Tackling the future challenges of Organic Animal Husbandry - vTI

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! Agriculture and Forestry Research, Special Issue No 362 (Braunschweig, 2012) ISSN 0376-0723 Download: www.vti.bund.de/en/startseite/vti-publications/landbauforschung-special-issues.html Collomb, M.; Bisig, W.; Bütikofer,U.; Sieber,R.; Bregy, M.; Etter, L. (2008). Fatty acid composition of mountain milk from Switzerland: Comparison of organic and integrated farming systems. International Dairy Journal, 18, 976-982. Council Regulation (EC) No 834/2007 of 28 June 2007. Official Journal of the European Union, L189, (2007) 1-23. Fox, P.F, McSweeney, P.L.H., Cogan, T.M, Guinee, T.P. (2000) Fundamentals of Cheese Science. Gaithersburg, MD, EEUU: Aspen Publishers Inc. Gabryszuk M, Sloniewski K, Sakowski T (2008): Macroand microelements in milk and hair of cows from conventional vs. organic farms. Animal Science Papers and Reports 26, 199–209. Jahreis, G., Fritsche, J., Steinhart, H. (1996). Monthly variations of milk composition with special regard to fatty acids depending on season and farm management systems – conventional versus ecological. Fett – Lipid, 98, 356–359. Pinho, O.; Mendes, E.; Alves, M. M.; Ferreira, I. M. P. L. V. O. (2004) Chemical, physical, and sensorial characteristics of Terrincho ewe cheese: changes during ripening and intravarietal comparison. Journal of Dairy Science, 87, 249-257. Priolo, A., Lanza, M., Barbagallo, D., Finocchiaro, L.Y., Biondi, L. (2003). Can the reflectance spectrum be used to trace grass feeding in ewe milk?. Small Ruminant Research, 48(2), 103–107. Revilla, I., Lurueña-Martínez, M. A., Blanco-Lopez, M. A., Viñuela Serrano, J., Vivar-Quintana, A. M., Palacios, C.,. (2009). Changes in ewe’s milk composition in organic versus conventional dairy farms. . Czech Journal of Food Sciences, 27(SPEC. ISS.), S263-S266. Saldo, J., Sendra, B. y Guamis, B. (2002). Colour changes during ripening of high pressure treated hard caprine cheese. High Pressure Research, 22, 659–663. Sousa MJ, Ardo Y., McSweeney PLH (2001) Advances in the study of proteolysis during cheese ripening. International Dairy Journal 11 327-345 Sundrum, A. (2001). Organic livestock farming, a critical review. Livestock Production Science, 67: 207- 215. Upreti, P.; Buhlmann, P.P.; Metzger, L. E. (2006) Influence of calcium and phosphorus, lactose and salt-tomoisture ratio on Cheddar cheese quality: pH buffering properties of cheese. Journal of Dairy Science 89: 938-950. Vicini, J., Etherton, T., Kris-Etherton, P., Ballan, J., Denham, S., Staub, R., Goldstein, D., Cady, R., McGrath, M., Lucy, M. (2008). Survey of retail milk composition as affected by label claims regarding farm-management practices. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, July: 1198-1203. Vivar Quintana, A. M. (2008) “Influencia de la leche de oveja en la elaboración de queso zamorano”. Fundación Caja Rural de Zamora. Zervas, G. Koutsotolis, K. Theodoropoulos G. Zabeli, G. (2000) Comparison of Organic with Conventional Feeding Systems of Lactating Dairy Ewes in Greece, EAAP Publication, vol. 97, pp. 107–111. 240
Abstract RAHMANN G & GODINHO D (Ed.) (2012): Tackling the Future Challenges of Organic Animal Husbandry. Proceedings of the 2 nd OAHC, Hamburg/Trenthorst, Germany, Sep 12-14, 2012 Sainfoin – New Data on Anthelmintic Effects and Production in Sheep and Goats S. WERNE 1 , V. MAURER 1 , E. PERLER 1 , Z. AMSLER 1 , J. PROBST 1 , C. ZAUGG 1 , I. KRENMAYR, M 1 . SCHWERY 2 , H. VOLKEN 2 AND F. HECKENDORN 1 1 Research Institute of Organic Agriculture, Ackerstrasse 21, CH 5070 Frick. www.fibl.org, steffen.werne@fibl.org 2 Landwirtschaftszentrum Visp, Talstrasse 3, CH 3930 Visp Gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) are one of the most important problems affecting health and therefore performance and welfare in small ruminant husbandry. The control of these parasites in the past strongly relied on the repeated use of anthelmintic drugs. This has led to nematode populations which are resistant to most of the currently available anthelmintics. Furthermore customer’s demands for organic and residue free animal products are increasing. The aforementioned problems have given a strong impetus for the development of new non-chemical strategies to control GIN. Previous research has pointed out the anthelmintic potential of sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia) and other tanniferous (CT) feed sources in goats and lambs infected with GIN. A recent Swiss experiment focussed on the use of sainfoin and field bean (Vicia faba, cv. Scirocco) as single CT sources as well as in combination for additional synergic effects, to reduce periparturient GIN egg rise of ewes in late gestation and early lactation. Another experiment with Alpine goats concentrated on the influence of sainfoin on milk performance and cheese quality. The results of these experiments will be presented and discussed in connection with previous knowledge on (i) anthelmintic effects of sainfoin and (ii) the influence of sainfoin administration on performance. Introduction Infections with nematode parasites remain a major threat to small ruminants worldwide. This is particularly relevant in grazing livestock systems. As organic farm animals should have daily access to pasture (or an open-air based exercise area), contact and therefore infection of goats and sheep with pasture borne-parasites is unavoidable. At the same time, the IFOAM Basic Standards for Organic Production (IFOAM, 2005) suggests the use of natural remedies and treatments. This commits organic farmers to use preventive procedures to minimise the use of chemotherapeutic treatments. However, the abdication of anthelmintics only works to some extent, as therapeutic application often remains essential to cure livestock suffering severe infection with gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) (Waller and Thamsborg, 2004). The emphasis on preventive procedures on the one hand and increasing nematode populations resistant to anthelmintics on the other hand (Besier and Love, 2003; Jackson and Coop, 2000; Voigt et al., 2012; Waller et al., 1996), constrains farmers and scientists to find novel solutions for a sustainable control of GIN. Promising approaches such as grazing management, genetic selection, nutrition and nutraceuticals have been investigated (Hoste and Torres-Acosta, 2011). Nutraceuticals amongst other, refer to feeds containing plant secondary metabolites such as condensed tannins (CTs). CTs are assumed to have a direct anthelmintic effect (Hoste and Torres-Acosta, 2011). In Central Europe (e.g. France, Switzerland) studies have focused on the anthelmintic effect of the tannin containing legume sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia) of the fabaceae family (Heckendorn et al., 2007; Heckendorn et al., 2006; Paolini et al., 2005). The choice of this species is mainly linked to its comparatively good agronomic properties under Central European climate conditions (Häring et al., 2007), amongst which the tolerance of O. viciifolia to cold, drought and low nutrient status are of particular importance (Carbonero et al., 2011). 241
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Foreword Organic animal husbandry s
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Introduction RAHMANN G & GODINHO D
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Abstract RAHMANN G & GODINHO D (Ed.
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Discussion RAHMANN G & GODINHO D (E
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Factors Plant Height (cm) RAHMANN G
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