ovdje - Hrvatsko filozofsko društvo

ono što je, po njemu, unosilo disharmoniju u život nekog polisa, a to je
subjektivna sloboda. Korpus zakona koji je donijela Kina krajem sedamdesetih
godina prošlog vijeka zarad kontrole nataliteta, neminovno je doveo
do ograničavanja slobode pojedinca. Iako temporalno i duhovno udaljene,
Platonova država i kineska država pretpostavljaju bar jednu temeljnu zajedničku
ideju, a to je ontološki primat zajednice u odnosu na pojedinca.
Oba koncepta otvaraju niz kontroverzi na području politike i ekonomije, a
daju se razmatrati i iz bioetičke perspektive.
PLATO’S UNDERSTANDING OF THE STATE VERSUS
THE UNDERSTANDING OF THE STATE IN CHINA
The author compares Plato’s understanding of the state with the understanding
of the state in today’s China. On the one hand the focus is
on the Plato’s attitude towards posterity, and on the other the Chinese attitude
towards posterity. For Plato, the emphasis is on the “quality” which
is manifested by a kind of eugenics, and with the purpose to restore the
so-called ideal polis. In China, however, the emphasis is on the quantity,
i.e. the policy of allowing only one child per family and with the intention
to foster the sustainability of the existing concept of the state. By not allowing
marriages and posterity planning at one’s own will Plato wanted to
eliminate what, according to him, was bringing disharmony into the life
of a polis, and that is subjective freedom. The corpus of laws that China
adopted at the end of 1970s in order to control the birth rate, inevitably led
to the limitation of the individual freedom. Although temporally and spiritually
distant, the Plato’s state and the Chinese state represent at least one
fundamental common idea which is the ontological priority of the community
in comparison to the individual. Both concepts are opening a series of
controversies in the fields of politics and economy, and can be considered
from the bioethical perspective as well.
121