0 INTRODUCTION

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7. CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH conditions noted by Quirk et al. (1985: 321-326) as well as by the principles of end-focus and end-weight (Quirk et al. 1985: 323; Taylor 1994a, b). The main aim of this section was to emphasise that the dependents of nominalizations have a parallel role to arguments in sentences, but that the number of arguments appearing in nominalizations is usually considerably lower than in their nonnominalized counterparts, the process of nominalization usually implying a valency reduction. This assertion was subsequently tested empirically in Chapter 6. Chapter 4 depicted the world of science in the EModE period and how scientific progress might have had an impact on the evolution of the English language, particularly in the use and frequency of nominalizations. Hence, Section 4.1 dealt with the rhetoric of science, and scientific texts seen as objects with intrinsic aesthetic value, used as a means of persuading authors’ fellow scientists of their observations, arguments or theories. Scientific writing was described as a heterogeneous genre, but its general features were nevertheless listed, paying special attention to those related to the use of nominalizations. It was claimed that the use of nominalizations helped to achieve the objectivity and impersonality required in scientific texts as well as to describe actions that took place in the scientific experiments (cf. Section 4.1.1). Hence, nominalizations are useful devices for the redistribution of information in a clause and to help in the “step by step” description of scientific processes. They are also useful as cohesive devices. Section 4.1.2 discussed various other factors that might have favoured the use of nominalizations in Early Modern scientific English. In a period when many new words were required to express the new and constantly evolving ideas of science, nominalizations were of use because of their 232
7. CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH monoreferentiality and transparency. Section 4.2 analyzed the implications of this for the “scientific revolution.” Changes in methodology, with scientists not only theorizing but also conducting experiments, as well as changes in the conception of science itself, have led to some scholars considering this period revolutionary (Koyré 1990 [1966]: 1-2). However, such a revolution is denied by others (cf. Mikkeli and Marttila 2010: 13). Shapin (1996) is a strong supporter of the latter view, arguing that a scientific revolution did not happen at this time due to the lack of a universal scientific method. However, Shapin himself conceded that scientists at the time, such as Bacon and Galileo, did indeed insist on the fact that they were doing something completely new, which does hint at the idea of revolution. Section 4.2.1 analyzed the role of the Royal Society as a key institution in the homogenization of scientific writing and in the spread of science to a wider community, including the middle classes. Section 4.2.2 focused on the role of the printing press as a means of making scientific texts available to a wider public and fostering communication between scientists. Section 4.3 described the changes in the language of science, from the use of Latin to the vernacularization of science. Thus, Section 4.3.1 looked specifically at the role of Latin. It was stated that Latin was the lingua franca of science during the Middle English period. Latin was at this time the barrier that separated learned from lay men as well as separating science from popular tradition. However, in the EModE period the situation changed and scientists came to associate Latin with antiquity and traditional notions of science. Despite being the key to accessing a vast cultural heritage, Latin lost ground in favour of the vernacular, which was increasingly used in even the more prestigious registers. The different problems in the vernacularization of science were analyzed in Section 4.3.2. As Jones (1953) and Gotti (2006) have both discussed 233
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UNIVERSIDADE DE SANTIAGO DE COMPOST
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DEPARTAMENTO DE FILOLOXIA INGLESA E
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pero que se ganaron o meu cariño c
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1.3.7. Text linguistic studies ....
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5. CORPORA AND METHODOLOGY ........
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6.3.1. Frequency of nominalizations
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Table 17. Dependents of -ing and Ro
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0. INTRODUCTION It has been pointed
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0. INTRODUCTION Chapter 1 offers a
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0. INTRODUCTION conclusions reached
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1. THE CONCEPT OF NOMINALIZATION wo
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1. THE CONCEPT OF NOMINALIZATION 1.
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1. THE CONCEPT OF NOMINALIZATION no
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1. THE CONCEPT OF NOMINALIZATION 1.
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1. THE CONCEPT OF NOMINALIZATION [n
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1. THE CONCEPT OF NOMINALIZATION (1
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1. THE CONCEPT OF NOMINALIZATION Al
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2. -ING NOMINALS: ORIGINS AND DEVEL
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3. NOMINAL COMPLEMENTATION AND ARGU
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4. RHETORIC AND THE WORLD OF SCIENC
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5. CORPORA AND METHODOLOGY English
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5. CORPORA AND METHODOLOGY Section
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5. CORPORA AND METHODOLOGY Table 3.
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5. CORPORA AND METHODOLOGY As can b
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5. CORPORA AND METHODOLOGY Table 6.
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5. CORPORA AND METHODOLOGY combinat
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5. CORPORA AND METHODOLOGY 5.2.1.2.
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5. CORPORA AND METHODOLOGY and aton
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5. CORPORA AND METHODOLOGY nominal
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5. CORPORA AND METHODOLOGY (Jespers
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5. CORPORA AND METHODOLOGY (105) An
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5. CORPORA AND METHODOLOGY some cas
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5. CORPORA AND METHODOLOGY (122) (.
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5. CORPORA AND METHODOLOGY respecti
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5. CORPORA AND METHODOLOGY By contr
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5. CORPORA AND METHODOLOGY of their
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6. FINDINGS 6. FINDINGS This chapte
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6. FINDINGS instance, the normalize
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6. FINDINGS in their writings since
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6. FINDINGS Table 11. Overall figur
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6. FINDINGS (151) And that is a way
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6. FINDINGS 6.1.2.1. Pre-head depen
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6. FINDINGS verbal -ing formations
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6. FINDINGS (164) M.Borrough in his
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Page 266 and 267: REFERENCES Barton, David. 1994. Lit
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Page 274 and 275: REFERENCES University of Pennsylvan
Page 276 and 277: REFERENCES Nevalainen, Terttu. 1999
Page 278 and 279: REFERENCES Russ, Charles V. J. 1982
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Page 283 and 284: APPENDIX APPENDIX: ACTION NOMINALIZ
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Page 293 and 294: APPENDIX he ceaseth not to be offic
Page 295 and 296: APPENDIX is to be done; direction,
Page 297 and 298: APPENDIX whych ben ioyned in wih th
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APPENDIX signes of this disease: no
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APPENDIX Earliest attestation 1563
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APPENDIX Tokens brekynge/ for than
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APPENDIX Definition OED Bursting n.
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APPENDIX Nominalization Choosing Ba
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APPENDIX shutting; enclosing; drawi
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APPENDIX generally taken for any ki
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APPENDIX be rightly ordred & defend
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APPENDIX compression, and the offic
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APPENDIX Definition OED Concursion
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APPENDIX Conserving n., in same sen
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APPENDIX Example And therfore the s
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APPENDIX Earliest attestation c1374
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APPENDIX Tokens 14 Nominalization C
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APPENDIX Earliest attestation Examp
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APPENDIX Tokens Nominalization Base
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APPENDIX but y~ heet is meane witho
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APPENDIX bringing forth of offsprin
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APPENDIX detractynge of tyme. Gale,
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APPENDIX Base Definition Earliest a
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APPENDIX Nominalization Disclosing
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APPENDIX Base < Old French destempr
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APPENDIX Tokens is cured by diuerti
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APPENDIX Morbus. Tokens 1 Nominaliz
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APPENDIX Earliest attestation c1270
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APPENDIX Example Now it is most pro
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APPENDIX Nominalization Enjoying Ba
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APPENDIX Nominalization Base Defini
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APPENDIX examined. †1. A testing,
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APPENDIX observ’d, has any thing
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APPENDIX Base < Latin explānātiō
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APPENDIX excision or the applicatio
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APPENDIX Tokens 1 Nominalization Fa
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APPENDIX Nominalization Flying Base
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APPENDIX Nominalization Framing Bas
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APPENDIX continued in the state of
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APPENDIX Hooke, Life. Tokens 1 Nomi
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APPENDIX Nominalization Hurting Bas
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APPENDIX Example (...) only there i
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APPENDIX Tokens an instrument of tw
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APPENDIX through Consumptions; (...
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APPENDIX Tokens Morbus. 1 (verbal g
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APPENDIX Example The Dragon then si
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APPENDIX Tokens 1 Nominalization Ju
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APPENDIX Base < Old French lancier
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APPENDIX Example Tokens Nominalizat
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APPENDIX Nominalization Lucubration
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APPENDIX Base Measure (v) Definitio
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APPENDIX administration; an instanc
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APPENDIX Hippocrates [/28./] hauing
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APPENDIX fermentation, wherby the C
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APPENDIX which heer to repeate were
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APPENDIX offense) injury, wrong, an
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APPENDIX Hypochondriack patient is
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APPENDIX and knit againe after thei
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APPENDIX stem of perturbāre (to pe
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APPENDIX Definition OED Playing n.
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APPENDIX decay, or destruction; the
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APPENDIX Tokens 1 Nominalization Ba
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APPENDIX Tokens Nominalization Base
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APPENDIX publicly known; public not
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APPENDIX Nominalization Pursuance B
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APPENDIX declares it self in a more
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APPENDIX Decoction, which is all le
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APPENDIX Nominalization Renting Bas
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APPENDIX Example Nevertheless in re
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APPENDIX Earliest attestation ?1425
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APPENDIX Nominalization Restraining
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APPENDIX Nominalization Riding Base
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APPENDIX comprehended the arte of p
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APPENDIX Tokens 4 Nominalization Sh
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APPENDIX because the visible vertue
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APPENDIX Cf. Spring v. 9. Of condit
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APPENDIX tight, wrenching, etc.; th
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APPENDIX taking one group, matrix,
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APPENDIX something at a certain rat
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APPENDIX Tokens 17 (9 of them verba
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APPENDIX Nominalization Tension Bas
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APPENDIX Tokens 7 Nominalization Tr
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APPENDIX Definition Earliest attest
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APPENDIX Example Notwithstanding in
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APPENDIX Base Walk (v) Definition O
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APPENDIX Earliest attestation 1479-
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APPENDIX Base Wither (v) Definition
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RESUMEN EN ESPAÑOL RESUMEN EN ESPA
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RESUMEN EN ESPAÑOL verbos de los q
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RESUMEN EN ESPAÑOL El análisis de
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RESUMEN EN ESPAÑOL las formaciones
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RESUMEN EN ESPAÑOL Gotti, Maurizio
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0 INTRODUCTION

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