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had been created. The findings of the study however could confirm the claim of public participation with significant certainty. After its dissolution for a long time, the Community Tourism Association (CTA) had been reconstituted early this year to steer the affairs of tourism in Ulundi. Being an important component of economic development, the municipal budget ought to make provision for tourism in the future budget. The District, with particular refe!"ence to Ulundi, has a number ofoutstanding primary attractions, many ofwhich have still not been appropriately developed and packaged to confer local economic benefits. It is useful to understand what the main attractions of Zululand are before (refer to chapter five) seeking to match product development opportunities with those attractions based on tourism market demand. Ulundi is different from some of its neighbouring municipalities in that it is not a coastal destination and cannot offer coastal tourism experiences. The Ulundi Local Municipality falls across two relatively well-known tourism destinations (i.e., the battlefields and the broad coastal area of northern KwaZulu-Natal known by the market as Zululand). The ZDM acknowledged Ulundi as the cultural core of the district and all tourism activity should be focused on the theme of it being the birthplace ofthe Zulu Nation, incorporating some ofthe richest historical sites in Africa, wildlife and living cultures. The Emakhosini development, the airport and the P700 link to the Cengeni Gate of Hluhluwe - Umfolozi Park should be prioritised as anchor projects. The Provincial Department ofEconomic Development in collaboration with the Office ofthe Premier (the leading agent) sees the Emakhosini Ophathe development as having high labour absorption during the construction and infrastructure development phase. Preferential procurement must be instituted in the hospitality operations. The tribal authority ofMpungose is prospective participant and active stakeholder as the protected area ofOpathe Emakhosini includes a section of these tribal areas. This approach also calls for business linkages with private game reserves. Since over 40% land of the ZDM is in the Traditional Authority whereby land is usually held by the Ngonyama Trust, traditional lands with high 222
tourism potential are to be developed within the framework of partnership. The emerging tourism industry in Ulundi is characterized by tourism routes, such as battlefields route and the Zulu heritage route. Local knowledge of historical sites, places of interest and culture position local entrepreneurs as potential tourist operators. All tourism stakeholders should not see themselves as competitors but as complementing one another. The B & B operators, Amafa aKwaZulu Heritage, tourism ZDM, tourism KZN and all tourism stakeholders in Ulundi ought to come on board for a more comprehensive integrated tourism plan for Ulundi. Tourism development potential along P700 is very paramount and has far more sustainable capabilities. B & B, traditional self-help accommodation, art and craft markets as well as information centres can be established along the P700 with the aim ofattracting domestic and international tourists to ensure commercial ribbon development through sustainable tourism. The synergy between tourism and agriculture can be realized by the supply ofproduce for the tourist industry. The growth and development ofagriculture and tourist economic themes can fulfil the Provincial Department of Finance and Economic Development's key concerns as enshrined in the provincial LED projects. The highest agriculture potential in the entire Zululand District Municipality is in the north and north-east of the region, particularly in the Upongolo Local Municipality. There are currently development projects in crop production around Ulundi, Nongoma, Upongola and AbaQulusi. The generally dry climate of Ulundi has created a condition that is apparently conducive for the commercial cultivation of soya beans and livestock production. The proposed soya beans project is a partnership exercise between Zululand, Umzinyathi and Amajuba District Municipalities. The memorandum of agreement is that Zululand and Urnzinyathi will supply the raw soya beans for processing at Amajuba. Ulundi which falls under Zululand District Municipality may not benefit from the direct employment opportunities and infrastructural development spin-offs that the processing plant at Amajuba will command. However, this project paves the way for the rural crop farmers to form co operatives and work on a relatively large scale operation. This also has the capacity to increase disposable income and improve the quality of life of the people. What remains an envisaged challenge to be borne by farmers however is the transport cost to freight the soya 223
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A Situational and Land Use Analysis
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This achievement i
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DECLARATION I declare that this res
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strategic path for purposes of addi
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1.7 CONCLUSION CHAPTER TWO THEORETI
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4.2 RESEARCH DESIGN 91 4.2.1 Sampli
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CHAPTER SIX THE ANALYSIS AND INTERP
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FIGURE 1.1 1.2 3.1 3.2 4.1 5.1 5.2
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LIST OF TABLES TABLES DESCRIPTION P
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6.34 7.1 Efficiency and effectivene
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This study provides relevant and me
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The Ulundi Local Municipality seems
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Nearly half the area of the municip
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(a) To determine the various land u
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1.4.4 Land use analysis Land use an
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Hence, the 'sustainable development
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evaluative; and for others, scienti
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namely, the concentric, the sector,
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2.1 INTRODUCTION CHAPTER TWO LITERA
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Key global changes have obliged cit
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Regarding a second categorization,
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efers to the overall planning and m
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stressed that employment generation
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were described as community based e
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the investigation considers issues
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y economic processes. Lefebvre (197
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houses increases with distance from
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Zones and sectors tend to distort f
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Many cities are really too large an
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The classical models of the city su
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model is significant in this study
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a service, or solving a mutual prob
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for regionalism has been weak. Alte
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FinalIy, this chapter incorporates
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UNCOF's strategic and flexible prog
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legislation gaps and strong urban b
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• They involve local, national an
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and objectives. Are they realistic?
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This study acknowledges the importa
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3.2.2.6 Benefits ofIDP for differen
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It must also ensure that the !DP co
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India, Africa, Asia and South Ameri
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The Lewis structuralist model is an
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human capital is the skill and know
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World leaders authored a list of de
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3.4.2 Demography Another important
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economic and political relationship
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In the first phase ofthe project, h
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elections. They replaced the title
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On the basis ofthe Lebanon experien
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exist with various departments name
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3.8 CONCLUSION The chapter establis
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4.1 INTRODUCTION CHAPTER FOUR METHO
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FIGURE 4.1: THE FIVE SPATIAL UNITS
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The research tool established the b
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cultural attributes in the study ar
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attributes in the development of Ul
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4.4.3 Interpretation (Understanding
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5.1 INTRODUCTION CHAPTER FIVE THE S
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in South Africa and a new municipal
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and historical sites around Ulundi
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FIGURE 5.2: The main transport syst
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government services were concentrat
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opportunities for the Zululand Regi
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(Appavoo and Associates, 1998). Alt
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5.4.1 Water According to the Recons
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From Table 5.1 above, about 83.7% p
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plans will serve as a guide both to
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the places ofresidence oflearners a
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spatial or non-spatial. All of us u
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5.6.3 Environmental systems and lin
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alance) are in state ownership, or
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5.7.2 Role Section 35(2) of the MSA
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Municipalities respectively) have b
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Mkhazane, Mabedlane, Mbangayiya, Mt
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60 50 Gl 40 Cl S c: 30 Gl U.. Gl 20
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Table 6.4: The relationship between
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above children per household. The h
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6.4.1 Objective One: Existing lands
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• Opathe Emakhosini Heritage Park
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(e) White Umjolozi river andAloepla
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(i) Accommodation andhospitalityfac
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majority of the households appear t
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interviewed (31 %) were within the
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The community services division of
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Table 6.19 describes the trend ofa
Page 190 and 191: Table 6.21: The strategies for impr
Page 192 and 193: attlefields and the broad coastal a
Page 194: The ZDM (planning division) indicat
Page 199: Table 6.24: Community projects in U
Page 203: Interestingly, a significant 18% of
Page 206: that undermined the economic sustai
Page 209 and 210: and credit control policy in the 20
Page 211: The nature and levels of performanc
Page 215 and 216: 7.1 INTRODUCTION CHAPTER SEVEN FIND
Page 218 and 219: Zululand, yet most residents do not
Page 220: threat to the situational and local
Page 223 and 224: Stages 2 and 3: Environmental analy
Page 225 and 226: The merging of the externalities (S
Page 227 and 228: would undergo market development pe
Page 230 and 231: Pietennaritzburg, limited residenti
Page 232 and 233: Ulundi. When the models of developm
Page 234 and 235: Municipality (ZDM), the spatial dev
Page 236 and 237: To determine the various landscape
Page 238 and 239: (Agricultural extension support ser
Page 242 and 243: eans to Amajuba from places like Ul
Page 244 and 245: participation andto recommend a dev
Page 246 and 247: According to the municipal council,
Page 248 and 249: Systems Act (Act 32 of 2000). The D
Page 250 and 251: 7.5.2. Tourism The regIOn has a hig
Page 253 and 254: land use propositions ID Ulundi. Th
Page 255 and 256: in such a way that they lead to the
Page 257: full (maximum) utilisation ofthe em
Page 260 and 261: Briffault, R. (2000): Localism and
Page 262 and 263: Helmsing, A.H.J. (2001a) Local Econ
Page 264 and 265: Meintjes, C.J. (2001): Guidelines t
Page 266 and 267: Scot!, G. and Pawson, E. (1999) Loc
Page 268 and 269: Zhu J (1999) Local Growth Coalition
Page 270: http://www.c-r.orglour-work/accord/
Page 273 and 274: http://www.wpunj.edu/-newpoVissues2
Page 275: (c) 7 and above [ ] 5. How many dep
Page 279 and 280: D. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AND SUS
Page 281 and 282: (a) Yes [I (b) No [I (c) Not sure [
Page 283: the spatial, socio-economic and adm
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