View/Open - University of Zululand Institutional Repository
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• Europe had a society rich in human resources including an educated and skilled labour<br />
force.<br />
• It did not set down the nature <strong>of</strong> the pre-conditions for growth. Thus as a predictive<br />
model, it is not very helpful.<br />
• It never looked at why societies in developing countries like South Africa were unable<br />
to save and invest.<br />
• It assumed that development is a stage which is reached rather than ongoing.<br />
In spite <strong>of</strong> its popularly acclaimed stance in Europe over time, this study exercises caution in<br />
the application <strong>of</strong>the Rostow model to the growth and development <strong>of</strong>Ulundi in view <strong>of</strong>the<br />
abovementioned weaknesses.<br />
3.3.3 The structuralist model<br />
In essence, structuralism is a philosophical position which advocates the existence <strong>of</strong>common<br />
hidden patterns, implicit rules and underlying dynamics that structure various areas <strong>of</strong> human<br />
activity and spatial development, be it social, political, cultural, economic or industrial<br />
[http://www.uk.encarta.msn.com.encvclopedi1!. (2007)]. It was towards the end <strong>of</strong> the 1960s<br />
that structuralism entered into general public and scholarly awareness in Western countries.<br />
where its period <strong>of</strong> greatest dominance was the I970s. In other situations, the structuralist<br />
model explains how labour moves in a dual economy. A dual economy is where you have<br />
large differences between a developed section and a developing one.<br />
In this model. industrial growth drives economic growth and is made possible by<br />
government's investment in industry. Industry draws on surplus labour from rural areas so<br />
that benefits trickle dm.vn to those in rural areas. Structuralists have suggested that<br />
developing countries needed their governments to finance their own manufacturing industries<br />
in order to develop a modern economy where a higher percentage <strong>of</strong> people live in cities and<br />
are employed in an increasing number <strong>of</strong>industries. They believed that governments needed<br />
to impose high taxes or tariffs on imponed goods in order to protect and develop the country's<br />
own manufacturing sector.<br />
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