Tackling the future challenges of Organic Animal Husbandry - vTI

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! Agriculture and Forestry Research, Special Issue No 362 (Braunschweig, 2012) ISSN 0376-0723 Download: www.vti.bund.de/en/startseite/vti-publications/landbauforschung-special-issues.html References Cummins SB, Lonergan P, Evans ACO, Berry DP, Evans RD & Butler ST (2012): Genetic merit for fertility traits in Holstein cows: I. Production characteristics and reproductive efficiency in a pasture-based system. Journal of Dairy Science 95, 1310-1322. Dillon P, Snijders S, Buckley F, Harris B, O´Connor P & Mee JF (2003): A comparison of different dairy cow breeds on a seasonal grass-based system of milk production – 2. Reproduction and survival. Livestock Production Science 83, 35-42. Roche JR, Macdonald KA, Burke CR, Lee JM & Berry DP (2007): Associations Among Body Condition Score, Body Weight and Reproductive Performance in Seasonal-Calving Dairy Cattle. Journal of Dairy Science 90, 376-391. Starz W, Steinwidder A, Pfister R & Rohrer H (2010): Continuous grazing in comparison to cutting management on an organic meadow in the eastern Alps. European Grassland Federation Symposium 15, 1009-1011. Steinwidder A, Starz W, Podstatzky L, Gasteiner J, Pfister R, Rohrer H & Gallenböck M (2011): Milk production from grazed pasture in mountainous regions of Austria – impact of calving season. European Grassland Federation Symposium 16, 329-331. Thomet P, Cutullic E, Bisig W, Wuest C, Elsaesser M, Steinberger S & Steinwidder A (2011): Merits of full grazing systems as a sustainable and efficient mil production strategy. European Grassland Federation Symposium 16, 273-285. Veerkamp RF, Beerda B & van der Lende T (2003): Effect of selection of for milk yield on energy balance, levels of hormones, and metabolites in lactating cattle, and possible links to reduced fertility. Livestock Production Science 83, 257-275. 338
RAHMANN G & GODINHO D (Ed.) (2012): Tackling the Future Challenges of Organic Animal Husbandry. Proceedings of the 2 nd OAHC, Hamburg/Trenthorst, Germany, Sep 12-14, 2012 Breeds and breeding strategies for sustainable and organic production from livestock and poultry DEVINDER KUMAR SADANA Animal Genetic Resources Division, National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal 132 001, India. http://www.nbagr.res.in/ eMail: sadana.dk@gmail.com Abstract One major input to organic production from livestock is the choice of the breed or strain of livestock. Local strains (not defined as a breed yet), in general, are more amenable to organic production as these do not depend on support from external resources and are, by default, more sustainable as well. In addition to organic production of milk and meat, the by-products like dung and urine are superior as organic bio-fertilizer and bio-pesticide for the soil to produce organic forage and feeds. Recent attempts at surveying the local breeds and strains of livestock in India revealed the presence of undisturbed organic production systems which are continuing and have the innate capacity to sustain by themselves e.g. Banni buffalo and Nari cattle. While transition of conventional system to organic is under active consideration, a planned support is also needed for maintenance/continuation of the organic production systems represented by livestock strains notably in the developing countries. Key words: Breed, Defined-population, Organic-by-default, Buffalo, Case-studies, Survey Introduction In the developing countries, and the countries in transition, the livestock are easily classified into four categories: breed animals, strains (uniform population but not yet defined as a breed), synthetic populations including crossbreds, and all the rest; the last group is often termed as ‘non-descript’. Breeding strategies that would enhance organic system in each of these categories would be different. Based on a long-term survey of breeds/strains, this paper highlights the case for livestock strains vis-à-vis livestock breeds in following organic production system and avenues to maintaining such organic systems as a natural recourse. Material and Methodology Recently there has been an upsurge in the study of livestock breeds and strains in terms of field survey and documentation. This has also been prompted by the FAO of the United Nations by way of preparing a comprehensive ‘State of the World Animal Genetic Resources’ [FAO, 2007a] whereby many individual countries prepared their respective ‘Country Report on Animal Genetic Resources’ [AnGR]. Several of the Country Reports made a mention of organic animal husbandry practices being followed for the local livestock (FAO, 2007b). Preparation of India’s Country Report on AnGR (FAO, 2007c) also prompted field survey of livestock populations that appeared to be uniform and located in defined geographic regions. Some case studies of such field surveys were conducted during 2002-2009. Only the case studies that belong to strains and do not belong to defined breeds have been dealt in this paper. Compared to defined breeds, these cases are loosely termed as Strains or Defined Populations or, sometimes, as ‘Lesser known Breeds’. As per FAO, a Breed by definition is a sub-specific group of domestic livestock with definable and identifiable external characteristics that enable it to be separated by visual appraisal from other similarly defined groups within the same species or a group for which geographical and/or cultural 339
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Sonderheft 362 Special Issue Tackli
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Landbauforschung vTI Agriculture an
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Foreword Organic animal husbandry s
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Content RAHMANN G & GODINHO D (Ed.)
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Introduction RAHMANN G & GODINHO D
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Abstract RAHMANN G & GODINHO D (Ed.
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Discussion RAHMANN G & GODINHO D (E
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Factors Plant Height (cm) RAHMANN G
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Results RAHMANN G & GODINHO D (Ed.)
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FEC adjusted for dry matter 12000 1
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