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Pietennaritzburg, limited residential opportunities, lack of diversified shopping facilities, commuting of government officials to and from Ulundi, cultural events that only attract limited local participants, lack of recreational facilities and the lack of corporate financing institutions. There is also lack of higher-order facilities such as a multi-lingual school, technical college and medical centre. In the face of the socio-economic problems that prevail in the study area, the research question was: 'To what extent can planning that takes into account the cultural and physical landscape attributes improve the chancesfor development actions in the Ulundi Local Municipality '. In trying to answer the research question above, secondary questions were posed as reflected in chapter one. Chapter one presented an orientation to the study. This entailed background to the study, statement ofthe problem, research questions and objectives. Chapter one further presented the operational definition ofconcepts, the justification ofthe topic in terms ofwider research. Finally, the chapter concluded with hypothesis formulation and layout ofthe study. Chapter two has reviewed the pro-growth and pro-poor perspectives of LED. The application ofthese two dimensions in this study of Ulundi taking into consideration the local needs and resources is noted. In South Africa, the pro-poor perspective of LED reigns more supreme than the market driven school of thought. This is more prevalent in developing rural municipalities with little or no source of local funding for capital expenditure. As part ofthe literature review, the three models of urban structure namely the concentric, the sector, multiple nuclei models as postulated by Burgess, Hoyt, and Harris and Ullman respectively are also presented. Moreover, a section of theoretical framework presented here has reviewed the challenges underlying political fragmentation and regionalism. It should however be noted that, support for regionalism has been weak. Alternatives such as intermunicipal cooperation or functional consolidation (specific to a service) have been much more popular. These solutions also raise 212
problems of equity and democratic representation and the ability to address the need for a broader multi-functional coordination. Chapter three establishes the dynamics of development. The policies and planning frameworks from the international and national perspectives are also looked at. Particularly noteworthy of issues deliberated in this section are the approach, roles and responsibilities of the United Nations Capital Development Fund (UNCDF) towards local development. The UNCDF supports local development programmes; distils and disseminates policy lessons in local development and decentralization policy from its LDPs thereby promoting cross-country learning and exchange. Local Economic Development (LED), as a strategic tool to pursue the rural development and urban renewal agenda of South Africa to counter the legacy of uneven development in the country is looked at in great detail. This is considered within the framework of integrated development plan, which serves as the basis on which planning, guidance, development, resource allocation as well as budgeting is done in all municipalities in South Africa Also dealt with in this section are the modalities involved in the IDP process, the institutional arrangement and capabilities. Institutionalising public participation in order to create structures and design policies and programme to serve the developmental interests of the people is reviewed. The last but the least, the four stages in the IDP implementation cycle are described. Finally, the benefits oflDP are presented. This study recognises the importance of IDP in clarifying the situational and local economic development ofthe Ulundi municipal development initiative. The IDP implementation cycle is significant for the planning and development of both urban and rural environments and more specifically for Ulundi as the latter is fundamentally located in a rural environment. The chapter further presents an overview of the models of development. The models are macro in nature, however, they have indirect influence on the micro-economic variables at local economic development landscapes. An understanding of theories and models of development is important for this study on the situational and local economic development in 213
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A Situational and Land Use Analysis
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This achievement i
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DECLARATION I declare that this res
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strategic path for purposes of addi
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1.7 CONCLUSION CHAPTER TWO THEORETI
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4.2 RESEARCH DESIGN 91 4.2.1 Sampli
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CHAPTER SIX THE ANALYSIS AND INTERP
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FIGURE 1.1 1.2 3.1 3.2 4.1 5.1 5.2
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LIST OF TABLES TABLES DESCRIPTION P
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6.34 7.1 Efficiency and effectivene
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This study provides relevant and me
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The Ulundi Local Municipality seems
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Nearly half the area of the municip
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(a) To determine the various land u
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1.4.4 Land use analysis Land use an
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Hence, the 'sustainable development
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evaluative; and for others, scienti
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namely, the concentric, the sector,
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2.1 INTRODUCTION CHAPTER TWO LITERA
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Key global changes have obliged cit
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Regarding a second categorization,
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efers to the overall planning and m
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stressed that employment generation
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were described as community based e
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the investigation considers issues
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y economic processes. Lefebvre (197
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houses increases with distance from
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Zones and sectors tend to distort f
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Many cities are really too large an
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The classical models of the city su
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model is significant in this study
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a service, or solving a mutual prob
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for regionalism has been weak. Alte
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FinalIy, this chapter incorporates
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UNCOF's strategic and flexible prog
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legislation gaps and strong urban b
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• They involve local, national an
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and objectives. Are they realistic?
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This study acknowledges the importa
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3.2.2.6 Benefits ofIDP for differen
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It must also ensure that the !DP co
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India, Africa, Asia and South Ameri
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The Lewis structuralist model is an
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human capital is the skill and know
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World leaders authored a list of de
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3.4.2 Demography Another important
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economic and political relationship
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In the first phase ofthe project, h
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elections. They replaced the title
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On the basis ofthe Lebanon experien
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exist with various departments name
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3.8 CONCLUSION The chapter establis
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4.1 INTRODUCTION CHAPTER FOUR METHO
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FIGURE 4.1: THE FIVE SPATIAL UNITS
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The research tool established the b
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cultural attributes in the study ar
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attributes in the development of Ul
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4.4.3 Interpretation (Understanding
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5.1 INTRODUCTION CHAPTER FIVE THE S
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in South Africa and a new municipal
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and historical sites around Ulundi
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FIGURE 5.2: The main transport syst
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government services were concentrat
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opportunities for the Zululand Regi
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(Appavoo and Associates, 1998). Alt
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5.4.1 Water According to the Recons
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From Table 5.1 above, about 83.7% p
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plans will serve as a guide both to
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the places ofresidence oflearners a
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spatial or non-spatial. All of us u
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5.6.3 Environmental systems and lin
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alance) are in state ownership, or
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5.7.2 Role Section 35(2) of the MSA
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Municipalities respectively) have b
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Mkhazane, Mabedlane, Mbangayiya, Mt
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60 50 Gl 40 Cl S c: 30 Gl U.. Gl 20
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Table 6.4: The relationship between
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above children per household. The h
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6.4.1 Objective One: Existing lands
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• Opathe Emakhosini Heritage Park
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(e) White Umjolozi river andAloepla
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(i) Accommodation andhospitalityfac
Page 180 and 181: majority of the households appear t
Page 182 and 183: interviewed (31 %) were within the
Page 184 and 185: The community services division of
Page 187: Table 6.19 describes the trend ofa
Page 190 and 191: Table 6.21: The strategies for impr
Page 192 and 193: attlefields and the broad coastal a
Page 194: The ZDM (planning division) indicat
Page 199: Table 6.24: Community projects in U
Page 203: Interestingly, a significant 18% of
Page 206: that undermined the economic sustai
Page 209 and 210: and credit control policy in the 20
Page 211: The nature and levels of performanc
Page 215 and 216: 7.1 INTRODUCTION CHAPTER SEVEN FIND
Page 218 and 219: Zululand, yet most residents do not
Page 220: threat to the situational and local
Page 223 and 224: Stages 2 and 3: Environmental analy
Page 225 and 226: The merging of the externalities (S
Page 227 and 228: would undergo market development pe
Page 232 and 233: Ulundi. When the models of developm
Page 234 and 235: Municipality (ZDM), the spatial dev
Page 236 and 237: To determine the various landscape
Page 238 and 239: (Agricultural extension support ser
Page 240 and 241: had been created. The findings of t
Page 242 and 243: eans to Amajuba from places like Ul
Page 244 and 245: participation andto recommend a dev
Page 246 and 247: According to the municipal council,
Page 248 and 249: Systems Act (Act 32 of 2000). The D
Page 250 and 251: 7.5.2. Tourism The regIOn has a hig
Page 253 and 254: land use propositions ID Ulundi. Th
Page 255 and 256: in such a way that they lead to the
Page 257: full (maximum) utilisation ofthe em
Page 260 and 261: Briffault, R. (2000): Localism and
Page 262 and 263: Helmsing, A.H.J. (2001a) Local Econ
Page 264 and 265: Meintjes, C.J. (2001): Guidelines t
Page 266 and 267: Scot!, G. and Pawson, E. (1999) Loc
Page 268 and 269: Zhu J (1999) Local Growth Coalition
Page 270: http://www.c-r.orglour-work/accord/
Page 273 and 274: http://www.wpunj.edu/-newpoVissues2
Page 275: (c) 7 and above [ ] 5. How many dep
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D. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AND SUS
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(a) Yes [I (b) No [I (c) Not sure [
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the spatial, socio-economic and adm
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