the threats
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Chapter 2 Command and Control The e
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Command and Control resource—comp
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Artillery targets (list and overlay
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Command and Control Uses a listeni
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Command and Control 2-39. Ideally,
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Higher Headquarters Mission and Com
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Command and Control The local popu
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Command and Control mission. Suppor
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TACTICAL TRANSMISSIONS Command and
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Chapter 3 Reconnaissance Operations
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Reconnaissance Operations planning
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Engagement criteria. Guidance on a
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Capabilities Target acquisition.
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Reconnaissance Operations their cap
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Reconnaissance Operations Determin
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CRITICAL TASKS Figure 3-2. Example
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Reconnaissance Operations Major te
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Reconnaissance Operations CRITICAL
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Terrain and weather considerations,
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Reconnaissance Operations squadron/
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Glossary Acronym Definition A ACA a
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METT-TC MICO MISO MOPP MRE Glossary
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SOURCES USED References These are t
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A actions on contact, 3-19, 3-25, 4
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PIN: 100536-000