MOZART AND THE PRACTICE OF SACRED MUSIC, 1781-91 a ...

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parts, Eybler’s additional parts do not appear to survive in this set. Of the other manuscripts, only those for K. 275 appear to be quite early, and may not have originally belonged to St. Stephen’s. 134 Thus, none of the surviving Mozart sources appear to originate with the composer’s own activities at the Cathedral. With the large-scale losses from the archive, however, we will never know the true extent of the composer’s influence as adjunct Kapellmeister. Two incidents involving the Cathedral music are known to have occurred during Mozart’s tenure, although the composer’s name does not appear in the surviving correspondence. On 1 July 1791, Leopold Hofmann wrote to the Magistrat in his last surviving correspondence with the Council, requesting that they appoint Mathias Altmütter as violinist following the death of Markus Hofer; see Figure 4.14. Given the loss of the account book for 1791, the Council’s response on 4 August is particularly helpful as it lists most of the violinists who were then working under Hofmann and possibly Mozart: Aufzubehalten, und wird den Otto Heinrich Ponheimer die 3 te , den Anton Borghi die 4 te , den Johann Klemp die 5 te , den Joseph Scheidl die 6 te , den Mathias Hofer die 7 te , den Franz Hofer die 8 te , den Leopold Reinhard die 9 te , den Joseph Lorbna die 10 te , und den Mathias Altmütter die letzte Violinistenstelle bei der St: Stephanskirche... 135 All of these musicians occupied the same positions during the following year. Hofkapelle beygesetzt / worden. / 1828.” A score of K. 194 (HK 2237) includes the note: “Oboen - Fagotti und Clarini von K. K. Hofkapellmeister Eybler / hinzugefügt, so wie auch von / selbem das Agnus Dei und Dona abgekürzt wurde. im J. 1825.” A similar note appears in another score of the same work, HK 2247. A score of K. 259 (HK 2245) includes additional oboe, bassoon and viola parts by Eybler, with the note: “die Oboen, Fagott / und die Viola wurden / zur Verstärkung für die / k. k. Hofkapelle - vom Herrn / Hofkapellmeister v. Eybler / eigenhändig hier bey-geschrieben; / im März 1839.” 134 The wrapper is signed “Franz Göschl,” and underneath in pencil, “Alois E...l / Regens chori.” 135 A-Wsa, HR A 17/4, 3/1791. 297
Figure 4.14. Autograph petition by Leopold Hofmann to the Magistrat, July 1791. A-Wsa, HR 17/4, 3/1791. 298
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MOZART AND THE PRACTICE OF SACRED M
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Prof. Christoph Wolff, advisor Davi
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In Omnibus Glorificetur Deus M pia
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Acknowledgements A study of this ki
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Neal Zaslaw. Dexter Edge was an ess
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KBZ Tschink, Kajetan, ed. Kritische
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surprising that the ceremony was an
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on Jews. Church music was, so far,
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fidelium animi ad spiritualium reru
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liturgical calendar enjoyed the sup
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Figure 1.1. The Consistorium’s pr
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appeared somewhat disingenuous, for
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“military music” were heard in
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Figure 1.2. First page of signature
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Vorfallenheiten und Feierlichkeiten
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mentioned by Leopold Mozart. 43 Bot
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could cite not only Muratori for ph
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medical care, the housing of orphan
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esponsible priests. 60 Joseph himse
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Lent, the number of parishes in Vie
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Figure 1.4. Migazzi’s petition to
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outset; see Figure 1.5. One excepti
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the restrictions was the natural ou
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Cistercian, Dominican and other con
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music in some form, and experienced
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een written by Wolfgang to his fath
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Zeit lediger allzeit mitsammen so w
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Mozart was concerned with reassurin
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Seyn Sie nicht gar zu andächtig, g
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Daß die ohnöthigen bildereyen in
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Unterdessen will ich ihnen benachri
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instrumentally accompanied music fr
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dolorosa von Haydn - aber hatte mir
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performance of the mass ordinary an
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Figure 2.1. Opening of Frieberth’
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provided obsequies for Mozart and a
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More celebrated than Richter’s te
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conditions of employment differed s
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Work Catalogue Principal Source(s);
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composer’s maturity. The C minor
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The recovery of several autographs
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status of the church. Albrechtsberg
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autograph but appears consistent wi
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“Mottett” in 1789. 53 The autog
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performance has been exaggerated. I
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Determining the identity of the wor
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There is no sure way of identifying
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erhielt ich in Partitur-Abschrift;
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Mozart’s “lieblingsfach,” the
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Figure 2.6. Score of Davide, signed
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often accompanied her (Madame Mozar
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A number of commentators have specu
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Example 2.1. Jesu Rex patriarcharum
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Example 2.2. Opening of the final f
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Figure 2.7. Title page of the Vienn
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that city. This would seem to imply
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combining: on 31 August 1782, the d
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One of the chief documents supporti
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Fischer’s copy of K. 321. 142 As
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was not the usual disposition, eith
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including the organ and woodwind, c
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not square. 166 Both the organ part
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form, but K. 427 itself seems to ha
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Figure 2.10. Violino 2 do from an u
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The three sketchleaves mentioned ab
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educed to a one-to-one corresponden
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might receive a pension from the To
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services involving the court are do
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withholding on the curious grounds
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Signature Work Date(s) Comments 54
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Signature Work Date(s) Comments 28
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Figure 3.1. Title of the Hofkapelle
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Ecce quomodo moritur justus by Jako
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it seems that Wenzel Sukowaty, the
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Figure 3.3. Violino Primo part in a
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Two works by Salieri himself, a Mas
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Salieri...geflochten hatte, öffnet
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Figure 3.5. Autograph opening of Pa
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parts taken by Catarina Cavalieri,
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Cathedral preserves two sets of par
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the 1780s do however set texts of a
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The two “sacred songs” O Gottes
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paper is ruled with 14 staves, a ch
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A letter from Norbert Lehmann to Ni
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Example 3.1. Jacquin: Wir werfen un
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Example 3.1, continued. 166
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of a sacred piece sitting on Mozart
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Figure 3.9. Opening of Mozart’s c
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handwriting in the two psalm settin
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Nativity of the Virgin and St. Leop
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Figure 3.12. Opening of the second
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Mozart’s selection of two homopho
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eference to the Thomaskantor in Moz
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church sonatas of Fux and Caldara.
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Figure 3.13. Title page to a set of
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central and northern Germany, altho
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violas and woodwind. The most disti
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If Plath’s dating of Fr 1790a to
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orchestrates the first few bars, th
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Figure 3.15. Entries for the Kyrie
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suggestion in the literature: a Vie
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players at great expense, but it is
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Figure 3.16. The musicians of the H
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speaking, this is an attractive the
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Figure 3.17. Last page of concertma
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separated was high. 218 A further c
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Figure 3.18. The hand of Joseph Hof
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Joseph Hoffmann was at the centre o
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Nurscher died of “Brustwassersuch
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the composer. 238 In contrast, the
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Figure 3.23a. First page of Salieri
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now lost, so we will never know if
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e Alma Dei creatoris MH 221, a copy
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the “etwas kleinere” mass offer
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Figure 3.25a. Works by Mozart in Sa
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Mosel’s statement is only partial
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a mass by Kozeluch himself has an a
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Table 3.4. Performance calendar for
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der Musikfreunde in Vienna; see Fig
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Figure 3.28. Violino Primo in a set
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e pursued in detail here, and the e
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Table 3.5. Some early copies of K.
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Krönungsfeyer S r . M. / Franz. I
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Figure 3.31. Title page of a set of
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FOUR A Kapellmeister at St. Stephen
Page 257 and 258: dell’organo.” 5 If carried out,
Page 259 and 260: It is difficult to say whether the
Page 261 and 262: through local congregations and not
Page 263 and 264: independence from the ecclesiastica
Page 265 and 266: Cathedral to cave in, destroying mu
Page 267 and 268: Figure 4.3. Choirloft and organ at
Page 269 and 270: copied before Reutter became Kapell
Page 271 and 272: Maestro di Capella part for the off
Page 273 and 274: Figure 4.6. Harmonisation of chant
Page 275 and 276: Figure 4.7. Pope Pius VI celebrates
Page 277 and 278: to equate these necessarily with th
Page 279 and 280: Whether Burney communicated any of
Page 281 and 282: Gottesdienstordnung, the town counc
Page 283 and 284: Figure 4.9. Inventory of the St. St
Page 285 and 286: Name Position Table 4.1. Musicians
Page 287 and 288: Name Position Table 4.2. Music pers
Page 289 and 290: Name Position Payment (fl.xr) Comme
Page 291 and 292: Year Essential Gnadenbild (fl.xr) C
Page 293 and 294: comparatively small remaining amoun
Page 295 and 296: intention of departing Vienna in th
Page 297 and 298: were present at St. Stephen’s on
Page 299 and 300: Whatever the background, Mozart eve
Page 301 and 302: Als Hr: kapellmeister Hofmann krank
Page 303 and 304: 292 Figure 4.12. Deleted rejection
Page 305 and 306: information, for the mention of the
Page 307: and the newly-written Ave, verum co
Page 311 and 312: Question. Whether he occasionally a
Page 313 and 314: IV. MUSIC AT THE BADEN PFARRKIRCHE
Page 315 and 316: most renowned of the composer’s s
Page 317 and 318: elations with Stoll after the death
Page 319 and 320: following letter to Constanze, Moza
Page 321 and 322: months. 170 For our purposes, the p
Page 323 and 324: Figure 4.15. Opening of Mozart’s
Page 325 and 326: Figure 4.17. Verso of Mozart’s (
Page 327 and 328: Perhaps the shared key of the mass
Page 329 and 330: Es dürfte wahrscheinlich nur wenig
Page 331 and 332: then Hofbibliothek in Vienna, where
Page 333 and 334: example, sets of parts used in Bade
Page 335 and 336: Figure 4.18. Title wrapper of a set
Page 337 and 338: evival of Die Entführung aus dem S
Page 339 and 340: paper dimensions, watermarks, the s
Page 341 and 342: Figure 4.19. Canto part for Ave, ve
Page 343 and 344: and other material. 222 Among the n
Page 345 and 346: suggests that Mozart took part in t
Page 347 and 348: eceived a letter from her, “welch
Page 349 and 350: welche Wonne!” in Die Zauberflöt
Page 351 and 352: Like much else in Mozart’s short
Page 353 and 354: FIVE Mozart’s Obsequies 342 Die M
Page 355 and 356: leading up to the Exequien for Moza
Page 357 and 358: Leuthe, Lichtern, Kirchen apparaten
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The score of Gluck’s De Profundis
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the material derives from the Hofka
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Figure 5.3. Wrapper of parts for Ga
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part is marked “Trani” in the I
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II. THE COMMISSIONING OF THE REQUIE
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eplacement for the usual clarinet p
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Bauman, it is “unworthy of Mozart
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Whatever attitudes Mozart may have
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several works for the German liturg
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service in the orchestra, and it ma
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Figure 5.7. Autograph opening of S
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Figure 5.8. Autograph title page of
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comparisons between Mozart and Süs
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Süssmayr’s relations with Salier
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Musikfreunde, was witnessed by Sali
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The earliest report, completed in P
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Taken as a group, the four reports
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otherhood, the St. Cecilia Brudersc
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Fortunately, a number of Johann Geo
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Figure 5.11. “Singers’ graffiti
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detailed account of payments and a
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Majus 1791 [...] 1: 40: p[ro] descr
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SmWV 226. Both operas are undated,
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Figure 5.14. Entry in the St. Micha
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Seelenamt 6.-- Ornat beym Seelenamt
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Figure 5.15. Receipt by Spangler da
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the rhythm of the Cum sanctis. 172
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than 1795, and in a score of Don Gi
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Figure 5.19. Entry by Freystädtler
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minor. 186 It may be doubted, howev
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Discovering the true identity of th
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organist in Vienna. 200 Benedikt Sc
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Figure 5.21. Autograph Clarino Imo
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company entered these parts into Mo
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Bibliography 850 Jahre St. Stephan:
Page 429 and 430:
Armstrong, James. “'Litaniae Laur
Page 431 and 432:
———. “Mozarts Wiener Kirche
Page 433 and 434:
———. “Mozarts Anstellung am
Page 435 and 436:
———. “Eine zweite, fast ver
Page 437 and 438:
———. “The Mozarts' Salzburg
Page 439 and 440:
Godt, Irving. “Marianna in Italy:
Page 441 and 442:
Heidrich, Jürgen. Protestantische
Page 443 and 444:
Howe, Timothy E. “Developing a Hi
Page 445 and 446:
Klueting, Harm, ed. Der Josephinism
Page 447 and 448:
———. “Mozart fälschlich zu
Page 449 and 450:
Manal, Josef. “Die Einführung de
Page 451 and 452:
Murray, Sterling E. “A Requiem fo
Page 453 and 454:
———. “Aus Herbecks Leben, W
Page 455 and 456:
Rice, John A. “Adding Birds to Mo
Page 457 and 458:
Scheib, Wilfried. “Die Entwicklun
Page 459 and 460:
Schwerdling, Johann. Practische Anw
Page 461 and 462:
Strebel, Harald. “Mozart und sein
Page 463 and 464:
Wallner, Viktor. Wolfgang Amadeus M
Page 465 and 466:
———. “Mozarts c-Moll-Messe
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