Tackling the future challenges of Organic Animal Husbandry - vTI

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! Agriculture and Forestry Research, Special Issue No 362 (Braunschweig, 2012) ISSN 0376-0723 Download: www.vti.bund.de/en/startseite/vti-publications/landbauforschung-special-issues.html 176 Dietary supplementation of Artemisia annua to free range broilers and its effects on gastro-intestinal parasite infections GUSTAVO F. D. ALMEIDA 1 , KLAUS HORSTED 1 , STIG M. THAMSBORG 2 AND JOHN E. HERMANSEN 1 1 Department of Agroecology, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Aarhus University, Research Centre Foulum, Denmark. http://agro.au.dk/en/, eMail:Gustavo.deAlmeida@agrsci.dk; Klaus.Horsted@agrci.dk; John.Hermansen@agrsci.dk. 2 Danish Centre for Experimental Parasitology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark. http://healthsciences.ku.dk/, eMail: smt@life.ku.dk Abstract In a factorial experiment, effects of dried leaves of Artemisia annua as an anti-parasitic supplement in two different broiler genotypes, raised in a free range system, were investigated. Birds were grown indoors until 29 days of age free of parasites. Twelve groups, each of 35 randomly selected birds naturally infected with coccidia (Eimeria spp.), were placed in plots cultivated with a mix of grass and white clover (previous two years without poultry) thus forming three replicates for each treatment combination (2 genotypes and +/- supplementation of A. annua). Ten individual birds from each of the 12 groups (n=120) were monitored twice a week for excretion of coccidia oocysts (OPG) and gastrointestinal nematode eggs (EPG). At the end of the trial, when broilers were 74 days of age, 5 broilers per plot (n=60) were necropsied and their intestines opened for coccidia speciation and to account for the presence of gastrointestinal nematodes. In general, broilers from both genotypes coped well with coccidia infections as no deaths were reported. Broilers supplemented with A. annua showed a reduced number of excreted oocysts (67% less; p
RAHMANN G & GODINHO D (Ed.) (2012): Tackling the Future Challenges of Organic Animal Husbandry. Proceedings of the 2 nd OAHC, Hamburg/Trenthorst, Germany, Sep 12-14, 2012 Material and methodology The experiment was conducted at the Research Centre Foulum, Aarhus University, Denmark. The study used a 2 x 2 factorial design – with two genotypes and two dietary treatments (supplemented with A. annua dried leaves or not) as main factors – and with three replicates for each treatment combination. In total, the experiment thus included 12 flocks of 35 broilers of mixed sex. During the study, animals were fed a typical organic concentrate, whole wheat and supplemented with water. 30 broilers were randomly allocated to 12 plots outdoor at 29 days of age. Six groups, three of each genotype, were fed Artemisia mixed in diet while the non-treated groups received diet without A. annua. 60 broiler called “seeders” were naturally infected with contaminated manure according with Velkers et al. (2010) and after 10 days, at 39 days of age, 5 “seeders” were introduced to each of the 12 plots. Ten broilers called “tracers” where randomly selected per plot and monitored twice weekly for coccidia oocyst (oocysts/g faeces; OPG) and A. galli egg (eggs/g faeces; EPG) excretion. In the end of the study, at 74 days of age, 5 broilers per plot (n=60) (not “seeders” and not “tracers”) were harvested for lesion score in accordance with Johnson and Reid (1970) and for counting nematodes in the intestinal tracts. Consumption of diet was recorded twice a week and a mean individual feed consumption was calculated for both genotypes. All broilers in this study were weighed individually in four specific moments at different ages. Analysis of variance was performed using the MIXED procedure in SAS for infection and performance attributes. Total weight gain and the daily weight gain were calculated individually while feed conversion rate was calculated per plot. More information on methods can be found at Almeida et al. (2012). Results The overall body weight gain and the weight gain when coccidia infection was subdued showed a three-way interaction among genotype, sex and treatment (Table 1). Weight gain was higher when K8R females were supplemented with A. annua whereas supplemented K8R males had a lower weight gain than non-supplemented males (Table 2). No differences for the overall performance of flocks treated and untreated were reported at the end of the trial. Table 1. Levels of significance of factors influencing performance and infection Weight Gain (Kg) Daily gain (g/d) periods a Mean OPG b A. galli larvae c 29-42 42-56 56-74 Treatment NS * NS * * NS Genotype ** ** ** ** NS NS Genotype x Treat. NS NS NS NS NS NS Sex ** ** ** ** * - Treatment x Sex * NS NS * NS - Genotype x Sex * NS NS * NS - Treat. x Gen. x Sex * NS NS * NS - NS = Non Significant; * significant at P
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Sonderheft 362 Special Issue Tackli
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Landbauforschung vTI Agriculture an
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Foreword Organic animal husbandry s
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Content RAHMANN G & GODINHO D (Ed.)
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Introduction RAHMANN G & GODINHO D
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References RAHMANN G & GODINHO D (E
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Abstract RAHMANN G & GODINHO D (Ed.
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Discussion RAHMANN G & GODINHO D (E
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Factors Plant Height (cm) RAHMANN G
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Results RAHMANN G & GODINHO D (Ed.)
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FEC adjusted for dry matter 12000 1
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Conclusions RAHMANN G & GODINHO D (
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Kg liveweight (mean) RAHMANN G & GO
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