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of trees less likely in the Mabedlane-Mkhazane area especially for cooking and heating (Buthelezi, Pers. Comm., Tuesday, 06-02-2007d). (c) Ondini Cultural Museum The Ondini cultural museum houses the rich cultural heritage in Kwazulu-Natal, from the earliest inhabitants of the great Zulu nation. One of the most representative collections of Zulu material culture in the country is kept here. The Ondini site museum focuses on the life of King Cetshwayo, last king of an independent Zululand, whose royal residence has been reconstructed in Ulundi on the basis of archaeological excavations. The site also provides visitors with insight into the Anglo-Zulu war of 1879 (www.anglozuluwar.comlthejournal). This museum is strategically located along the P700 road making its accessibility by tourists from the R34 and R66 as well as the Prince Mangosuthu airport quite easy. The enormous tourism potential ofthe museum can contribute to the local economic development of Ulundi. In this thesis, household heads were questioned about their knowledge ofthis museum and the role the latter can play in the development of the study area. This study however finds that little has been done to market this place to maximize its tourism potential. (d) UmJolozi-ffluhluwe Game Reserve The UmfoloziIHluhluwe park is an ecological sanctuary which is 35km away from Ulundi. using P700 road. It is very close to many cultural attributes of significance in the study area It is a nature conservation area accommodating di fferent species of flora and fauna. Home to the 'Big five', Umfolozi-Hiuhluwe IS one of South Africa's wildlife parks (www.tintasafaris.co.za). The tourism potential of this game reserve displays significant economic spin-offs to the rural communities of Ulundi that live along the P700 leading to the reserve. The Hoyt's sector model in the theories of urban land use in the literature review earlier is relevant to determine the socio-economic influence of P700 and R66 in the Ulundi Local Municipality. However, the economic benefits of their proximity to the reserve have not been forth coming due to the lack of communal entrepreneurial spirit. business initiative and decisive marketing. This is in consonance with the loss of economic opportunities in the Durban cultural tourism market, due to neglect as earlier noted in the literature [www.durban.gov.za(2007)]. 151
(e) White Umjolozi river andAloeplants The White Umfolozi river is the main drainage system ofthe Ulundi local area. The climate ofUlundi is generally dry and relatively hot, yet the white Umfolozi is perennial in nature. In spite of its presence, Ulundi experiences water supply challenges from time to time. The occasional water shortage discourages and undermines tourism in the area. Aloe is a common plant that grows in the study area and its immediate surrounding municipalities like Nongoma, Pongola and Abaqulusi. The aloe has a huge market potential as a result of its inherent medicinal value both locally and internationally. The study recognizes that little has been done about the aloe plant in terms of feasibility studies to determine the market and economic spin-offs from its harvesting and processing (Sibiya, Pers. Cornm., Thursday, 22-03-2007b). (f) Battlefields - Historical sites The Ulundi area has a long history of conflict. The Ulundi Battlefield where the final battle of the Anglo-Zulu war was fought is located in this municipality. The battle of Gqokli hill fought between the forces ofKing Shaka and Inkosi Zwide ofthe Ndwandwe in 1818 is found in Ulundi (www.heritagekzn.com). These historical trails have significant tourism potential both on the domestic and international fronts. The economic spin-offs that these have on the improvement of the quality of life of the Ulundi rural communities is crucial. However, the implicit developmental potentials ofthese historical trails have not been used fully in UJundi. (g) Prince Mangosuthu Buthelezi Airport The Ulundi Local Municipality has a state-of-the-art airport, with over 8000 square metres size ofadjacent buildings comprising ofdeparture and arrival halls, offices and stores for civil aviation purposes. This airport has remained unused since 2002 on socio-economic and political reasons. This study envisages that operating this facility again in the study area would leverage the economic impetus that tourism wields in the area. Potential local and international tourists to the Zululand region would have the leisure ofair flights and avoid the long distance travel by road. The closeness of the P700 road to the airport and their link to 152
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A Situational and Land Use Analysis
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This achievement i
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DECLARATION I declare that this res
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strategic path for purposes of addi
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1.7 CONCLUSION CHAPTER TWO THEORETI
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4.2 RESEARCH DESIGN 91 4.2.1 Sampli
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CHAPTER SIX THE ANALYSIS AND INTERP
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FIGURE 1.1 1.2 3.1 3.2 4.1 5.1 5.2
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LIST OF TABLES TABLES DESCRIPTION P
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6.34 7.1 Efficiency and effectivene
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This study provides relevant and me
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The Ulundi Local Municipality seems
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Nearly half the area of the municip
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(a) To determine the various land u
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1.4.4 Land use analysis Land use an
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Hence, the 'sustainable development
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evaluative; and for others, scienti
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namely, the concentric, the sector,
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2.1 INTRODUCTION CHAPTER TWO LITERA
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Key global changes have obliged cit
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Regarding a second categorization,
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efers to the overall planning and m
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stressed that employment generation
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were described as community based e
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the investigation considers issues
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y economic processes. Lefebvre (197
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houses increases with distance from
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Zones and sectors tend to distort f
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Many cities are really too large an
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The classical models of the city su
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model is significant in this study
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a service, or solving a mutual prob
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for regionalism has been weak. Alte
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FinalIy, this chapter incorporates
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UNCOF's strategic and flexible prog
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legislation gaps and strong urban b
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• They involve local, national an
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and objectives. Are they realistic?
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This study acknowledges the importa
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3.2.2.6 Benefits ofIDP for differen
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It must also ensure that the !DP co
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India, Africa, Asia and South Ameri
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The Lewis structuralist model is an
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human capital is the skill and know
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World leaders authored a list of de
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3.4.2 Demography Another important
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economic and political relationship
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In the first phase ofthe project, h
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elections. They replaced the title
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On the basis ofthe Lebanon experien
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exist with various departments name
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3.8 CONCLUSION The chapter establis
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4.1 INTRODUCTION CHAPTER FOUR METHO
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FIGURE 4.1: THE FIVE SPATIAL UNITS
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The research tool established the b
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cultural attributes in the study ar
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attributes in the development of Ul
Page 119 and 120: 4.4.3 Interpretation (Understanding
Page 121 and 122: 5.1 INTRODUCTION CHAPTER FIVE THE S
Page 123: in South Africa and a new municipal
Page 126 and 127: and historical sites around Ulundi
Page 128 and 129: FIGURE 5.2: The main transport syst
Page 130 and 131: government services were concentrat
Page 132 and 133: opportunities for the Zululand Regi
Page 134 and 135: (Appavoo and Associates, 1998). Alt
Page 136 and 137: 5.4.1 Water According to the Recons
Page 138 and 139: From Table 5.1 above, about 83.7% p
Page 140 and 141: plans will serve as a guide both to
Page 142 and 143: the places ofresidence oflearners a
Page 144 and 145: spatial or non-spatial. All of us u
Page 146 and 147: 5.6.3 Environmental systems and lin
Page 148 and 149: alance) are in state ownership, or
Page 150 and 151: 5.7.2 Role Section 35(2) of the MSA
Page 152 and 153: Municipalities respectively) have b
Page 154 and 155: Mkhazane, Mabedlane, Mbangayiya, Mt
Page 156 and 157: 60 50 Gl 40 Cl S c: 30 Gl U.. Gl 20
Page 159 and 160: Table 6.4: The relationship between
Page 163 and 164: above children per household. The h
Page 165 and 166: 6.4.1 Objective One: Existing lands
Page 168: • Opathe Emakhosini Heritage Park
Page 173: (i) Accommodation andhospitalityfac
Page 180 and 181: majority of the households appear t
Page 182 and 183: interviewed (31 %) were within the
Page 184 and 185: The community services division of
Page 187: Table 6.19 describes the trend ofa
Page 190 and 191: Table 6.21: The strategies for impr
Page 192 and 193: attlefields and the broad coastal a
Page 194: The ZDM (planning division) indicat
Page 199: Table 6.24: Community projects in U
Page 203: Interestingly, a significant 18% of
Page 206: that undermined the economic sustai
Page 209 and 210: and credit control policy in the 20
Page 211: The nature and levels of performanc
Page 215 and 216: 7.1 INTRODUCTION CHAPTER SEVEN FIND
Page 218 and 219: Zululand, yet most residents do not
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threat to the situational and local
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Stages 2 and 3: Environmental analy
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The merging of the externalities (S
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would undergo market development pe
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Pietennaritzburg, limited residenti
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Ulundi. When the models of developm
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Municipality (ZDM), the spatial dev
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To determine the various landscape
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(Agricultural extension support ser
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had been created. The findings of t
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eans to Amajuba from places like Ul
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participation andto recommend a dev
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According to the municipal council,
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Systems Act (Act 32 of 2000). The D
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7.5.2. Tourism The regIOn has a hig
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land use propositions ID Ulundi. Th
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in such a way that they lead to the
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full (maximum) utilisation ofthe em
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Briffault, R. (2000): Localism and
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Helmsing, A.H.J. (2001a) Local Econ
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Meintjes, C.J. (2001): Guidelines t
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Scot!, G. and Pawson, E. (1999) Loc
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Zhu J (1999) Local Growth Coalition
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http://www.c-r.orglour-work/accord/
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http://www.wpunj.edu/-newpoVissues2
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(c) 7 and above [ ] 5. How many dep
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D. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AND SUS
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(a) Yes [I (b) No [I (c) Not sure [
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the spatial, socio-economic and adm
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