Challenges and Opportunities for Innovation in the Public Works ...

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Summary of Session C & Group Discussion Agenda Mr. Kyle Shilling, U.S. Army Institute of Water Resources Group Discussion Group A: Potential Areas of Opportunity Group B: Barriers to Innovation Group C: Enhancing Technology Transfer * Paper unavailable at time of publication ** Paper submitted without presentation 247
APPENDIX B ANALYSIS OF WORKSHOP PRESENTATIONS The following paragraphs summarize the contributions of the workshop participants. The summaries are organized to reflect the major issues relevant to the seven categories of barriers and opportunities discussed in Volume 1, Chapter 2. Cultural Values and Social Perception of Innovation and Infrastructure "Technological Advances and Public Works: A Synergistic or Antagonistic Relationship," by N. Hawkins Hawkins looks at the cultural, educational, and social foundations as factors that can be used to promote or interfere with innovation. In his paper he parallels U.S. and Japanese innovative programs as a mechanism to determine the mentioned factors. He mentions the fragmentation of the U.S. construction industry as an obstacle for innovation. He describes the leadership role exerted by the Japanese Government through the Ministry of Construction, as well as the tight partnership between Government, academia, and industry to develop and implement innovations in practice. "Barriers to Adoption of New Technologies," by P. Nowak Nowak focuses on understanding the reasons that affect an individual's decision to adopt or reject an innovation. An individual can reject an innovation if he is unable or unwilling to adopt. Nowak indicates some causes of the inability to innovate are: lack of information, cost of information, complexity of innovation, limited support available, and inadequate managerial skill. An individual may be unwilling to adopt for reasons such as conflicting information, poor applicability, incompatibility, or risk. Governmental Structure and Regulations "Searching for the Infrastructure of Tomorrow: National Research Council Activities, Federal Interests, and Federal Roles," by A. Lemer As the Director of the Building Research Board (BRB), Lemer describes BRB's active participation in the search for solutions to the infrastructure problem. Many of the facilities that are part of the public works infrastructure have a long life and are difficult to remove or retire. Also, in comparison with other sectors, the public works infrastructure has had few innovations in the last century (i.e., sewer systems, roads, and rails). He also mentions local distrust of the Government, which discourages investment and innovation. A lot of potential exists for successful innovations which improve the condition and capacity of existing facilities. Also, it is important to address cross-cutting research. The BRB is pursuing efforts to: encourage research, motivate changes in policy, and have better coordination of national and local efforts both private and public. There is also an ongoing effort to develop improved measurements of infrastructure performance. "Identifying, Programming, Executing Infrastructure Research and Development," by C.O. Magnell Magnell is the Director of Research for the Civil Engineering Research Foundation (CERF). He provides a very broad description of infrastructure as all the common structures and facilities enabling the society to function. He indicates that there is a shortage of R&D activities focused on the public works 249
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.. . AD-A281 083 ' US-m op fEomsA -
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CEWRC-IWR DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY CO
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CONTENTS INTRODUCTION .............
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CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR IN
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WORKSHOP PRESENTATIONS
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growing threat from major fires, an
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- provide the highest technological
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SEARCHING FOR THE INFRASTRUCTURE OF
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Because of the large investment emb
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Finally, the substantial public wor
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COST-EFFECTIVE INFRASTRUCTURE PERFO
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0 Infrastructure innovation will su
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REFERENCES Balzhiser, R. E. 1989. M
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highways based on this total govern
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important aspect of a nations infra
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Universities Universities face chal
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Table 3. Federal, State & Local - f
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C 0 > Ep - LII> 6- 322 El
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INTRODUCTIO Stone & Webster Enginee
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correct. Conduit is not usually mod
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the duct section. The design of the
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mechanical and structural design. T
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its| ISOC [ FAN OUTLET TO STACK BRE
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Figure 4. Construction Sequence Mod
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Arthur Baskin and Stephen C-Y Lu Ma
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Arthur Baskin and Stephen C-Y Lu 2.
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Arthur Baskin and Stephen C-Y Lu "*
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Arthur Baskin and Stephen C-Y Lu Ex
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Arthur Baskin and Stephen C-V Lu Di
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Arthur Baskin and Stephen C-Y Lu de
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Arthur BasiWn and Stephen C-Y Lu To
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Arthur Baskin and Stephen C-Y Lu Th
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Arthur Baskin and Stephen C-Y Lu co
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Arthur Baskin and Stephen C-Y Lu b-
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Arthur Baskin and Stephen C-Y Lu (1
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Arthur B"sWin and Stephen C-Y Lu (3
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But SHRP's success further undersco
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For all this new Research Activity,
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Technological Advances and Public W
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limits of existing technologies and
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through the formulation of visions
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proposed that it develop a soil com
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of each side, the time for completi
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compensation structure that not onl
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PSOCIETAL NEEDI ICONCEPT DEVELOPM:E
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JAPAN U.S.A. * REASONS FOR RESEARCH
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U.S. PRESSS PROGRAM Executive IwU.
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1. Information is lacking or scarce
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exist, offer explanations of these
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WORKSHOP CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITI
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Table 1, Ranking of Agencies or Gro
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From the overall study, three gener
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3. INTRODUCTION The Nation's infras
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A group of recognized experts on is
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abound to the point where I have op
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Is the bottom line that the first b
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SUPPLY DEMAND Provider of Public Wo
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The GFRC has assisted other federal
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Financial Sources - - The Intergove
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constraint upon state and local gov
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To understand the implications of t
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Intergovernmental Sources of Fundin
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Tremendous differences exist among
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funds, these have the effect of low
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population growth over the last thr
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Table I Sources of Funds for State
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0000 ' O C 00 - ' Ir . c - q - . '0
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equirements of construction; those
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in the birth of engineering as the
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allocate known risks among themselv
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outine infrastructure project fully
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Innovation and Technology Transfer
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Technology Transfer Plan for Each P
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The ATLSS Integrated Buildings Syst
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Technology Transfer (T) as a Work-P
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In the end, one may find that there
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different evolutionary stages. Each
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References. 1. Bonnett, R. K., 1989
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The typical approach for the captur
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of loss does exist. Conversely, in
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B. LIABILITY ARISING OUT OF NEGLIGE
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(or a commercialization entity unde
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to properly manage and structure it
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While express disclaimers of warran
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Each question bears on the degree t
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ights to the discovery, indemnify t
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2. Licensing of Discoveries Through
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To a substantial degree, the partic
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Institutional risk control: High. I
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Implementation Innovation Through T
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evealing. When categorized into eig
Page 192 and 193: egin development in Fall of '92. Th
Page 194 and 195: Mission Implemrentation of Innovati
Page 196 and 197: Sampling of Products Active Task Fo
Page 198 and 199: Typical Company Product Catalog c P
Page 200 and 201: Cil Education Program Pilot Short C
Page 202 and 203: 10 May 1992 Technology Transfer and
Page 204 and 205: The risk in trying something new ma
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Page 208 and 209: development effort. Developing inno
Page 210 and 211: among potential users, 2) provide i
Page 212 and 213: Jeffrey J. Walaszek USACERL, Public
Page 214 and 215: "O&M Chiefs" fto,, Page i meeting o
Page 216 and 217: Technical Reports - Videos, cont'd
Page 218 and 219: Fort Harrison Expects Quick Payback
Page 220 and 221: Test Water Quality at Minimal Cost
Page 222 and 223: Noise Monitor Helps Installations R
Page 224 and 225: Trenchless Pipe Replacement PIM: Th
Page 226 and 227: PRR-4 Geotextile Applications PRR-1
Page 228 and 229: After addressing these initial matt
Page 230 and 231: Concluding thoughts The chairman as
Page 232 and 233: The APWA has been very successful i
Page 234 and 235: challenge these constraints for jus
Page 236 and 237: Group C: Enhancing Technology Trans
Page 238 and 239: A national catalyst must not be a b
Page 240 and 241: WORKSHOP AGENDA Tuesday March 3. 19
Page 244 and 245: infrastructure. He also asserts tha
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Page 248 and 249: BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES APPENDIX C Ar
Page 250 and 251: Publications include: "The Manageme
Page 252 and 253: concrete beams. From the American C
Page 254 and 255: William D. Michalerya William Micha
Page 256 and 257: Mr. Schilling graduated in 1963 as
Page 258 and 259: Dr. Walton has been involved in res
Page 260 and 261: REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE 1p Pubkc
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